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Effect to the Copper System Pigments by the Nitrogen Dioxide(NO2) Gas

이산화질소(NO2)가 구리(Cu)계통 안료에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Ji Won (Department of Conservation Science, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Lee, Hwa Soo (Department of Conservation Science, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Lee, Han Hyeong (Traditional Technique and Material Bank, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Kim, Myoung Nam (Conservation Science Division, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage) ;
  • Kang, Dai Ill (Department of Conservation Science, Korea National University of Cultural Heritage)
  • 김지원 (한국전통문화대학교 보존과학과) ;
  • 이화수 (한국전통문화대학교 보존과학과) ;
  • 이한형 (한국전통문화대학교 전통기술소재은행) ;
  • 김명남 (국립문화재연구소 보존과학연구실) ;
  • 강대일 (한국전통문화대학교 보존과학과)
  • Received : 2015.10.26
  • Accepted : 2015.11.28
  • Published : 2015.12.20

Abstract

Malachite and Azurite are the typical copper system pigments which used the mural paintings since ancient times. The mural painting is at risk for damages of the painting layer by atmosphere gas because it is exposed at external environment. In this study, it did experiment about an effect to Malachite and Azurite by environmental pollution gas($NO_2$, $CO_2$, $SO_2$) then analysis and estimate about test for pieces using mural painting colored that two pigments. As a result, Malachite and Azurite were changed on $NO_2$ but not changed $CO_2$ and $SO_2$. Especially as the concentration of $NO_2$ is increased, exfoliation of the pigment layer weave remarkably formed pores on the pigment particles on SEM, the phenomenon to be pieces were observed together with smaller particles. In the case of Malachite that were exposed to $NO_2$ gas, new compounds(Rouaite : dicopper (nitrate(V) trihydroxide, $Cu_2(NO_3)(OH)_3$)) was appeared by XRD analysis. Therefore, there had been able to verify the fact that the cause exfoliation and discoloration phenomena accompanied by chemical changes for Malachite and Azurite.

석록(Malachite)과 석청(Azurite)은 대표적인 구리계통 안료이며, 고대부터 벽화에 널리 사용되어왔다. 사찰 등의 벽화는 외부환경에 노출되어 있으므로 대기가스의 영향으로 인해 채색층 손상이 발생될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 대기가스가 토벽화에 채색된 석록과 석청에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 의사시편을 제작하고 대기가스($NO_2$, $CO_2$, $SO_2$)에 의한 물질변화 양상을 분석하였다. 실험 결과, 석록과 석청은 $CO_2$$SO_2$환경에서 눈에 띄는 변화를 나타내지 않았으나 $NO_2$환경에서는 큰 변화를 보였다. 특히 $NO_2$의 농도가 높아질수록 안료층의 박락현상이 두드러졌으며, 주사전자현미경 상에서는 안료입자에 기공이 형성되면서 더 작은 입자로 부스러지는 현상이 함께 관찰되었다. 또한 $NO_2$환경에 노출시킨 석록의 경우에는 XRD분석에서 새로운 화합물(Rouaite : dicopper(nitrate(V) trihydroxide, $Cu_2(NO_3)(OH)_3$))이 동정되어 $NO_2$가스가 석록과 석청에 대하여 화학적 변화를 동반한 박락 및 변색 현상을 일으킨다는 사실을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

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Cited by

  1. Mineral Compositions of Korean Dancheong Pigment Products using Quantitative XRD vol.32, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12654/JCS.2016.32.3.11