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Pre-monsoon Dynamics of Zooplankton Communityin the Estuary of the Tamjin River, Korea

춘계 탐진강 하구역의 동물플랑크톤 군집 동태

  • Kim, Saywa (Department of Life Science, College of Environmental Sciences, Yong In University)
  • 김세화 (용인대학교 환경과학대학 생명과학과)
  • Received : 2014.08.27
  • Accepted : 2015.01.20
  • Published : 2015.03.31

Abstract

Pre-monsoon dynamics of zooplankton community were investigated in the estuary of the Tamjin River flowing into the Doam Bay of the southern coast of Korea. Monthly sampling was carried out to collect zooplankters at five sites in the estuary and the river during the period between March and June 2014. Dissolved oxygen contents were low between $5.0{\sim}7.0mgL^{-1}$ in the estuary and high, 7.0~11.0, in the river. Water temperature increased gradually from 12.0 to $28.0^{\circ}C$ and pH fluctuated between the range 7.4~8.8, respectively. A total of 85 taxa consisted of 25 species of rotifer, 30 kinds of copepod, 8 species of cladoceran, six kinds of aquatic insect larvae, four kinds of decapod and two kinds of Cirripedia larvae and Polychaeta larvae and one kind of Amphipoda, Ispopoda, Appenidicularia, Nematoda and Cnidaria, and Nocticluca scintillans was occurred. Brackish copepods distributed at almost all studied sites with freshwater zooplankters being restricted to upper waters of the river. Monthly succession of Acartia spp. was observed in the estuary with the occurrence of A. hudsonica in March and April then A. omori in May and June. Zooplankton abundance showed to vary from 450 to $87,818ind\;m^{-3}$ due to the explosion of copepodite and copepod nauplius in the estuary. Species diversity indices varied between 0.6~2.3 and generally low in the estuary and high in the river. Sea water input into the river seems to affect the river biota for more than some kilometers of the upper waters of the Tamjin River.

전라남도 강진군 도암만으로 흘러드는 탐진강 하구역의 5개 정점에서 2014년 3월부터 6월까지 매달 동물플랑크톤을 채집하여 춘계 동물플랑크톤의 군집동태를 조사하였다. 용존산소량은 하구역 정점에서 $5.0{\sim}7.0mgL^{-1}$로 강 상류역의 $7.0{\sim}11.0mgL^{-1}$보다 낮았고 pH는 7.4~8.8 사이에서 변동하며 하구역에서 높았으며 수온은 조사초기 $12.0^{\circ}C$에서 $28.0^{\circ}C$까지 증가하였다. 동물플랑크톤은 윤충류 25종, 지각류 8종, 요각류 30종, 수서곤충 6종, 십각류 4종, 따개비 유생 2종, 다모류 유생 2종과 단각류, 등각류, 이매패류, 미충류, 선충류, 모악동물, 자포동물, 야광충이 각각 1종씩 등 총 85종류가 출현하였다. 기수성 요각류는 전 정점에서 출현하였으며 담수산 윤충류와 지각류의 분포는 강 상류 정점에 제한되었다. Acartia 속에 속하는 종들은 3, 4월에 A. hudsonica가 출현한 후 소멸하면 5, 6월에 A. omori가 출현하는 월별 천이를 하였다. 동물플랑크톤 출현량은 $450{\sim}87,818ind\;m^{-3}$ 사이에서 변동하였는데 하구역 정점들에서 요각류 유생과 미성숙 개체들의 대량 출현에 의하여 입방미터당 수 만 개체의 출현량이 기록된 결과이다. 종 다양성지수는 0.6~2.3범위에서 변동하였는데 하구역에서 낮았고 강 상류에서 높았다. 탐진강 하구역에서의 기수역 형성은 뚜렷하며 강 상류역 수 km까지 확장되어 있는 것으로 추정된다.

Keywords

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