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Design and Implementation of a Low-Complexity and High-Throughput MIMO Symbol Detector Supporting up to 256 QAM

256 QAM까지 지원 가능한 저 복잡도 고 성능의 MIMO 심볼 검파기의 설계 및 구현

  • Lee, Gwang-Ho (School of Electronics, Telecommunication and Computer Engineering, Korea Aerospace University) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Hwan (School of Electronics, Telecommunication and Computer Engineering, Korea Aerospace University)
  • 이광호 (한국항공대학교 항공전자 및 정보통신공학부) ;
  • 김태환 (한국항공대학교 항공전자 및 정보통신공학부)
  • Received : 2014.04.02
  • Accepted : 2014.06.02
  • Published : 2014.06.25

Abstract

This paper presents a low-complexity and high-throughput symbol detector for two-spatial-stream multiple-input multiple-output systems based on the modified maximum-likelihood symbol detection algorithm. In the proposed symbol detector, the cost function is calculated incrementally employing a multi-cycle architecture so as to eliminate the complex multiplications for each symbol, and the slicing operations are performed hierarchically according to the range of constellation points by a pipelined architecture. The proposed architecture exhibits low hardware complexity while supporting complicated modulations such as 256 QAM. In addition, various modulations and antenna configurations are supported flexibly by reconfiguring the pipeline for the slicing operation. The proposed symbol detector is implemented with 38.7K logic gates in a $0.11-{\mu}m$ CMOS process and its throughput is 166 Mbps for $2{\times}$3 16-QAM and 80Mbps for $2{\times}3$ 64-QAM where the operating frequency is 478 MHz.

본 논문에서는 두 개의 공간 스트림을 갖는 multiple-input multiple-output 시스템을 위한 modified maximum-likelihood 심볼 검파 알고리즘 기반의 저 복잡도 고 성능의 심볼 검파기의 구조를 제시하고 이를 구현한 결과를 보인다. 제안하는 심볼 검파기에서는 비용함수 계산 과정에서의 각 심볼 별로 병렬적으로 계산되던 곱셈 연산을 멀티 사이클 기반의 점증적인 덧셈 연산으로 대체하였다. 또한 양자화 과정을 파이프 라인 구조를 적용하여 성상의 범위에 따라 단계적으로 수행할 수 있게 구현하였다. 그 결과 제안하는 심볼 검파기는 256 QAM과 같이 복잡한 변조 방식을 지원하면서도 하드웨어 복잡도가 낮다. 양자화 과정의 파이프 라인을 재구성함으로써 여러 변조 방식과 안테나 환경에서의 심볼 검파를 유연하게 지원한다. 설계된 심볼 검파기는 $0.11-{\mu}m$ CMOS 공정의 라이브러리를 사용하여 최대 478 MHz의 동작주파수에서 38.7K의 논리 게이트로 구현되어 16 QAM에서 166Mbps, 64 QAM에서 80 Mbps의 처리량을 달성한다.

Keywords

References

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