Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B (대한기계학회논문집B)

The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (대한기계학회)
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Predictions of the Cooling Performance on an Air-Cooled EV Battery System According to the Air Flow Passage Shape

공기 유로 형상에 따른 공랭식 전기자동차 배터리 시스템의 냉각 성능 예측

  • Jeong, Seok Hoon (Dept. of Mechanical Design, Kongju Nat'l Univ.) ;
  • Suh, Hyun Kyu (Dept. of Mechanical Engineering & Automotive Engineering, Kongju Nat'l Univ.)
  • 정석훈 (공주대학교 기계설계공학과) ;
  • 서현규 (공주대학교 기계자동차공학부)
  • Received : 2016.07.24
  • Accepted : 2016.10.16
  • Published : 2016.12.01
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Abstract

This paper aims to compare and study the cooling performance of a battery system in accordance with the inlet and outlet geometry of the air passage in an EV. The arrangement and the heat source of the battery module were fixed, and the inlet/outlet area and its geometry were varied with the analysis of the cooling performance. The results of this study provide suggestions for the air flow stream line inside of a battery, the velocity field, and the temperature distributions. It was confirmed that the volume flow rate of air should be over $400m^3/h$, in order to satisfy conditions under $50^{\circ}C$, which is the limit condition for stable operation. It was also revealed that the diffuser outlet geometry can improve the cooling performance of battery system.

본 논문은 전기자동차 배터리 시스템에 공기를 이용한 직접 냉각 방식을 적용하여, 공기 유로 형상에 따른 냉각 성능을 비교 연구하였다. 이를 위해, 배터리 냉각 시스템에서 모듈의 배치 형상과 발열량을 고정하고, 입 출구 면적 및 외부 Case 형상을 변경하여, 이에 따른 냉각 성능 결과를 수치 해석적으로 비교 분석하였다. 해석 결과는 배터리 내부의 공기 유동 유선(Stream line), 속도장 분포(Velocity field), 온도 분포(Temperature distributions)를 정리하여 제시하였다. 해석 결과, 외기온도 $25^{\circ}C$에서 안정적인 배터리 작동온도인 $50^{\circ}C$ 이하를 만족하기 위해서는 공기의 유입 체적이 $400m^3/h$ 이상이 되어야 함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 출구 부근의 Diffuser 형상을 가지는 해석 조건에서 냉각이 끝난 공기의 배출이 원활히 진행되면서 냉각 성능이 향상되는 것을 알 수 있었다.

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