Steel and Composite Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

On the optimum performance-based design of eccentrically braced frames

  • Received : 2013.01.13
  • Accepted : 2013.11.15
  • Published : 2014.04.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The design basis is being shifted from strength to deformation in modern performance-based design codes. This paper presents a practical method for optimization of eccentrically braced steel frames, based on the concept of uniform deformation theory (UDT). This is done by gradually shifting inefficient material from strong parts of the structure to the weak areas until a state of uniform deformation is achieved. In the first part of this paper, UDT is implemented on 3, 5 and 10 story eccentrically braced frames (EBF) subjected to 12 earthquake records representing the design spectrum of ASCE/SEI 7-10. Subsequently, the optimum strength-distribution patterns corresponding to these excitations are determined, and compared with four other loading patterns. Since the optimized frames have uniform distribution of deformation, they undergo less damage in comparison with code-based designed structures while having minimum structural weight. For further investigation, the 10 story EBF is redesigned using four different loading patterns and subjected to 12 earthquake excitations. Then a comparison is made between link rotations of each model and those belonging to the optimized one which revealed that the optimized EBF behaves generally better than those designed by other loading patterns. Finally, efficiency of each loading pattern is evaluated and the best one is determined.

Keywords

References

  1. Anderson, J.C., Miranda, E., Berto, V.V. and Kajima Research Team (1991), Evaluation of the Seismic Performance of Thirty-Story RC Building, UCB/EERC 91/16, Berkeley, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, CA, USA.
  2. ANSI/AISC 360-10 (2010), Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), Chicago, IL, USA.
  3. ASCE/SEI 41-06 (2007), Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Building, American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE).
  4. ASCE/SEI 7-10 (2010), Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and other Structures, ASCE Standard, American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE).
  5. ATC 63 (2007), Quantification of Building System Performance and Response Parameters, Prepared by Applied Technology Council (ATC), CA, USA.
  6. BCJ (1997), BCJ Seismic Provisions for Design of Building Structures, The Building Center of Japan (BCJ), Tokyo, Japan.
  7. Chao, S.H. and Goel, S.C. (2005), Performance-Based Seismic Design of EBF using Target Drift and Yield Mechanism as Performance Criteria, A report on research partly sponsored by the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
  8. Chao, S.H. and Goel, S.C. (2007), "A seismic design lateral force distribution based on inelastic state of structures", Earthquake Spectra, 23(3), 547-569. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2753549
  9. Chopra, A.K. (2001), Dynamic of Structures: Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering, (2nd Edition), Prentice Hall Inc., London, UK.
  10. Deguchi, Y., Kawashima, T., Yamanari, M. and Ogawa, K. (2008), "Seismic design load distribution in steel frame", The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China, October.
  11. Hajirasouliha, I. (2005), The Effect of the Distribution of Seismic Resistant Factors on the Performance of Structure, Ph.D. Dissertation, Civil Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
  12. Hajirasouliha, I. and Moghadam, H., (2009), "New lateral force distribution for seismic design of structures", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 135(8), 906-915. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2009)135:8(906)
  13. Hajirasoliha, I., Asadi, P. and Pilakoutas, P. (2011), "An efficient performance-based seismic design method for reinforced concrete frames", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 41(4), 663-679.
  14. Hart, G.C. (2000), "Earthquake forces for the lateral force code", Struct. Des. Tall Buil., 9(1), 49 -64. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1794(200003)9:1<49::AID-TAL130>3.0.CO;2-X
  15. Karami Mohammadi, R. (2001), Optimum Distribution of Dynamic Characteristics within the Structure to Reduce Seismic Damage, Ph.D. Dissertation, Civil Engineering Department, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
  16. Karami Mohammadi, R., El-Naggar, M.H. and Moghadam, H. (2004), "Optimum strength distribution for seismic resistant shear-buildings", Int. J. Solids Struct., 41(22-23), 6597-6612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.05.012
  17. Lee, S.S. and Goel, S.C. (2001), "Performance based seismic design of structures using target drift and yield mechanism", US-Japan Seminar on Advanced stability and Seismicity Concept for Performance Based Design of Steel and Composite Structures, Kyoto, Japan.
  18. Martinelli, L., Perotti, F. and Bozzi, A. (2000), "Seismic design and response of a 14-story concentrically braced steel building", Behav. Steel Struct. Seismic Areas, 327-355.
  19. Moghadam, H. (2009), "On the optimum performance-based design of structures", Proceedings of a U.S.-Iran Seismic Workshop, Irvine, CA, USA.
  20. Moghadam, H. and Hajirasouliha, I. (2004), "A new approach for optimum design of structures under dynamic excitation", Asian J. Civil Eng. (Building and Housing), 5(2), 69-84.
  21. Moghadam, H. and Hajirasouliha, I. (2005), "Fundamentals of optimum performance based design for dynamic excitation", ScientiaIranica, 12(4), 368-378.
  22. Moghadam, H. and Hajirasouliha, I. (2006a), "Toward more rational criteria for determination of design earthquake forces", Int. J. Solids Struct., 43(9), 2631-2645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2005.07.038
  23. Moghadam, H. and Hajirasouliha, I. (2006b), "An investigation on accuracy of pushover analysis for estimating the seismic deformation of braced steel frames", J. Construct. Steel Res., 62(4), 343-351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2005.07.009
  24. Moghadam, H. and Karami Mohammadi, R. (2006), "More efficient seismic loading for multi degrees of freedom structures", J. Struct. Eng., ASCE, 132(10), 1673-1677. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2006)132:10(1673)
  25. Moghadam, H., Hajirasouliha, I. and Doostan, A. (2005), "Optimum seismic design of concentrically braced steel frames: Concepts and design procedures", J. Construct. Steel Res., 61(2), 151-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2004.08.002
  26. Moghaddam, H., Hosseini Gelekolai, S.M., Hajirasouliha, I. and Tajali, F. (2012), "Evaluation of various proposed lateral load patterns for seismic design of steel moment resisting frames", The 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal, September.
  27. OpenSees (Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation), Mazzoni, S., McKenna, F. and Fenves, G.L. (Version 2.2.2), UC Berkeley, CA, USA. http://opensees.berkeley.edu
  28. Park, K. and Medina, R.A. (2006), "Lateral load patterns for conceptual seismic design of frames exposed to near-fault ground motions", Proceedings of the 8th U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Paper No. 949, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  29. Richards, P.W. and Uang, C.M. (2006), "Testing protocol for short links in eccentrically braced frames ", J. Struct. Eng., 132(8), 1183-1191. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2006)132:8(1183)
  30. Rozon, J., Koboevic, S. and Tremblay, R. (2008), "Study of global behaviour of eccentrically braced frames in response to seismic loads", The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China, October.
  31. UBC (1997), Structural Engineering Design Provisions, Uniform Building Code, International Conference of Building Officials, Vol. 2.

Cited by

  1. Life-cycle cost optimization of steel moment-frame structures: performance-based seismic design approach vol.7, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2014.7.3.271
  2. Performance-based design optimization using uniform deformation theory: a comparison study vol.12, pp.1, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-78251207
  3. Effects of uncertainties on seismic behaviour of optimum designed braced steel frames vol.20, pp.2, 2016, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2016.20.2.317
  4. A review of research on steel eccentrically braced frames vol.128, 2017, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.07.032
  5. Semi-Active Control of Structures Equipped With MR Dampers Based on Uniform Deformation Theory 2018, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-017-0213-8
  6. A lateral load pattern based on energy evaluation for eccentrically braced frames vol.27, pp.5, 2014, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.27.5.623
  7. Experimental and numerical assessment of EBF structures with shear links vol.28, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.28.2.123
  8. Direct displacement based design of hybrid passive resistive truss girder frames vol.28, pp.6, 2018, https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.28.6.691
  9. Seismic performance of high strength steel frames with variable eccentric braces based on PBSD method vol.18, pp.5, 2020, https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2020.18.5.527