DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Comparison of Quality Characteristics of Woodpellet Manufactured from Pinus densiflora S. et Z. and Pinus rigida Mill

소나무와 리기다소나무를 사용하여 제조한 목재펠릿의 품질 특성 비교

  • Seo, Jun-Won (Department of Green Technology Convergence. Konkuk University) ;
  • Lee, Eung-Su (Sunchang Corporation/Plywood Production Team) ;
  • Kang, Chan-Young (Korea Forestry Promotion Institute) ;
  • Kim, Si-Bak (Department of Forest Products, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Yoon, Yong Han (Department of Green Technology Convergence. Konkuk University) ;
  • Park, Heon (Department of Green Technology Convergence. Konkuk University)
  • 서준원 (건국대학교 녹색기술융합학과) ;
  • 이응수 (선창산업) ;
  • 강찬영 (한국임업진흥원) ;
  • 김시백 (국립산림과학원 임산공학부) ;
  • 윤용한 (건국대학교 녹색기술융합학과) ;
  • 박헌 (건국대학교 녹색기술융합학과)
  • Received : 2014.03.25
  • Accepted : 2015.02.23
  • Published : 2015.05.25

Abstract

The quality characteristics of the woodpellet manufactured from two domestic pines (Pinus densiflora S. et Z. and Pinus rigida Mill.) were investigated for the efficient energy use of woody biomass resources. Properties of woodpellets such as moisture content, heating value, ash content, apparent density and durability were determined by using the standard test method of woodpellets of Korea Forest Research Institute (KFRI) and elemental analysis. The results of elemental analysis for C, H, O and N showed 61.42% carbon, 5.56% hydrogen, 32.87% oxygen, and 0.15% nitrogen for Pinus densiflora S. et Z. and 61.03% carbon, 5.96% hydrogen, 32.83% oxygen, and 0.18% nitrogen for Pinus rigida Mill. No significant difference between Pinus densiflora S. et Z. and Pinus rigida Mill was observed on elemental analysis. Heating values of each woodpellet were ranged from 19.00 to 19.42 MJ/kg which satisfied the first grade quality standard (${\geq}18.0MJ/kg$) by KFRI. The ash contents of woodpellet were slightly different between Pinus densiflora S. et Z. and Pinus rigida Mill., and satisfied the first grade quality standard (${\leq}0.7%$) by KFRI. Apparent density of woodpellet (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) was passed the first grade standard level (${\geq}640kg/m^3$), and woodpellets from Pinus rigida Mill. satisfied the second grade quality of the standard. The moisture contents of each woodpellet were satisfied by the first grade quality standard (${\leq}10%$). The durability of woodpellet (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) was passed the third grade level (${\geq}95%$), but Pinus rigida Mill. woodpellet was insufficient to satisfy the quality standard.

목질 바이오매스 자원의 효율적 에너지화 방안의 일환으로 소나무와 리기다소나무를 목재펠릿으로 만들고, 그 특성을 조사하였다. 제조된 목재펠릿의 함수율, 발열량, 회분, 겉보기밀도, 내구성, 원소분석을 측정하여 비교하였다. 소나무와 리기다소나무 목재펠릿의 원소분석의 결과, 소나무는 61.42% (C), 수소 5.56% (H), 산소 32.87% (O) 그리고 0.15% (N)로 나타났으며, 리기다소나무는 61.03% (C), 수소 5.96% (H), 산소 32.83% (O) 그리고 0.18% (N)로 나타나 두 수종 간에 거의 차이가 없었다. 각 시료의 발열량은 약 19 MJ/kg로서 품질규격 1급((${\geq}18.0MJ/kg$)을 만족시켰다. 회분량의 경우 소나무가 0.50%, 리기다소나무가 0.53%로 양자 간의 차이가 거의 없었으며, 품질규격 1급(${\leq}0.7%$)을 만족시켰다. 겉보기 밀도는 소나무 펠릿의 경우 $648kg/m^3$으로 품질규격 1급(${\geq}640kg/m^3$)을 만족시켰으나, 리기다소나무의 경우 $622kg/m^3$으로 품질규격 2급(${\geq}600kg/m^3$)을 만족시켰다. 함수율의 경우 두 수종 모두 품질규격 1급(${\leq}10%$)를 만족시켰으며, 내구성의 경우 소나무 목재펠릿은 품질규격 3급(${\geq}95%$)를 만족시켰으나 리기다소나무 목재펠릿은 내구성 품질규격을 만족시키지 못하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn, B.J., Chang, H.S., Cho, S.T., Han, G.S., Yang, I. 2013. Effect of the Addition of Binders on the Fuel Characteristics of Wood Pellets. Journal of the Korean Wood Science & Technology 41(6): 475-489. https://doi.org/10.5658/WOOD.2013.41.6.475
  2. Cordero, T., Marquez, F., Rodriguez-Mirasol, J., Rodriguez. J. 2001. Predicting heating values of lignocellulosics and carbonaceous naterials from proximate analysis. Fuel 80: 1567-1571. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(01)00034-5
  3. Han, G.S., Kim, B.R. 2006. Characteristics of Charcoal from Wood Pellet. Journal of the Korean Wood Science & Technology 34(3): 15-21.
  4. Han, K.S., Choi, D.H. 2002. Densified Fuels from Poplars. Journal of Korea Forestry Energy 21(3): 59-65.
  5. Han, K.S., Choi, D.H. 2006. Manufacturing of Wood Pellet Fuel using Major Planting Tree Species. Proceedings of the Korean Society of Wood Science and Technology Annual Meeting. pp. 112-113.
  6. Han, K.S., Yeo, J.K. 2003. High-pressure Compaction of Sawdust of Hyunsasi-poplar (Populus alba ${\times}$ P. glandulosa) for Densified Fuel. Journal of Korea Forestry Energy 22(2): 54-59.
  7. Holt, G.A., Blodgett, T.L., Nakayama, F.S. 2006. Physical and combustion characteristics of pellet fuel from cotton gin by-products produced by select processing treatments. Industrial Crops and Products 24(3): 204-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2006.06.005
  8. Jo, J.J., Kang, S.K., Huh, N.J., Park, S.J. 1988. Illustrated world wood. Seonjinmunhwasa. Seoul, Korea.
  9. Kaliyan, N. Morey, R.B. 2009. Factors affecting strength and durability of densified biomass products. Biomass and Bioenergy 33: 337-359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.08.005
  10. Kim, J.J., Kang, S.B. 2009. Wood Pellet Boiler Technology and its Supply Policy. Proceedings of the Society of Air-conditioning and Refrigerating engineers of Korea. pp. 369.
  11. Korea Forest Research Institute. 2013. The Quality Standard of Wood Pellet. Korea Forest Research Institute Notice No. 2013-5.
  12. Kwon, G.J., Kwon, S.M., Cha, D.S., Kim, N.H. 2010. characteristics of Pellet Prepared from Sawdust and Wood-tar. Journal of the Korean Wood Science & Technology 38(1): 36-42. https://doi.org/10.5658/WOOD.2010.38.1.36
  13. Kwon, S.M., Cho, J.H., Lee, S.J., Kwon, G.J., Hwang, B.H., Lee, G.H., Han, G.S., Cha, D.S., Kim, N.H. 2007. Evaluation for Wood Pellets from Pinus densiflora Wood Damaged by forest Fire. Journal of the Korean Wood Science & Technology 35(4): 14-20.
  14. Lee, E.S., Kang, C.Y., Seo, J.W., Park, H. 2011. A Study on Productivity and Quality Characteristics of Wood Pellets by Larix Kaemferi Carr Sawdust with Adding Vegetable Oil and Ozonized Vegetable Oil. Journal of the Korean Wood Science & Technology 39(4): 359-369. https://doi.org/10.5658/WOOD.2011.39.4.359
  15. Lee, S.M., Choi, D.H., Cho, S.T., Nam, T.H., Han, G.S., Yang, I. 2011. Effects of Various Factors on the Durability of Pellets Fabricated with Larix kaempferi C. and Liriodendron tulipifera L. Sawdust. Journal of the Korean Wood Science & Technology 39(3): 258-268. https://doi.org/10.5658/WOOD.2011.39.3.258
  16. Lehtikangas, P. 2000. Stroage effects on pelletised sawdust, logging residues and bark. Biomass and Bioenergy 19: 287-293. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0961-9534(00)00046-5
  17. Lehtikangas, P. 2001. Quality properties of pelletised sawdust, logging residues and bark. Biomass and Bioenergy 20: 351-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0961-9534(00)00092-1
  18. Obernberger, I., Thek, G. 2004. Physical characterisation and chemical composition of densified biomass fuels with regard to their combustion behaviour. Biomass and Bioenergy 27: 653-669 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2003.07.006
  19. Paik, K.H., Choi, J.W., Kim, J.J. 2011. Bioerengy.Biomass. 1st Edition. Bookshill. Seoul. Korea.
  20. Ryu, J.Y., Kang, C.Y., Lee, E.S., Seo, J.W., Lee, H.J., Park, H. 2010. The Study on the Characteristics of Pellets Manufactured with Morphologically Different Domestic Larix Kaemferi Carr Sawdust. Journal of the Korean Wood Science & Technology 38(1): 49-55. https://doi.org/10.5658/WOOD.2010.38.1.49
  21. Wilson, O.T. 2010. Factors affecting Wood Fellet Durability. Master thesis. The Pennsylvania State University.