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Influences of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Soybean and Rice Growth

다환방향족탄화수소가 콩과 벼의 생육에 미치는 영향

  • Kim, Young-Ju (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Shim, Doo-Bo (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Song, Sun-Hwa (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Seok-Hyeon (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Chung, Jong-Il (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Min-Chul (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Chung, Jeong-Sung (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Hyung-Gon (Department of Horticulture and Landscape, Paichai University) ;
  • Shim, Sang-In (Department of Agronomy, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 김영주 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 농학과) ;
  • 심두보 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 농학과) ;
  • 송선화 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 농학과) ;
  • 김석현 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 농학과) ;
  • 정종일 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 농학과) ;
  • 김민철 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 농학과) ;
  • 정정성 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 농학과) ;
  • 김형곤 (배재대학교 원예조경학부) ;
  • 심상인 (경상대학교 농업생명과학대학 농학과)
  • Received : 2014.04.03
  • Accepted : 2014.05.14
  • Published : 2014.06.30

Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of ubiquitous hazardous pollutants derived from fossil fuel, various combustion sources and pyrolysis of a wide range of plastics. Because PAHs can be uptake into crop plants, the inhibitory effects on rice and soybean plants were examined in greenhouse and growth chamber experiment. Soil-applied PAHs (phenanthrene of 0, 10, 30, 100 ppm) slightly reduced the plant height and dry weight both in transplanted rice and soybean plant. The inhibitory effect on growth was greater in soybean than rice. Plant height of soybean plants treated by 100 ppm was 58.9 cm and this value was 87.2% of untreated plant. In rice plant, the plant height was less inhibited (96.0% of untreated plant) by 100 ppm at 80 days after treatment (DAT). However, leaf chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence were less inhibited by PAHs at late growth stage (after heading) although the photosynthesis-related parameters were slightly inhibited from 20 DAT to 70 DAT. In agar medium experiment with infant seedlings, inhibition of seedling length and fresh weight by phenanthrene at 100 ppm were greater as compared to the experiment with adult plant in pot. Seedling length and fresh weight were reduced by 54.2% and 33.3% for rice and 27.9% and 13.2% for soybean, respectively. The results reflected that PAHs were more inhibitory during juvenile stage than adult stage and more inhibitory to rice plant than soybean for juvenile stage.

화석연료의 연소나 유류 오염 등으로 인해 발생하는 PAHs는 우리 주변 어디에서나 존재하는 위험한 오염물질 중 하나로, 생태계에 영향을 끼치며 작물 생육에도 영향을 준다. PAHs는 작물에서도 흡수가 가능하기 때문에, 작물생육에 대한 저해 효과를 알아보기 위해 콩과 벼에 대한 영향을 유묘기부터 검정하였다. PAHs가 처리된 토양에서 자란 벼와 콩의 초장과 건물중은 다소 감소하였고, 벼보다 콩에서 생장 저해가 강하게 발생되었다. 토양에 100 ppm 농도에서 처리된 경우 콩의 초장은 58.9 cm로 처리되지 않은 콩의 87.2% 값을 보였다. 벼의 경우, 처리 후 80일 100 ppm에서 자란 벼가 처리되지 않은 벼의 96.0% 값을 보여, 초장에 있어서 저해 효과가 낮게 나타났다. 광합성과 관련된 엽록소 함량과 엽록소 형광은 PAHs 처리 후 20일부터 70일까지 저해가 약간 되었지만, 출수기 이후는 저해 정도가 약하게 나타났다. 어린 유묘의 한천 배지 실험은 100 ppm phenanthrene 농도일 때, 성숙한 작물의 폿트 실험과 비교시 유묘 길이와 생체중의 저해가 높게 나타났다. 벼에서는 유묘 길이와 생체중이 각 각 54.2%, 33.3% 감소하였고, 콩에서는 각 각 27.9%, 13.2% 감소되었다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 PAHs은 성숙기보다 영양 생장 초기에 저해가 높게 발생하며, 영양생장기의 피해는 콩보다 벼에서 저해가 높게 발생하였다.

Keywords

References

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