DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Experimental investigation of flow characteristics around four square-cylinder arrays at subcritical Reynolds numbers

  • Liu, Mingyue (State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University) ;
  • Xiao, Longfei (State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University) ;
  • Yang, Lijun (State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University)
  • 투고 : 2015.04.22
  • 심사 : 2015.07.05
  • 발행 : 2015.09.30

초록

The Deep Draft Semi-Submersible (DDS) concepts are known for their favourable vertical motion performance. However, the DDS may experience critical Vortex-Induced Motion (VIM) stemming from the fluctuating forces on the columns. In order to investigate the current-induced excitation forces of VIM, an experimental study of flow characteristics around four square-section cylinders in a square configuration is presented. A number of column spacing ratios and array attack angles were considered to investigate the parametric influences. The results comprise flow patterns, drag and lift forces, as well as Strouhal numbers. It is shown that both the drag and lift forces acting on the cylinders are slightly different between the various L/D values, and the fluctuating forces peak at L/D = 4.14. The lift force of downstream cylinders reaches its maximum at around ${\alpha}=15^{\circ}$. Furthermore, the flow around circular-section-cylinder arrays is also discussed in comparison with that of square cylinders.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Agrawal, A., Djenidi, L. and Antonia, R.A., 2006. Investigation of flow around a pair of side-by-side square cylinders using the lattice Boltzmann method. Computers & Fluids, 35(10), pp.1093-1107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2005.05.008
  2. Alam, M.D. and Zhou, Y., 2007. Turbulent wake of an inclined cylinder with water running. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 589, pp.261-303.
  3. Alam, M., Zhou, Y. and Wang, X.W., 2011. The wake of two side-by-side square cylinders. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 669, pp.432-471. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112010005288
  4. Bearman, P. W. and Trueman, D. M., 1972. An investigation of the flow around rectangular cylinders. Aeronaut. Q. XXIII (Pt 3), pp.229-237.
  5. Goncalves, R.T., Rosetti, G.F., Fujarra, A.L.C. and Oliveira, A.C., 2012. Experimental study on vortex-induced motions of a semi-submersible platform with four square columns, Part I: Effects of current incidence angle and hull appendages. Ocean Engineering, 54, pp.150-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2012.06.032
  6. Goncalves, R.T., Rosetti, G.F., Fujarra, A.L.C. and Oliveira, A.C., 2013. Experimental study on vortex-induced motions of a semi-submersible platform with four square columns, Part II: Effects of surface waves, external damping and draft condition. Ocean Engineering, 62, pp.10-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2013.01.019
  7. Hasebe, H., Watanabe, K., Watanabe, Y. and Nomura, T., 2009. Experimental study on the flow field between two square cylinders in tandem arrangement. The Seventh Asia-Pacific Conference on Wind Engineering, Taipei, 8-12 November 2009.
  8. Knisely, C.W., 1990. Strouhal numbers of rectangular cylinders at incidence: a review and new data. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 4(4), pp.371-393. https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-9746(90)90137-T
  9. Kumar, S.R., Sharma, A. and Agrawal, A., 2008. Simulation of flow around a row of square cylinders. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 606, pp.369-397.
  10. Lam, K. and Fang, X., 1995. The effect of interference of four equispaced cylinders in cross flow on pressure and force coefficients. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 9(2), pp.195-214. https://doi.org/10.1006/jfls.1995.1010
  11. Lam, K., Li, J.Y., Chan, K.T. and So, R.M.C., 2003a. Flow pattern and velocity field distribution of cross-flow around four cylinders in a square configuration at a low Reynolds number. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 17(5), pp.665-679. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-9746(03)00005-7
  12. Lam, K., Li, J.Y. and So, R.M.C., 2003b. Force coefficients and Strouhal numbers of four cylinders in cross flow. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 18(3), pp.305-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2003.07.008
  13. Lam, K. and Lo, S.C., 1992. A visualization study of cross-flow around four cylinders in a square configuration. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 6(1), pp.109-131. https://doi.org/10.1016/0889-9746(92)90058-B
  14. Lesage, F. and Gartshore, I.S., 1987. A method of reducing drag and fluctuating side force on bluff bodies. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 25(2), pp.229-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(87)90019-5
  15. Li, J., Sun, J. and Roux, B., 1992. Numerical study of an oscillating cylinder in uniform flow and in the wake of an upstream cylinder. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 237, pp.457-478. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112092003495
  16. Liu, C.H. and Chen, J.M., 2002. Observations of hysteresis in flow around two square cylinders in a tandem arrangement. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 90(9), pp.1019-1050. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(02)00234-9
  17. Luo, S.C., Chew, Y.T. and Ng, Y.T., 2003. Characteristics of square cylinder wake transition flows. Physics of Fluids, 15(9), pp.2549-2559. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1596413
  18. Lyn, D.A., Einav, S., Rodi, W. and Park, J.H., 1995. A laser-doppler velocimetry study of ensemble-averaged characteristics of the turbulent near wake of a square cylinder. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 304, pp.285-319. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112095004435
  19. Nakaguchi, H., Hashimoto, K. and Muto, S., 1968. An experimental study on aerodynamic drag of rectangular cylinders. Journal of the Japan Society for Aeronautical and Space Sciences, 16, pp.1-5. https://doi.org/10.2322/jjsass1953.16.1
  20. Noda, H. and Nakayama, A., 2003. Free-stream turbulence effects on the instantaneous pressure and forces on cylinders of rectangular cross section. Experiments in Fluids, 34(3), pp.332-344. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-002-0562-0
  21. Norberg, C., 1993. Flow around rectangular cylinders: pressure forces and wake frequencies. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 49(1), pp.187-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(93)90014-F
  22. Ootsuki, S., Fujii, K., Washizu, H. and Ohya, S., 1980. On the characteristics of three-component aerodynamic force and pressure distribution of a fixed two-dimensional recrtangular cylinder in a uniform flow. Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Wing Engineering, Japan Association for Wind Engineering, Tokyo, pp153-159 (in Japanese).
  23. Ota, T., Okamoto, Y. and Yoshikawa, H., 1994. A correction formula for wall effects on unsteady forces of two-dimensional bluff bodies. Journal of Fluids Engineering, 116(3), pp.414-418. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2910292
  24. Saha, A.K., Muralidhar, K. and Biswas, G., 2000. Experimental study of flow past a square cylinder at high Reynolds numbers. Experiments in Fluids, 29(6), pp.553-563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003480000123
  25. Sakamoto, H., Hainu, H. and Obata, Y., 1987. Fluctuating forces acting on two square prisms in a tandem arrangement. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 26(1), pp.85-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(87)90037-7
  26. Savkar, S.D., 1981. Buffeting force on rigid circular cylinders in cross flows. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 105, pp.397-425. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112081003261
  27. Schewe, G., 1983. On the force fluctuations acting on a circular cylinder in crossflow from subcritical up to transcritical Reynolds numbers. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 133, pp.265-285. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112083001913
  28. So, R.M.C., Liu, Y., Chan, S.T. and Lam, K., 2001. Numerical studies of a freely vibrating cylinder in a cross-flow. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 15(6), pp.845-866. https://doi.org/10.1006/jfls.2000.0377
  29. Stansby, P.K., 1974. The effects of end plates on the base pressure coefficient of a circular cylinder. Aeronautical Journal, 78, pp.36.
  30. Tamura, T. and Miyagi, T., 1999. The effect of turbulence on aerodynamic forces on a square cylinder with various corner shapes. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 83(1), pp.135-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(99)00067-7
  31. Tutar, M. and Holdo, A.E., 2001. Computational modelling of flow around a circular cylinder in sub-critical flow regime with various turbulence models. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 35(7), pp.763-784. https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0363(20010415)35:7<763::AID-FLD112>3.0.CO;2-S
  32. Waals, O.J., Phadke, A.C. and Bultema, S., 2007. Flow induced motions on multi column floaters. ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, San Diego, 10-15 June 2007, pp.669-678.
  33. West, G.S. and Apelt, C.J., 1982. The effects of tunnel blockage and aspect ratio on the mean flow past a circular cylinder with Reynolds numbers between 104 and 105. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 114, pp.361-377. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022112082000202
  34. West, G.S. and Apelt, C.J., 1997. Fluctuating lift and drag forces on finite lengths of a circular cylinder in the subcritical Reynolds number range. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 11(2), pp.135-158. https://doi.org/10.1006/jfls.1996.0070
  35. Yen, S.C. and Liu, J.H., 2011. Wake flow behind two side-by-side square cylinders. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 32(1), 41-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2010.09.005

피인용 문헌

  1. Experimental study on vortex-induced motions of a semi-submersible with square columns and pontoons at different draft conditions and current incidences vol.9, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2016.11.003
  2. Determination of Equivalent Roughness of Bridge Piers’ Flow Resistance vol.24, pp.8, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)he.1943-5584.0001816
  3. CFD evaluation and experimental comparison on the flow around fixed multi-column configurations vol.14, pp.4, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40868-019-00066-z
  4. RANS and hybrid LES/RANS simulations of flow over a square cylinder vol.1, pp.1, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1186/s42774-019-0012-9
  5. Force Measurements of the Flow Around Arrays of Three and Four Columns With Different Geometry Sections, Spacing Ratios, and Incidence Angles vol.142, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4045212
  6. Numerical studies on flow-induced motions of a semi-submersible with three circular columns vol.13, pp.None, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnaoe.2021.06.005
  7. Numerical Investigation of Fluid Flow past Four Cylinders at Low Reynolds Numbers vol.2021, pp.None, 2021, https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1127324
  8. An LBM-based investigation of thermal buoyancy and arrangement angle on flow characteristics and heat transfer over four heated square cylinders vol.79, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1080/10407790.2021.1929304