원예과학기술지 (Horticultural Science & Technology)

  • 제33권6호
  • /
  • Pages.829-838
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  • 2015
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  • 1226-8763(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2465-8588(eISSN)
한국원예학회 (Korean Society of Horticultural Science)
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광계II 활성 분석을 통한 마늘의 생육초기 고온 스트레스의 영향 평가

Assessment of High Temperature Impacts on Early Growth of Garlic Plant (Allium sativum L.) through Monitoring of Photosystem II Activities

  • 오순자 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 온난화대응농업연구소) ;
  • 문경환 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 온난화대응농업연구소) ;
  • 고석찬 (제주대학교 생물학과)
  • Oh, Soonja (Agricultural Research Institute for Climate Change, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Moon, Kyung Hwan (Agricultural Research Institute for Climate Change, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Koh, Seok Chan (Department of Biology, Jeju National University)
  • 투고 : 2015.05.04
  • 심사 : 2015.06.22
  • 발행 : 2015.12.31
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초록

본 연구는 마늘의 초기생장에 미치는 온도의 영향을 살펴보기 위하여 맹아가 출현된 마늘의 인편을 온도를 달리하여 재배하고, 마늘의 생육특성, 광계II 활성과 항산화효소의 발현 양상을 살펴보았다. 마늘의 생육은 $15-25^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 양호하여 지상부의 생장과 엽수가 빠르게 발달하였다. 특히, 지상부와 인경의 건중량과 전체 건중량이 $20^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높았으며, 그보다 높은 온도에서는 지상부, 인경과 뿌리의 건중량이, 그리고 낮은 온도에서는 지상부의 건중량이 크게 감소하였다. $F_v/F_o$와 $F_v/F_m$ 또한 $15-20^{\circ}C$에서 높았으며 그 이상의 온도에서 크게 감소하였다. OKJIP 곡선의 패턴에서도 $15-20^{\circ}C$에서 $F_i$, $F_p$가 다소 증가하고, $25^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서는 점차 감소하였으며, $F_k$와 $W_k$는 $30^{\circ}C$에서 뚜렷하게 증가하였다. 그리고, 항산화효소들 중에 잎의 catalase와 superoxide dismutase, 그리고 뿌리의 peroxidase는 $20-25^{\circ}C$에서 높고 $30^{\circ}C$에서 크게 낮았다. 이러한 결과는 $30^{\circ}C$ 조건이 마늘의 초기생장에 있어 스트레스 요인으로 작용하고 있으며, $20^{\circ}C$ 전후에서 재배하는 것이 바람직함을 나타내 주고 있다. 그리고, $F_v/F_o$, $F_v/F_m$, $F_k$, $ET_o/CS_m$, $PI_{abs}$ 등의 엽록소형광 변수들은 마늘의 전체 건중량과 의미있는 상관을 보여, 마늘 생산성을 사전에 예측하는데 유용한 변수로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

Garlic (Allium sativum L.), one of the oldest cultivated crops, is the most widely used Allium species belonging to the family Lilliaceae. In this study, growth characteristics, photosystem II activity, and antioxidative enzyme activity were investigated in five temperatures ($10-30^{\circ}C$) during early growth stage of garlic to determine the optimum temperature for cultivation and assess the effects of high temperature on early growth of garlic. Vegetative growth (e.g., shoot height, number of leaves) of garlic plants was greater in the temperature ranges of $15-25^{\circ}C$. However, dry weight (of shoot, bulb, and total plant) of garlic was significantly greater at $20^{\circ}C$, compared to either below or above $20^{\circ}C$. $F_v/F_o$ and $F_v/F_m$ values were highest at $15-20^{\circ}C$, and decreased above $25^{\circ}C$. The chlorophyll a fluorescence induction OKJIP transient was also considerably affected by high temperature; the fluorescence yields $F_i$ and $F_P$ decreased considerably above $25^{\circ}C$, with the increase of $F_k$ and $W_k$. Activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in leaves and peroxidase in roots were high in $20-25^{\circ}C$, and decreased significantly in $30^{\circ}C$. These results indicate that a growth temperature of $30^{\circ}C$ inhibits early growth of garlic and that it is desirable to culture garlic plants near $20^{\circ}C$. Fluorescence parameters such a $F_v/F_o$, $F_v/F_m$, $F_k$, $ET_o/CS_m$, and $PI_{abs}$ were significantly correlated with dry weight of whole garlic plants (p < 0.01), indicating that these fluorescence parameters can be used for early assessment of high temperature effects even though the damage to the plant is not very severe.

키워드

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