Journal of Forest and Environmental Science

Institute of Forest Science, kangwon National University (강원대학교 산림과학연구소)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Enhancing Production of Terpenoids in Metabolically Engineered Transgenic Spearmint (Mentha spicata L.) by Salt and Fungal Elicitors

  • Choi, Myung Suk (Department of Forest Environmental Resources & Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Park, Dong Jin (Department of Forest Environmental Resources & Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Song, Hyun Jin (Department of Forest Environmental Resources & Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Min, Ji Yun (Sancheong Oriental Medicinal Herb Institute) ;
  • Kang, Seung Mi (Department of Forest Research, Gyeongsangnam-do Forest Environment Research Institute) ;
  • Lee, Chong Kyu (Department of Forest Resources, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Cho, Kye Man (Department of Food Science, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Karigar, Chandrakant (Department of Studies & Research in Biochemistry, Tumkur University) ;
  • Kim, Ho Kyoung (Herbal Medicine Resources Group, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM)) ;
  • Kang, Young Min (Herbal Medicine Resources Group, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM))
  • Received : 2013.10.28
  • Accepted : 2014.01.08
  • Published : 2014.05.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Forest tree species usually takes for long periods to be harvested and cultivated but spearmints are a good model system for woody plant because of reducing and shortening cultivation time. Spearmints are good model plants (Mentha species) for research about terpenoids production and industrial essential oil manufacture. Isopentenyl pyrophosphate isomerase (Iso) and limonene synthase (Limo) are the key enzymes of terpenoid biosynthesis pathway. Transgenic and wild spearmints (Mentha spicata, MS) were cultured in vitro and assessed for the essential oil contents. The content of essential oil of transgenic spearmint also was enhanced slightly depending on the target terpenoid genes. In an attempt to increase productivity of terpenoids further, salt and fungal elicitation strategy was adopted on transgenic Mentha spicata. The salt (800 mM NaCl) as abiotic and two fungi (Botrytis cinerea and Glomerella cingulata) as biotic were used for elicitors. In the absence of salt stress four terpenoids were detected from the spearmint extracts, all of them being monoterpenes. On the other hand, the transgenic (MSIso) extracts contained eleven terpenoids (10 monoterpenes and 1 phenylpropene) while transgenic (MSLimo) extracts contained seven monoterpenes. After 3 days of fungal infection, the resistance indices further increased to 4.38, 3.89 and 2.04 for wild type, MSIso and MSLimo, respectively. The salt and fungal elicitators proved beneficial towards modifying both the terpenoids profile and improvement in the composition of essential oil. These results have important applications for the large-scale production of essential oils and forest biotechnology with respect to spearmint.

Keywords

References

  1. Abraham WR, Washausen P, Wieslich KK. 1987. Microbial hydroxylation of cedrol and cedrene. Z Naturforsch 42C: 414-419.
  2. Aoki T, O'Donnell K, Homma Y, Lattanzi AR. 2003. Suddendeath syndrome of soybean is caused by two morphologically and phylogenetically distinct species within the Fusarium solani species complex--F. virguliforme in North America and F. tucumaniae in South America. Mycologia 95: 660-684. https://doi.org/10.2307/3761942
  3. Aoki T, O'Donnell K, Scandiani MM. 2005. Sudden death syndrome of soybean in South America is caused by four species of Fusarium: Fusarium brasiliense sp. nov., F. cuneirostrum sp. nov., F. tucumaniae, and F. virguliforme. Mycoscience 46: 162-183. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10267-005-0235-Y
  4. Bienvenu F, Peterson L, Edwards J. 1999. Native and Scotch Spearmint Oil Production in Tasmania and Victoria. A report for the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, pp 99-147.
  5. Bryant JP, Julkunen-Tiitto R. 1995. Ontogenic development of chemical defense by seedling resin birch: Energy cost of defense production. J Chem Ecol 21: 883-896. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02033796
  6. Bryant JP, Provenza FD, Pastor J, Reichardt PB, Clausen TP, du Toit JT. 1991. Interactions between woody plants and browsing mammals mediated by secondary metabolites. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 22: 431-446. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.es.22.110191.002243
  7. Budavari S. 1996. The Merck index: an encyclopedia of chemicals, drugs, and biologicals. 12th ed. Merck & Co Inc., New Jersey, USA.
  8. Burdock GA. 1995. Fenaroli's Hanbook of Flavor In-gredients: Adapted from the Italian Language Works of Giovanni Fenaroli. 3rd ed. CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA.
  9. Burt SA, Vlielander R, Haagsman HP, Veldhuizen EJ. 2005. Increase in activity of essential oil components carvacrol and thymol against Escherichia coli O157:H7 by addition of food stabilizers. J Food Prot 68: 919-926.
  10. Choi MS, Heu S, Paek NC, Koh HJ, Lee JS, Oh CS. 2012. Expression of hpa1 gene encoding a bacterial harpin protein in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae enhances disease resistance to both fungal and bacterial pathogens in rice and arabidopsis. Plant Pathology J 28: 364-372. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.09.2012.0136
  11. Corazza M, Levratti A, Virgili A. 2002. Allergic contact cheilitis due to carvone in toothpastes. Contact Dermatitis 46: 366-367. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0536.2002.460615.x
  12. Davidson PM, Naidu AS. 2000. Phyto-phenols. In: Natural Food Antimicrobial Systems (Naidu AS, ed). CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, pp 265-293.
  13. Dorman HJ, Deans SG. 2000. Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. J Appl Microbiol 88: 308-316. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.00969.x
  14. Erman WF. 1985. Chemistry of the monoterpenes: an encyclopedic handbook. Marcel Dekker, New York.
  15. Ghelardini C, Galeotti N, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Mazzanti G, Bartolini A. 2001. Local anaesthetic activity of beta- caryophyllene. Farmaco 56: 387-389. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0014-827X(01)01092-8
  16. Gouinguene SP, Turlings TC. 2002. The effects of abiotic factors on induced volatile emissions in corn plants. Plant Physiol 129: 1296-1307. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.001941
  17. Hall RL, Oser BL. 1965. Recent progress in the consideration of flavoring ingredients under the food additives amendment. III GRAS Substances. Food Technol 19: 151-197.
  18. Himejima M, Hobson KR, Otsuka T, Wood DL, Kubo I. 1992. Antimicrobial terpenes from oleoresin of ponderosa pine tree Pinus ponderosa: A defense mechanism against microbial invasion. J Chem Ecol 18: 1809-1818. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02751105
  19. Julkunen-Tiitto R, Bryant JP, Kuropat P, Roininen H. 1995. Slight tissue wounding fails to induce consistent chemical defense in three willow (Salix spp.) clones. Oecologia 101: 467-471. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00329425
  20. Jung HY, Kang SM, Kang YM, Kang MJ, Yun DJ, Bahk JD, Yang JK, Choi MS. 2003. Enhanced production of scopolamine by bacterial elicitors in adventitious hairy root cultures of Scopolia parviflora. Enzyme Microb Tech 33: 987-990. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0229(03)00253-9
  21. Kang YM, Park DJ, Song HJ, Ma HS, Karigar C, Choi M. 2012. Comparative analysis of terpenoids in in vitro culture media of metabolically engineered transgenic and wild type spearmint (Mentha spicata L.). Korean J Medicinal Crop Sci 20: 301-307. https://doi.org/10.7783/KJMCS.2012.20.4.301
  22. Kieslich K, Abraham WR, Stumpf B, Thede B, Washausen P. 1986. Transformations of terpenoids, Walter de Gruyter and Co, Berlin, Germany.
  23. Laitinen ML, Julkunen-Tiitto R, Rousi M. 2002. Foliar phenolic composition of European white birch during bud unfolding and leaf development. Physiol Plant 114: 450-460. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1140315.x
  24. Laitinen ML, Julkunen-Tiitto R, Yamaji K, Heinonen J, Rousi M. 2004. Variation in birch bark secondary chemistry between and within clones: implications for herbivory by hares. Oikos 104: 316-326. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2004.12793.x
  25. Lamare V, Fourneron JD, Furstoss R, Ehret C, Corbier B. 1987. Microbial transformations. IX: Biohydroxylation of alpha-cedrene and cedrol. Synthesis of an odoriferous minor component of cedar wood essential oil. Tetrahedron Lett 28: 6269-6272. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4039(01)91349-8
  26. Lamare V, Furstoss R. 1990. Bioconversion of sesquiterpenes. Tetrahedron 46: 4109-4132. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-4020(01)86747-8
  27. Lange BM, Mahmoud SS, Wildung MR, Turner GW, Davis EM, Lange I, Baker RC, Boydston RA, Croteau RB. 2011. Improving peppermint essential oil yield and composition by metabolic engineering. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 108: 16944-16949. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1111558108
  28. Lawrence RV. 1989. Processing pine gum into turpentine and rosin. Pulp Chemicals Association, New York, USA.
  29. Lee DW, Seo JB, Kang JS, Koh SH, Lee SH, Koh YH. 2012. Identification and Characterization of Expansins from Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae). Plant Pathology J 28: 409-417. https://doi.org/10.5423/PPJ.OA.08.2012.0122
  30. Li YH, Sun ZH, Zheng P. 2004. Determination of Vanillin, Eugenol and Isoeugenol by RP-HPLC. Chromatographia 60: 709-713. https://doi.org/10.1365/s10337-004-0440-4
  31. Menary RC, Dragar VA, Garland SM. 1999. Tasmannia lanceolata: developing a new commercial flavour product: a report for the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, USA.
  32. Mitsuhara I, Ugaki M, Hirochika H, Ohshima M, Murakami T, Gotoh Y, Katayose Y, Nakamura S, Honkura R, Nishimiya S, Ueno K, Mochizuki A, Tanimoto H, Tsugawa H, Otsuki Y, Ohashi Y. 1996. Efficient promoter cassettes for enhanced expression of foreign genes in dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants. Plant Cell Physiol 37: 49-59. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a028913
  33. Nickerson GB, Likens ST. 1996. Gas chromatographic evidence for the occurrence of hop oil components in beer. J Chromatogr 21: 1-5.
  34. Park DJ. 2008. Metabolites profiling and its function through terpenoids biosynthesis genes overexpression of spearmint (MenthaspicataL.). Master thesis. Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
  35. Sambrook J, Fritch EF, Maniatis T. 1998. Molecular cloning. In: A laboratory manual. Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, New York.
  36. Seigler DS. 1998. Plant Seconday Metabolism. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
  37. Singh HP, Batisha DR, Kohlia RK. 1999. Autotoxicity: concept, organisms, and ecological significance. CR Rev Plant Sci 18: 757-772. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352689991309478
  38. Skold M, Karlberg AT, Matura M, Borje A. 2006. The fragrance chemical beta-caryophyllene-air oxidation and skin sensitization. Food Chem Toxicol 44: 538-545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2005.08.028
  39. Smith BPC, Hayasaka Y, Tyler MJ, Williams BD. 2004. $\beta$-caryophyllene in the skin secretion of the Australian green tree frog, Litoria caerulea: an investigation of dietary sources. Aust J Zool 52: 521-530. https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO04019
  40. Tambe Y, Tsujiuchi H, Honda G, Ikeshiro Y, Tanaka S. 1996. Gastric cytoprotection of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene, beta-caryophyllene. Planta Med 62: 469-470. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-957942
  41. Tegelberg R, Julkunen-Tiitto R. 2001. Quantitative changes in secondary metabolites of dark-leaved willow (Salix myrsinifolia) exposed to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation. Physiologia Plantarum 113: 541-547. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2001.1130413.x
  42. Tegelberg R , Julkunen-Tiitto R, Aphalo PJ. 2001. The effects of long-term elevated UV-B on the growth and phenolics of field-grown silver birch (Betula pendula). Global Change Biology 7: 839-848. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1354-1013.2001.00453.x
  43. Ultee A, Bennik MH, Moezelaar R. 2002. The phenolic hydroxyl group of carvacrol is essential for action against the food-borne pathogen Bacillus cereus. Appl Environ Microbiol 68: 1561-1568. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.4.1561-1568.2002
  44. Ultee A, Slump RA, Steging G, Smid EJ. 2000. Antimicrobial activity of carvacrol toward Bacillus cereus on rice. J Food Prot 63: 620-624.
  45. Waterman PG, Mole S. 1994. Analysis of phenolic plant metabolites. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, UK.