Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science (대한공간정보학회지)

Korea Spatial Information Society (대한공간정보학회)
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Selecting Suitable Riparian Wildlife Passage Locations for Water Deer based on MaxEnt Model and Wildlife Crossing Analysis

MaxEnt 모형과 고라니의 이동행태를 고려한 수변지역 이동통로 적지선정

  • Jeong, Seung Gyu (Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Hwa Su (Department of Forest Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Park, Jong Hoon (Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University) ;
  • Lee, Dong Kun (Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering, CALS, Seoul National University) ;
  • Park, Chong Hwa (Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Seoul National University) ;
  • Seo, Chang Wan (Department of Climate & Ecology, National Institute of Ecology)
  • 정승규 (서울대학교 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 이화수 (서울대학교 산림과학부) ;
  • 박종훈 (서울대학교 농업생명과학연구원) ;
  • 이동근 (서울대학교 조경지역시스템공학부) ;
  • 박종화 (서울대학교 환경대학원) ;
  • 서창완 (국립생태원 기후생태연구실)
  • Received : 2015.03.03
  • Accepted : 2015.03.18
  • Published : 2015.03.31
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Abstract

Stream restoration projects have become threats to riparian ecosystem in Rep. of korea. Riparian wildlife becomes isolated and the animals are often experience difficulties in crossing riparian corridors. The purposes of this study is to select suitable wildlife passages for wild animals crossing riparian corridors. Maximum entropy model and snow tracking data on embankment in winter seasons were used to develop species distribution models to select suitable wildlife passages for water deer. The analysis suggests the following. Firstly, most significant factors for water deer's habitat in area nearby riparian area are shown to distance to water, age-class, land cover, slope, aspect, digital elevation model, tree density, and distance to road. For the riparian area, significant factors are shown to be land cover, size of riparian area, distance to tributary, and distance to built-up. Secondly, the suitable wildlife passages are recommended to reflect areas of high suitability with Maximum Entropy model in riparian areas and the surrounding areas and moving passages. The selected suitable areas are shown to be areas with low connectivity due to roads and vertical levee although typical habitats for water deer are forest, grassland, and farmland. In addition, the analysis of traces on snow suggests that the water deer make a detour around the artificial structures. In addition, the water deer are shown to make a detour around the fences of roads and embankment around farmland. Lastly, the water deer prefer habitats around riparian areas following tributaries. The method used in this study is expected to provide cost-efficient and functional analysis in selecting suitable areas.

최근 우리나라는 하천정비사업으로 인해 수변생태계는 큰 위협을 받고 있으며, 수변의 야생동물은 고립되고 이동의 영향을 받고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 수변지역을 대상으로 이동통로 적지를 선정하는 것이다. 목표종은 고라니를 대상으로 하였으며 Maximum Entropy 모형과 눈길위흔적조사 자료를 이용하여 최소비용거리에 따른 야생동물의 행동생태학적인 관점에서 수변지역의 이동통로 적지를 선정하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 수변인접서식지 분석에서 고라니의 잠재서식지 영향을 주는 중요요소는 수계와의 거리, 영급, 토지피복, 경사, 향, 고도, 밀도, 도로와의 거리순으로 나타났으며, 수변에서는 토지피복, 수변면적, 지류와의 거리, 시가지와의 거리가 주요 변수로 나타났음을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 적지선정 지점은 수변과 인접지역의 각각의 서식지에서 적합도가 높은 지점과 이동경로를 고려하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 판단된다. 적지선정 지점들은 수변의 산림, 초지 및 농경지가 고라니의 주요 서식지이나 도로나 제방으로 인해서 연결성이 저하된 곳이었으며, 이동에 영향을 받아 우회하는 것을 눈길위흔적조사를 통해 확인하였다. 마지막으로 고라니는 수변지역에서 지류를 통해서 수변과 인근의 좋은 서식지를 선호하는 것으로 유추되었다. 본 연구에서 제시한 적지 선정 방법은 구조적이고 기능적인 분석을 통합한 방법으로 적지선정에 적용한다면 시간적 경제적인 소모를 줄일 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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