Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Ore Minerals and Genetic Environments of the Seungryung Zn Deposit, Muzu, Korea

무주 승륭 아연광상의 광석광물과 생성환경

  • Yeom, Taesun (Department of Geoenvironmental Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Shin, Dongbok (Department of Geoenvironmental Sciences, Kongju National University)
  • 염태선 (공주대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 신동복 (공주대학교 지질환경과학과)
  • Received : 2014.11.24
  • Accepted : 2014.12.31
  • Published : 2015.02.28
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Abstract

The geology of the Seungryung Zn deposit, located in the Muzu basin, consists of Precambrian leucocratic granitic gneiss, Cretaceous clastic rocks, pyroclastic rocks, and intrusive rocks. The deposit shows a weakly skarnized hydrothermal replacement ore developed along limestone bed in the gneiss. The mineralization can be divided into three stages: the early skarnization producing garnet and pyroxene, the main mineralization in the middle stage precipitating most metallic minerals such as magnetite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrrhotite, Pb-Ag-Bi-S system minerals, and the late stage for altered or low temperature minerals such as chlorite and marcasite. Pb-Ag-Bi-S system minerals include heyrovskite-eskimoite solid solution, lillianite-gustavite solid solution, and vikingite. Chalcopyrite diseases are quite common in sphalerite showing bead chains and dusting textures. The ${\delta}^{34}S$ values of sulfides minerals are concentrated within the narrow range of 3.4~4.1‰ for pyrite, 3.3~4.3‰ for sphalerite, 4.0~4.3‰ for chalcopyrite, and 2.8‰ for galena, suggesting that most sulfur is of igneous origin. Sulfur isotope geothermometry is calculated to be $346{\sim}431^{\circ}C$, implying that the mineralization occurred at relatively high temperature. FeS contents of sphalerite are relatively high in the range of 6.58~20.16 mole% (avg. 16.58 mole%) with the enrichment of Mn compared to Cd, similarly to representative skarn Pb-Zn deposits in South Korea. On the contrary, sphalerite from Au-Ag deposits in the Seolcheon mineralized zone around the Seungryung deposit is enriched in Cd, showing similar feature like representative epithermal Au-Ag deposits. This suggests that around the related igneous rocks, magnetite and sphalerite were produced at high temperature in the Seungryung deposit, and with decreasing temperature and compositional change of mineralizing fluids, Au-Ag mineralization proceeded in the Seolcheon mineralized zone.

무주분지에 발달하는 승륭 아연광상 주변 지질은 선캠브리아기의 우백질 화강편마암, 백악기 쇄설암, 화산쇄설암과 관입암체로 구성되며, 광상은 편마암내 편리를 따라 협재하는 석회암을 교대한 열수교대광상으로 스카른화작용을 미약하게 받았다. 광화작용은 석류석, 휘석과 같은 스카른 광물이 형성되는 초기와 자철석, 섬아연석, 황동석, 자류철석, Pb-Ag-Bi-S계 등의 금속 광물이 정출되는 중기, 그리고 녹니석과 백철석 등의 변질 광물 및 저온 광물이 형성되는 후기로 구분된다. 섬아연석의 경우 염주(bead chains)와 분말(dusting)조직 등의 황동석 병변조직이 특징적으로 나타나며, Pb-Ag-Bi-S계 광물로는 헤이로브스카이트-에스키모아이트 고용체, 릴리아나이트-구스터바이트 고용체, 그리고 비킨자이트 등이 산출된다. 황화광물의 ${\delta}^{34}S$ 값은 황철석 3.4~4.1‰, 섬아연석 3.3~4.3‰, 황동석 4.0~4.3‰, 그리고 방연석 2.8‰로서 비교적 좁은 범위를 나타내며 광상을 형성시킨 황이 마그마에서 유래되었음을 시사한다. 또한 동위원소 지질온도계를 적용한 생성온도는 $346{\sim}431^{\circ}C$로서 비교적 고온에서 광화작용이 진행된 것으로 보인다. 섬아연석의 FeS 함량은 6.58~20.16 mole%(평균 16.58 mole%)로 비교적 높은 편이며, 국내 주요 스카른 연-아연 광상들과 유사하게 Mn이 Cd에 비해 부화되어 나타난다. 반면, 주변 설천광화대 금-은 광상은 Cd가 부화되어 천열수 금-은 광상과 유사한 특징을 나타내는데 이는 관계화성암을 중심으로 고온에서 승륭광상의 자철석, 섬아연석이 정출되고 이후 온도가 감소하고 광화유체의 조성이 변하면서 주변 지역의 금-은 광화작용이 진행된 것으로 여겨진다.

Keywords

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