Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회논문지)

Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering (한국화재소방학회)
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How Empowerment and Social Support Affect Occupational Stress of Firefighters

임파워먼트와 사회적지지가 소방공무원의 직무스트레스에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2015.10.06
  • Accepted : 2015.12.09
  • Published : 2015.12.31
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Abstract

This study surveyed 230 firefighters working in Dae Gu City and Kyung Sang Buk Do in order to analyze the influence of social support and empowerment on occupational stress and its sub-categories. The study results show that occupational stress is reduced for firefighters when there is more social support and empowerment. For subcategory variables of occupational stress, occupational autonomy stress was influenced only by empowerment. Stress related to lack of compensation and stress from the organization's culture were influenced the most greatly by social support. The weekly fre quency of emergency mobilization and years of working were also found to influence occupational stress and its subcategory variables. The group difference analysis revealed that the fire department had a significantly higher occupational stress than the first-aid department, and 4 to 7 weekly emergency mobilizations corresponded to significantly higher occupational stress than 8 or more weekly emergency mobilizations. Based on the study results, stress management programs focused on increasing social support and empowerment for firefighters are suggested.

본 연구는 소방공무원들의 임파워먼트 수준과 사회적지지 수준이 직무스트레스와 직무스트레스 하위요인들에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 대구 경북지역 소방공무원 230명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과는 전체 조사대상 소방공무원들의 사회적지지 수준이 높을수록, 임파워먼트 수준이 높을수록 직무스트레스는 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 직무스트레스 하위요인들 중 특히 직무자율성은 임파워먼트에 의해서만 영향을 받았고 보상부적절과 직장문화는 사회적지지의 영향을 가장 크게 받았다. 그 외 근무경력과 출동횟수가 직무스트레스와 직무스트레스 하위요인들에 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수로 나타났다. 직무특성에 따른 집단별 직무스트레스 수준에 대한 분석의 결과는 화재분야가 구급분야보다 유의하게 높은 직무스트레스를 보였으며 주당 4-7회 출동횟수가 주당 8회 이상 출동횟수보다 유의하게 높은 직무스트레스를 나타내었다. 연구결과에 따라 사회적지지와 임파워먼트 증대를 초점으로 하는 직무스트레스와 세부직무스트레스 관리 프로그램 개발을 제안하였다.

Keywords

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