Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention (아시아태평양암예방학회)
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Apoptosis Induction in MV4-11 and K562 Human Leukemic Cells by Pereskia sacharosa (Cactaceae) Leaf Crude Extract

  • Asmaa, Mat Jusoh Siti (Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia) ;
  • Al-Jamal, Hamid Ali Nagi (Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia) ;
  • Ang, Cheng Yong (Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia) ;
  • Asan, Jamaruddin Mat (Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia) ;
  • Seeni, Azman (Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia) ;
  • Johan, Muhammad Farid (Department of Haematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia)
  • Published : 2014.01.15
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Abstract

Background: Pereskia sacharosa is a genus of cacti widely used in folk medicine for cancer-related treatment. Anti-proliferative effects have been studied in recent years against colon, breast, cervical and lung cancer cell lines, with promising results. We here extended study of anti-proliferative effects to a blood malignancy, leukemia. Materials and Methods: Two leukemic cell lines, MV4-11 (acute myeloid leukemia) and K562 (chronic myeloid leukemia), were studied. $IC_{50}$ concentrations were determined and apoptosis and cell cycle regulation were studied by flow cytometric analysis. The expression of apoptosis and cell-cycle related regulatory proteins was assessed by Western blotting. Results: P sacharosa inhibited growth of MV4-11 and K562 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The mode of cell death was via induction of intrinsic apoptotic pathways and cell cycle arrest. There was profound up-regulation of cytochrome c, caspases, p21 and p53 expression and repression of Akt and Bcl-2 expression in treated cells. Conclusions: These results suggest that P sacharosa induces leukemic cell death via apoptosis induction and changes in cell cycle checkpoint, thus deserves further study for anti-leukemic potential.

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