Resources Recycling (자원리싸이클링)

The Korean Institute of Resources Recycling (한국자원리싸이클링학회)
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The Effect of NH3 Concentration during Co-precipitation of Precursors from Leachate of Lithium-ion Battery Positive Electrode Active Materials

리튬이차전지 양극활물질의 암모니아 침출액에서 공침법에 의한 활물질 전구체의 합성에 대한 암모니아 농도의 영향

  • Park, Sanghyuk (Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University) ;
  • Ku, Heesuk (Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University) ;
  • Lee, Kyoung-Joon (Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Advanced Batteries Research Center) ;
  • Song, Jun Ho (Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Advanced Batteries Research Center) ;
  • Kim, Sookyung (Urban Mine Department, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Sohn, Jeongsoo (Urban Mine Department, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Kwon, Kyungjung (Department of Energy and Mineral Resources Engineering, Sejong University)
  • 박상혁 (세종대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 구희숙 (세종대학교 에너지자원공학과) ;
  • 이경준 (전자부품연구원 차세대전지센터) ;
  • 송준호 (전자부품연구원 차세대전지센터) ;
  • 김수경 (한국지질자원연구원) ;
  • 손정수 (한국지질자원연구원) ;
  • 권경중 (세종대학교 에너지자원공학과)
  • Received : 2015.06.05
  • Accepted : 2015.10.19
  • Published : 2015.12.30
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Abstract

In a recycling scheme of spent lithium ion batteries, a co-precipitation process for the re-synthesis of precursor is essential after the leaching of lithium ion battery scraps. In this study, the effect of ammonia as impurity during the co-precipitation process was investigated in order to re-synthesize a precursor of Ni-rich cathode active material $LiNi_{0.6}Co_{0.2}Mn_{0.2}O_2$ (NCM 622). As ammonia concentration increases from 1 M (the optimum condition for synthesis of the precursors based on 2 M of metal salt solution) to 4 M, the composition of obtained precursors deviates from the designed composition, most notably for Ni. The Ni co-precipitation efficiency gradually decreases from 100% to 87% when the concentration of ammonia solution increases from 1 M to 4 M. Meanwhile, the morphological properties of the obtained precursors such as sphericity, homogeneity and size distribution of particles were also investigated.

폐리튬이차전지 양극재 재활용기술에 있어 침출과정을 통해 회수된 유가금속을 다시 원하는 조성의 전구체로 재합성하는 공침공정은 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 고용량 특성의 Ni-rich 조성인 $LiNi_{0.6}Co_{0.2}Mn_{0.2}O_2$ (NCM 622) 양극재의 전구체 재합성 시 암모니아가 불순물로서 미치는 영향을 확인하는 공침실험을 수행하였다. SEM 및 EDS 분석결과 양극재 전구체 최적 합성조건(금속염 용액 농도 2 M 기준 암모니아수 농도 1 M)에서 암모니아 농도가 증가할수록 원하는 조성의 전구체가 제조되지 않음을 확인하였다. Ni의 설계함량인 60 mol%를 기준하여 암모니아수 농도 1 M ~ 4 M 조건에서 각각 100%, 98%, 95%, 87%에 해당하는 공침효율을 보여주었다. 또한 제조된 전구체 입자들의 구형화도, 균일도 및 크기분포특성 등의 형상학적 특징을 확인하였다.

Keywords

References

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