DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of Adolescents' Time Perspective and Self-Control on Academic Procrastination : The Mediating Effect of Cellular Phone Addiction

청소년의 시간관과 자기통제력이 학업적 지연행동에 미치는 영향 : 휴대폰 중독의 매개효과

  • Jung, Eun Ji (Dept. of Child Development & Education, Myoungji University) ;
  • Han, You Jin (Dept. of Child Development & Education, Myoungji University)
  • Received : 2013.10.31
  • Accepted : 2014.02.03
  • Published : 2014.02.28

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of time perspective, self-control and cellular phone addiction on academic procrastination, and to cellular phone addiction has any mediating effects in relation to the effects of adolescents' time perspective and self-control on academic procrastination. For this study, a survey was conducted with total 651 students in middle and high schools. Those who omitted responses or answered in ways which were otherwise invalid were excluded and finally, questionnaires responded to by 558 students were analyzed. Employing SPSS Win 12.0, average value, standard deviation, frequency analysis, Pearson's correlation analysis, stepwise multiple regression analysis, and simple linear regression analysis were used for the purposes of statistical analysis. In conclusion, first, explanations were made in order of future-oriented time perspective which is subordinate domain of view of time perspective, self-control, and cellular phone addiction. Second, it was found that cellular phone addiction has partially mediating effect on the relationships between future-oriented time perspective which is a subordinate area of adolescents' time perspective, and academic procrastination. Third, it was found that cellular phone addiction has partially mediating effect on the relationships between adolescents' self-control and academic procrastination.

Keywords

References

  1. Aitken, M. E. (1982). A Personality profile of the college student procrastinator. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.
  2. Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173
  3. Beswick, G., Rothblum, E. D., & Mann, L. (1988). Psychological antecedents of student procrastination. Australian Psychologist, 23, 207-217. https://doi.org/10.1080/00050068808255605
  4. Ellis, A., & Knaus, W. J. (1977). Overcoming procrastination. NY: Institute for Rational Living.
  5. Ferrari, J. R., & Emmons. R. A. (1994). Procrastination as revenge: Do people report using delays as a strategy for vengeance? Personality and Individual Differences, 17, 539-544. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(94)90090-6
  6. Ferrari, J. R., & Emmons, R. A. (1995). Methods of procrastination and their relation to selfcontrol and self-reinforcement: an exploratory study. Journal of Social Behaviour and Personality, 10(1), 135-142.
  7. Ferrari, J. R., Johnson, J. L., & McCown, W. G. (1995). Procrastination and task avoidance: Theory, research, and treatment. New York: Plenum.
  8. Ferrari, J. R., & Diaz-Morales. (2007). Procrastination: Different time orientations reflect different motives. Journal of Research in Personality, 41(3), 707-714. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2006.06.006
  9. Goldberg, I. (1996). Internet addiction disorder. http://www.rider.edu/user/suler/psycyber/supporgp.html
  10. Gye, S. Y. (2009). The effect of perfectionism and achievement goal orientation on academic procrastination. Unpublished master's thesis, Catholic University, Buchoen, Korea.
  11. Han, Y. S., & Kim, S. W. (2012). The effects of perfectionism, self control and fear of failure on procrastination. Korean Journal of Youth Studies, 19(4), 203-224.
  12. Hammer, C. A., & Ferrari. J. R. (2002). Differential incidence of procrastination between blue-and white-collar workers. Current Psychology: Developmental, Learning, Personality, Social, 21, 333-338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-002-1022-y
  13. Henson, J. M., Carey, M. P., Carey, K. B., & Maisto, S. A. (2006). Associations among health behaviors and time perspective in young adults: Model testing with boot-strapping replication. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 29(2), 127-137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-005-9027-2
  14. Hewitt, P. L., & Flett, G. L. (1991). Dimensional of perfectionism in unipolar depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(1), 98-101. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.100.1.98
  15. Howell, A. J., Watson, D. C., Powell, R. A., & Buro, K. (2006). Academic procrastination: The pattern and correlates of behavioral postponement. Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1519-1530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.11.023
  16. McCown, W., Johnson, J., & Rupert, P. (1987). An experimental study of some hypothesize behaviors and personality variables of college student procrastination. Personality and Individual Differences, 8, 781-786. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(87)90130-9
  17. Jackson, T., Weiss, K. E., Lundquist, J. J., & Hooper, D. (2003). The impact of hope, procrastination, and social activity on academic performance on midwestern college students. Education, 124, 310-320.
  18. Jackson, T., Fritch, A., Nagasaka, T., & Pope, L. (2003). Procrastination and perceptions of past, present, and future. Individual Differences Research, 1, 17-28.
  19. Jang, H. J. (2002). The psychological characteristics of adolescents addictive using cellular phone. Unpublished master's thesis, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
  20. Kang, H. J. (2011). The relationships among procrastination, self-efficacy, self-control, and perceived stress. Social Science Research Institute, 53(2), 233-251.
  21. Kim, H. (1999). The effect of fear of failure on task return delay in academic procrastination. Unpublished master's thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
  22. Kim, M. J. (2009). Elementary school students', internet addiction and its relation to procrastination, volitional control, academic achievement, and intelligence. Unpublished master's thesis, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
  23. Krawchuk, L. L. (2008). Procrastination, self-efficacy calibration, anxiety, and achievement in undergraduate students. Canada: University of Alberta.
  24. Kyeong, T. Y. (2012, October, 24). Smart phone addiction, the number of students doubled of internet addiction. The Kyunghyang Daily, Retrieved October, 26, 2012, from http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html? artid=201210242155275&code=940401
  25. Lay, C. H., & Schouwenburg, H. C. (1993). Trait procrastination, time management, and academic behavior. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 8(4), 647-662.
  26. Lay, C., Edwards, J. M., Parker, J. D. A., & Endler, N. S. (1989). An assessment of appraisal, anxiety, coping, and procrastination during an examination period. European Journal of Personality, 3, 195-208. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2410030305
  27. Lay, C. H., & Silverman, S. (1996). Trait procrastination, anxiety, and dilatory behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 21(1), 61-67. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(96)00038-4
  28. Lee, G. W. (2001). The study on internet addiction of adolescent. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
  29. Lee, J. A. (2010). An adjustment model of optimistic procrastination. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Chungang University, Seoul, Korea.
  30. Lee, Y. S., Lee, H. S., Joe, E. H., & Kim, R. S. (2012). Smart phone use youth focus group interview. Korea Youth Counselling Welfare Institute Youth Counselling Problem Report, 56, 17-39.
  31. Logue, A. W. (1995). Self-control. New York; Prentice Hall.
  32. Mandel, H. P. (1997). Conduct disorder and underachievement: Risk factors, assesment, treatment, and prevention. New York: Wiely.
  33. McCown, W., & Johnson, J. (1991). Personality and chronic procrastination by students during an academic examination period. Personality and Individual Differences, 12, 662-667.
  34. McCown, W., Carise, D., & Johnson, J. (1991). Trait procrastination in adult children of alcohol abuse. Journal of Social behavior and Personality, 5, 121-134.
  35. Mischel, W., & Gilligan, C. (1974). Processes in delay of gratification. In W. Mischel & L. Berkowitz (Eds.), Advances in experimental social psychology. New York: Academic Press.
  36. Owens, A. M. (1997). Procrastination in high school achievement. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 12, 869-887.
  37. Park, J. W., & Gwon, J. H. (1998). The effect of ego-threat and perfectionism on task delay in academic procrastination. The Korean Psychological Association, 105-119.
  38. Pychyl, T. A., Lee, J. M., Thibodeau, R., & Blunt, A. (2000). Five days of emotion: An experience sampling study of undergraduate student procrastination. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15, 239-254.
  39. Rothblum, E. D., Solomon, L. J., & Murakami, J. (1986). Affective, cognitive, and behavioral differences between high and low procrastinators. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 33(4), 389-394.
  40. Schouwenburg, H. C. (1992). Procrastinators and fear of failure: An exploration of reasons for procrastination. European Journal of Personality, 6(3), 225-236. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.2410060305
  41. Seo, E. H. (2006). A study for the development of a treatment program for overcoming academic procrastination of college student. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
  42. Shaffer, H. J., & Bethune, W. (2000). Introduction: Youth gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, 16(2-3), 113-114. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009491628993
  43. Shin, M. H., Park, S. H., & Seo, E. H. (2005). Women college students' time management and procrastination on college grades. The Journal of Educational Research, 43(3), 211-230.
  44. Solomon, L. J., & Rothblum, E. D. (1984). Academic procrastination: Frequency and cognitive-behavioral correlates. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 31(4), 503-509. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.31.4.503
  45. Specter, M. H., & Ferrari, J. R. (2000). Time orientations of procrastinators: Focusing on the past, present, or future? Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 15, 197-202.
  46. Steel, P. (2003). The measurement and nature of procrastination. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Minnesota, Minnesota, USA.
  47. Steel, P. (2007). The nature of procrastination: A meta-analytic and theoretical review of quint essential self-regulatory failure. Psychological Bulletin, 133(1), 65-94. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.1.65
  48. Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of Personality, 72(2), 271-324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00263.x
  49. Tice, D. M., & Baumeister, R. F. (1997). Longitudinal study of procrastination, performance, stress, and health: The costs and benefits of dawdling. Psychological Science, 8, 454-458. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1997.tb00460.x
  50. Young, K. S. (1996). Internet addiction: The emergence of a new clinical disorder. Cyber Psychology and Behavior, 1, 237-244.
  51. Wesley, L. C. (1994). Effects of ability, high school achievement, and procrastinatory behavior on college performance. Educational & Psychological Measurement, 54, 404-408. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164494054002014
  52. Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (1999). Putting time in perspective: A valid, reliable individualdifferences metric. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(6), 1271-1288. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.77.6.1271
  53. Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (2008). The time paradox: The new psychology of time that will change your life. New York: Free Press.