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Utilization of Wood by-product and Development of Horticultural Growing Media

임산부산물을 이용한 원예용 혼합상토 개발

  • Jung, Ji Young (Division of Environmental Forest Science and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Lim, Ki-Byung (Department of Horticultural Science, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Ji Su (Division of Environmental Forest Science and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Park, Han Min (Division of Environmental Forest Science and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Yang, Jae-Kyung (Division of Environmental Forest Science and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 정지영 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 환경재료과학과(농업생명과학연구원)) ;
  • 임기병 (경북대학교 원예과학과) ;
  • 김지수 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 환경재료과학과(농업생명과학연구원)) ;
  • 박한민 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 환경재료과학과(농업생명과학연구원)) ;
  • 양재경 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 환경재료과학과(농업생명과학연구원))
  • Received : 2014.09.23
  • Accepted : 2015.02.26
  • Published : 2015.06.30

Abstract

The main objective of this work was to identify and evaluate possible substrate alternatives or amendments to peat moss. This study involves the physical and chemical characterization and growth test of wood sawdust and wood fiber in order to evaluate their use as components of horticultural media. The carbohydrate content, C/N ratio, pH, phenolic compound, total porosity and water holding capacity were 58.9%, 425.1, 4.8, 181.8 ($mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$), 82.5% and 47.1% in wood sawdust and 41.1%, 240.8, 5.9, 29.8 ($mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$), 90.6% and 56.2% in wood fiber, respectively. Wood sawdust (K, $998.0mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$ ; Ca, $1196.0mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$; Mg, $105.6mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) and wood fiber (K, $1250.1mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$; Ca, $1982.6mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$; Mg, $173.1mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) showed adequate mineral elements properties compared to peat moss (K, $0.02mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$; Ca, $0.57mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$; Mg, $0.13mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) for their use as growing media. The mixtures of the horticultural media were prepared using different substrate as wood sawdust and wood fiber to grow Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) in a greenhouse. The seed germination, leaf area and stem height were 75%, $0.50cm^2$ and 2.8 cm in PS substrate (containing 30% peat moss, 10% perlite and 60% wood sawdust) and 95%, $0.65cm^2$ and 3.3 cm in PF substrate (containing 30% peat moss, 10% perlite and 60% wood fiber), respectively. The seed germination and stem height of the PF substrate (containing 30% peat moss, 10% perlite and 60% wood fiber) was higher than those in peat moss (control). Utilization of wood by-product can be considered as an alternative media component to substitute the widely using expensive peat moss.

본 연구는 임산부산물인 톱밥과 목질섬유를 원예작물용 혼합상토 원료로서의 적용가능성을 검토하고자 물리화학적 특성 분석 및 배추 육묘를 위한 종자발아 단계부터 생육과 관련된 실험을 수행하였다. 톱밥 및 목질섬유를 기존 사용되고 있는 피트모스와 물리화학적 특성을 비교 분석한 결과, 총 탄수화물 함량은 톱밥과 목질섬유가 각각 58.9, 41.1%로 피트모스(33.9%)보다 높은 총 탄수화물 함량을 나타냈고, C/N비는 톱밥 425.1, 목질섬유 240.8로 피트모스(56.3)보다 높은 수치를 나타냈다. 또한 피트모스의 무기성분함량은 K($0.02mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$), Ca($0.57mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$), Mg($0.13mg{\cdot}100g^{-1}$) 성분만을 소량 함유하고 있으나, 톱밥 및 목질섬유는 작물 재배 시 무기영양보충에 도움을 줄 수 있는 K, Ca, Mg, P성분이 다량 함유되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 톱밥은pH 4.8로 피트모스(pH 5.1)와 목질섬유(pH 5.9)에 비해 산성을 나타내었고, 생장저해물질인 페놀성 화합물 함량도 톱밥이 $181.8mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$으로 피트모스 $103.1mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ 및 목질섬유 $29.8mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ 비해 높은 함량을 나타냈으며, 톱밥의 공극률 및 수분보유력은 각각 82.5, 47.1%, 목질섬유의 공극률 및 수분보유력은 각각 90.6, 56.2%로서 피트모스의 공극률(89.9%) 및 수분보유력(47.0%)과 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 톱밥 및 목질섬유를 혼합한 상토에서 작물생육특성을 분석하기 위해 배추를 육묘 하여 발아율, 엽면적 및 초장을 측정한 결과 목질섬유 혼합상토는 피트모스와 유사한 수준의 생육 특성을 나타내었고, 톱밥 혼합상토는 피트모스에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 수준의 생육특성을 나타냈다. 이는 물리적인 특성보다 화학적인 특성, 특히 원료의 pH 또는 생장저해물질의 함량이 작물의 생육에 영향을 미친 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 물리화학적 특성 및 생육 특성의 결과를 고려했을 때, 목질섬유는 피트모스를 부분적으로 대체할 수 있는 혼합상토 원료로서 적합할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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