• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.475-483
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• 2000

Normally, aerobic cells are protected from the damage of free radicals by antioxidative enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) peroxidase and GSH-S-transferase. In this study, we have investigate the effect of egg yolk protein hydrolysates on antioxidative activity and the activity of antioxidative enzyme in cultured hepatocytes (Chang). Without the pretreatment with hydrolysate, about 50% of the hepatocytes were killed within 2h by 225$\mu$M tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP). By contrast, fewer than 20% of the 5 K hydrolysate (permeate from 5 kDa membrane and not passed through 1 kDa membrane)-pretreated hepatocytes were killed by the same concentrations of t-BHP. In addition, the activities of catalase, GSH peroxidase and GSH-transferase were significantly increasing with the treatment of 5 K hydrolysate. These results suggest that 5 K hydrolysate exerts antioxidative effect by increasing activity of antioxidative enzymes.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.860-868
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• 2014

The study was performed to investigate changes in hematological responses and antioxidative enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT) of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica following exposure to 0 (control), 2.33, 4.60, 6,64 and 8.78 mM nitrite-N in fresh water for 48 h. Hematological parameters such as plasma nitrite, electrolytes, cortisol, glucose, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), hemoglobin (Hb), methemoglobin (metHb) and NADH-methemoglobin reductase (NMR) were measured. Plasma nitrite, cortisol, metHb and NMR increased directly with increasing ambient nitrite concentration, while Hb content showed a progressive decline. Levels of plasma potassium, GOT and GPT of the eel exposed to 6.64 mM ambient nitrite were significantly higher than the control fish. The activity of SOD and CAT in plasma, gill and liver of the eel following exposure to nitrite were augmented by increasing ambient nitrite. Levels of plasma nitrite, metHb, NMR, cortisol, glucose and antioxidative enzyme activities of the eel exposed to 2.33 mM ambient nitrite were significantly higher than the control fish. This study suggested that the eel acutely exposed to elevated ambient nitrite causes nitrite-induced stress responses, changes in antioxidative enzyme activities and hematological parameters.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the extracts of Daucus carota L. could lead to a beneficial outcomes on serum lipid and antioxidative enzyme activity in ovariectomized rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one control and three diet groups; carrot seed, carrot root and estrogen after ovariectomy operation. Experimental diets were fed for 8 weeks. The GOT activity was decreased in the carrot extracts treated group than in the control group. The carrot seed extracts treated group showed the lowest SOD and catalase activities compare to other groups. Serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decreased in the carrot seed extracts group than in the control group. From these results, it suggest that carrot seed extracts positively influenced on serum lipid and antioxidative enzyme activity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1153-1159
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• 1997

We investigated the effects of vitamin E supplementation on lipid peroxidation and on the activities of antioxidative enzymes in kidney of KK mice of various age and duration of diabetes. Weaned KK mice were fed high fat a diet containing 20% corn oil(wt/wt), and were sacrificed at 4, 6, and 9 months of age. The high vitamin E diet consisted of the high fat diet supplemented with an excessive amount of dl-$\alpha$-tocopheryl acetate (2080 IU/kg diet) . In the diabetic groups, we found an increase in lipofuscin and decrease in antioxidative enzyme activities with aging. Treatment with vitamin E did not modify the level of fasting blood glucose. However, a significant decrease in lipofuscin and increase in antioxidative enzyme acitvities were observed in diabetic mice.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.128-136
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• 1994

Mackerel muscle protein hydrolysates, which were prepared from defatted mackerel meal by proteases such as complex enzyme, alcalase, bromelain, pancrease, pepsin, w-chymotrypsin, trypsin and papain, were tested for the antioxidative action against linoleic acid. Among proteases tested, the hydrolysates obtained from the treatment of complex enzyme, bromelain and alcalase showed higher antioxidative effects. Also, the hydrolysates showed the synergistic effects with o-tocopherol and the inhibitory effects for peroxidation of metal ions(Fe3+, Cua+) From the profiles of fractionation of the hydrolysates with Bio-gel P-2 column, the most active fractions, part I(complex enzyme-derived) and part e(bromelain-derived), had below MW 1,400 and the antioxidative effects were closely related to the binding capacity with metal ion(Cua+). Amno acid composition of the part I was abundant in histidine, arginine, phenylalanine and lysine, and the part e was abundant in lysine, glutamic acid and leucine.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.323-328
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• 2009

Cryotin F could be used for hydrolyzing shrimp byproducts into bioactive ingredients, which could be used as value-added products. The objective of this study was to investigate the optimum condition for antioxidative activities of the enzymatic hydrolysate produced with Cryotin F using response surface methodology with central composite rotatable design. Shrimp byproducts (shells and heads) were hydrolyzed with Cryotin F. The experimental ranges of the independent variables for 20 experimental runs were 28.2-61.8${^{\circ}C}$ reaction temperature, pH 6-10 and 0.5-5.5% enzyme concentration. The degree of hydrolysis for the reaction products was measured. Their antioxidative activities were measured using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity and Fe-chelating activity. The experimental method with central composite rotatable design was well designed to investigate the optimum condition for biofunctional ingredients with antioxidative activities using Cryotin F because of their high R2 values of 0.97 and 0.95 for DPPH-scavenging activity and Fe-chelating activity, respectively. Change in enzyme concentration did not significantly affect their antioxidative activities (p<0.05). Both DPPH scavenging activity and chelating activity against Fe for the enzyme hydrolysates were more affected by the pH of enzyme hydrolysis than by their action temperature. DPPH-scavenging activity was higher at acidic pH than alkali pH, while chelating activity against Few was inversely affected. Hydrolysate of shrimp byproducts showed high antioxidative activities depending on the treatment condition, so the optimum treatment of enzymatic hydrolysate with Cryotin F and other proteases can be applied to shrimp byproducts (shells) and other protein sources for biofunctional ingredients.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2004

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of iron supplementation on iron-deficiency-related indices, oxidative stress and antioxidative enzyme activity in female marathoners. Fourteen teenage female marathoners participated in the study. Subjects were divided into two groups: mild anemic and control, depending on their hemoglobin (Hb) level. The mild anemic group had significantly lower RBC count and hematocrit (Hct) and Hb levels compared to the control group. The mild anemic group (〈12.5g Hb/dI, n=7) was given iron supplements (60mg Fe/day) for four weeks during the summer training period. RBC count, Hct and Hb levels showed an increasing tendency through iron supplementation, and significant differences in these variables between the anemic and control groups disappeared in the post-period. There was no difference in plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) between the anemic and control groups. However, catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity were significantly higher in the anemic group. The significant difference in enzyme activity between the groups disappeared in the post-period. In addition, superoxide dismutase activity significantly decreased after iron supplementation. In conclusion, antioxidative enzyme activity was up-regulated in an anemic condition and mild iron supplementation decreased the antioxidant enzyme activity of female marathoners while improving their anemic condition.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2001

To investigate the deaging effects of introperitoneally injected Chondroitin Sulfate (CS) on various enzyme activity (AST, ALT, MDA (Malon dialdehyde), SOD (Superoxide dismutase), GPx (Glutathione peroxidases) and histophathology of liver tissue, ovariectomized rats were used. The antioxidative effects of chondroitin sulfate (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight) were investigated at the antioxidative enzyme activities of liver homogenate fractions (liver total homogenate, mitochondrial, and microsomal fractions) and sera. In addition, the rat liver was histologically examined. Intraperitoneally injected CS, depend on dosage, indicated a protective effect against ovariectomy-inducted aging. Moreover, inflammation and cirrhosis in liver tissue of CS treated group were significantly decreased. Based on these results, intraperitoneally injected CS is a useful material to delay aging.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.229-234
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• 2007

We investigated antioxidative activity of the water and ethanol extracts of leaves of Acanthopanax divaricatus var. albeofructus in human dermal fibroblast (HDFs) irradiated by UVA. The irradiation of UVA did not affect the cell viability of HDFs. The antioxidative activity of the extract was investigated by xylenol orange, TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) and antioxidant enzyme assay. Both extracts showed H202 scavenging activity and inhibited lipid peroxidation in HDF cells irradiated by UVA. The extracts also recovered enzyme activity in the same cells.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.153-158
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin E supplementation on the lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidative enzymes in the pancreas of diabetic KK mice. KK mice were fed high ft diet containing 20% corn oil(wt/wt), and sacrificed at 2 months of diabetes. A hish vitamin E diet consisted of the high fat diet supplemented with an excessive amount of 이-$\alpha$-tocopheryl acetate (2080IU/kg diet). The incidence of diabetes mellitus was 61% when mice were fed the high fat diet, but was 44% when mice were fed the high vitamin E diet, Vitamin E supplementation fhus seems to have the effect of decreasing of decreasing the onset of diaetes. In the diabetic group, we found increases of MDA (malondialdehyde) and antioxidative enzyme activities. Treatment with vitamin E did not modify the level of fasting blood glucose. However, MDA and antiosicative enzyme activities in diabetic mice were decreased by the high vitamin E diet. Increased levels of lipid peroxidation products suggests the occurrence of oxidative damage in the pancreas of diabetic mice. The increased level of antiosicative enzyme activities could be due to an adaptive response to conditions of increased peroxidative stress. Significant normalization on catalase activity was noted in vitamin E supplemented animals.