Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (아시아태평양암예방학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Dietary Aloe Vera Gel Powder and Extract Inhibit Azoxymethane-induced Colorectal Aberrant Crypt Foci in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet

  • Chihara, Takeshi (Division of Biochemistry, Fujita Memorial Nanakuri Institute, Fujita Health University) ;
  • Shimpo, Kan (Division of Biochemistry, Fujita Memorial Nanakuri Institute, Fujita Health University) ;
  • Kaneko, Takaaki (Division of Biochemistry, Fujita Memorial Nanakuri Institute, Fujita Health University) ;
  • Beppu, Hidehiko (Division of Biochemistry, Fujita Memorial Nanakuri Institute, Fujita Health University) ;
  • Higashiguchi, Takashi (Department of Surgery and Palliative Medicine, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University) ;
  • Sonoda, Shigeru (Division of Biochemistry, Fujita Memorial Nanakuri Institute, Fujita Health University) ;
  • Tanaka, Miyuki (Functional Food Research Department, Food Science and Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry) ;
  • Yamada, Muneo (Functional Food Research Department, Food Science and Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry) ;
  • Abe, Fumiaki (Functional Food Research Department, Food Science and Technology Institute, Morinaga Milk Industry)
  • Published : 2015.02.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Aloe vera gel exhibits protective effects against insulin resistance as well as lipid-lowering and anti-diabetic effects. The anti-diabetic compounds in this gel were identified as Aloe-sterols. Aloe vera gel extract (AVGE) containing Aloe-sterols has recently been produced using a new procedure. We previously reported that AVGE reduced large-sized intestinal polyps in Apc-deficient Min mice fed a high fat diet (HFD), suggesting that Aloe vera gel may protect against colorectal cancer. In the present study, we examined the effects of Aloe vera gel powder (AVGP) and AVGE on azoxymethane-induced colorectal preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in mice fed a HFD. Male C57BL/6J mice were given a normal diet (ND), HFD, HFD containing 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose solution, which was used as a solvent for AVGE (HFDC), HFD containing 3% or 1% AVGP, and HFDC containing 0.0125% (H-) or 0.00375% (L-) AVGE. The number of ACF was significantly lower in mice given 3% AVGP and H-AVGE than in those given HFD or HFDC alone. Moreover, 3% AVGP, H-AVGE and L-AVGE significantly decreased the mean Ki-67 labeling index, assessed as a measure of cell proliferation in the colonic mucosa. In addition, hepatic phase II enzyme glutathione S-transferase mRNA levels were higher in the H-AVGE group than in the HFDC group. These results suggest that both AVGP and AVGE may have chemopreventive effects on colorectal carcinogenesis under the HFD condition. Furthermore, the concentration of Aloe-sterols was similar between 3% AVGP and H-AVGE, suggesting that Aloe-sterols were the main active ingredients in this experiment.

Keywords

References

  1. Bird RP (1987). Observation and quantification of aberrant crypts in the murine colon treated with a colon carcinogen: preliminary findings. Cancer Lett, 37, 147-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3835(87)90157-1
  2. Boudreau MD, Beland FA (2006). An evaluation of the biological and toxicological properties of Aloe barbadensis (Miller), Aloe vera. J Environ Sci Health C Environ Carcinog Ecotoxicol Rev, 24, 103-54. https://doi.org/10.1080/10590500600614303
  3. Chihara T, Shimpo K, Beppu H, et al (2013). Reduction of intestinal polyp formation in Min mice fed a high-fat diet with Aloe vera gel extract. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 14, 4435-40. https://doi.org/10.7314/APJCP.2013.14.7.4435
  4. Day SD, Enos RT, McClellan JL, et al (2013). Linking inflammation to tumorigenesis in a mouse model of highfat-diet-enhanced colon cancer. Cytokine, 64, 454-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2013.04.031
  5. Endo H, Hosono K, Fujisawa T, et al (2009). Involvement of JNK pathway in the promotion of the early stage of colorectal carcinogenesis under high-fat dietary conditions. Gut, 58, 1637-43. https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.2009.183624
  6. Katsuki T, Hirata K, Ishikawa H, et al (2006). Aged garlic extract has chemopreventive effects on 1,2-dimethylhydrazineinduced colon tumors in rats. J Nutr, 136, 847S-51S.
  7. Kaya E, Geylan A, Kara N, Guven H, Yildiz L (2007). The effect of L-glutamine on mucosal healing in experimental colitis is superior to short-chain fatty acids. Turk J Gastroenterol, 18, 89-94.
  8. Misawa E, Tanaka M, Nomaguchi K, et al (2008). Administration of phytosterols isolated from Aloe vera gel reduce visceral fat mass and improve hyperglycemia in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Obes Res Clin Pract, 2, 239-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2008.06.002
  9. Misawa E, Tanaka M, Nabeshima K, et al (2012a). Administration of dried Aloe vera gel powder reduced body fat mass in diet-induced obesity (DIO) rats. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol, 58, 195-201. https://doi.org/10.3177/jnsv.58.195
  10. Misawa E, Tanaka M, Nomaguchi K, et al (2012b). Oral ingestion of Aloe vera phytosterols alters hepatic gene expression profiles and ameliorates obesity-associated metabolic disorders in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. J Agric Food Chem, 60, 2799-806. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf204465j
  11. Nomaguchi K, Tanaka M, Misawa E, et al (2011). Aloe vera phytosterols act as ligands for PPAR and improve the expression levels of PPAR target genes in the livers of mice with diet-induced obesity. Obes Res Clin Pract, 5, 190-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orcp.2011.01.002
  12. Padidar S, Farquharson AJ, Williams LM, et al (2012). High-fat diet alters gene expression in the liver and colon : Links to increased development of aberrant crypt foci. Dig Dis Sci, 57, 1866-74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-012-2092-9
  13. Perez YY, Jimenez-Ferrer E, Zamilpa A, et al (2007). Effect of a polyphenol-rich extract from Aloe vera gel on experimentally induced insulin resistance in mice. Am J Chin Med, 35, 1037-46. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X07005491
  14. Rajasekaran S, Ravi K, Sivagnanam K, Subramanian S (2006). Beneficial effects of Aloe vera leaf gel extract on lipid profile status in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 33, 232-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.2006.04351.x
  15. Rosenberg DW, Giardina C, Tanaka T (2009). Mouse models for the study of colon carcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis, 30, 183-96.
  16. Shimpo K, Chihara T, Beppu H, et al (2001). Inhibition of azoxymethane-induced aberrant crypt foci formation in rat colorectum by whole leaf Aloe arborescens Miller var. natalensis Berger. Phytother Res, 15, 705-11. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.826
  17. Shimpo K, Chihara T, Beppu H, et al (2003). Inhibition of azoxymethane-induced DNA adduct formation by Aloe arborescens var. natalensis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 4, 247-51.
  18. Singh RP, Dhanalakshmi S, Rao AR (2000). Chemomodulatory action of Aloe vera on the profiles of enzymes associated with carcinogen metabolism and antioxidant status regulation in mice. Phytomedicine, 7, 209-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0944-7113(00)80006-9
  19. Sung M-K, Yeon J-Y, Park S-Y, Park JHY, Choi M-S (2011). Obesity-induced metabolic stresses in breast and colon cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1229, 61-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06094.x
  20. Sunkara R, Verghese M, Panala V, et al (2008). Chemopreventive potential of Cranberries on azoxymethane induced aberrant crypt foci in Fisher 344 male rats. Int J Cancer Res, 4, 52-60. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijcr.2008.52.60
  21. Tanaka M, Misawa E, Ito Y, et al (2006). Identification of five phytosterols from Aloe vera gel as anti-diabetic compounds. Biol Pharm Bull, 29, 1418-22. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.29.1418
  22. Tanaka M, Yamada M, Toida T, Iwatsuki K (2012). Safety evalution of supercritical carbon dioxide extract of Aloe vera gel. J Food Sci, 71, 2-9.
  23. Waly MI, Al-Rawahi AS, Riyami MA, et al (2014). Amelioration of azoxymethane induced-carcinogenesis by reducing oxidative stress in rat colon by natural extracts. BMC Complement Altern Med, 14, 60. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6882-14-60