Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회지)

Korean Society of Forest Science (한국산림과학회)
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An Analysis of the Operational Productivity and Cost for the Utilization of Forest-biomass(I) - the Operational time and Productivity -

산림바이오매스 이용을 위한 산림작업 공정 및 비용 분석(I) -작업시간 및 공정 -

  • Mun, Ho-Seong (Forest Practice Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Cho, Koo-Hyun (Forest Practice Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute) ;
  • Park, Sang-Jun (Department of Forestry, Kyungpook National University)
  • 문호성 (국립산림과학원 산림생산기술연구소) ;
  • 조구현 (국립산림과학원 산림생산기술연구소) ;
  • 박상준 (경북대학교 임학과)
  • Received : 2014.07.03
  • Accepted : 2014.07.30
  • Published : 2014.12.31
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Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the operational time and productivity of logging operation by chain saw, yarder attached on tractor, tower-yarder, mini-truck, mini-forwarder, and chipping operations by mini-chipper, large-chipper in order to develop the efficient logging operation system for utilization of forest-biomass. As a result, the average felling and bucking time using chain saw at the site 1 and 2 was observed to be 182.7 sec/cycle and 518.5 sec/cycle respectively. The average yarding time was 202.5 sec/cycle using yarder attached on tractor and 295.1 sec/cycle using tower-yarder. The average forwarding time was 2,073 sec/cycle using mini-truck and 2,248.4 sec/cycle using mini-forwarder. The operational time of felling and bucking using chain-saw can be delayed according to the direction of fallen trees. The selection of felling direction is very important to yarding operation because the direction between width-yarding and felling are interrelated. Productivity can be improved through educating and training operators in the yarding operations. Mini-forwarder is needed to use because of higher productivity and lower cost than mini-truck. The operational productivity of felling and bucking by chain saw was $66.96m^3/man{\cdot}day$ and $43.86m^3/man{\cdot}day$ at site 1 and 2 respectively. The yarding productivity was $5.68m^3/man{\cdot}day$ by yarder attached on tractor, $10.74m^3/man{\cdot}day$ by tower-yarder. The forwarding productivity was $21.29m^3/man{\cdot}day$ by mini-truck, $28.57m^3/man{\cdot}day$ by mini-forwarder. The chipping productivity was $4.42m^3/man{\cdot}day$ by mini-chipper, $21.87m^3/man{\cdot}day$ by large-chipper.

본 연구는 현재 우리나라의 주요 임업기계를 이용한 임목수확작업시스템에서 벌목 및 조재, 집재, 소운재, 파쇄 등의 목재생산 및 파쇄작업에 대한 작업시간 및 공정을 분석하여, 산림바이오매스 이용을 위한 효율적인 임목수확작업시스템의 구축하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 수행하였다. 1회당 주체작업시간은 체인톱에 의한 벌목 및 조재작업은 조사지 1(벌목 및 조재:체인톱, 소운재:굴삭기 그래플 및 소운재용 트럭)과 조사지 2(벌목 및 조재:체인톱, 집재:타워야더, 소운재:굴삭기 그래플 및 임내작업차)에서 각각 182.7초/회와 518.5초/회로 나타났다. 트랙터 부착형 집재기에 의한 집재는 202.5초/회, 타워야더에 의한 집재는 295.1초/회로 나타났다. 소운재용 트럭(일명:영운기)에 의한 소운재작업은 2,073초/회, 임내작업차에 의한 소운재작업은 2,248.4초/회로 나타났다. 체인톱에 의한 벌목 및 조재 작업공정은 조사지 1과 2에서 각각 평균 $66.96m^3$/인${\cdot}$일과 $43.86m^3$/인${\cdot}$일으로 나타났다. 트랙터 부착형 집재기에 의한 집재작업공정은 평균 $5.68m^3$/인${\cdot}$일으로 나타났으며, 타워야더에 의한 집재작업공정은 평균 $10.74m^3$/인${\cdot}$일으로 나타났다. 소운재용 트럭(영운기)에 의한 소운재작업공정은 평균 $21.29m^3$/인${\cdot}$일으로 나타났으며, 임내작업차에 의한 소운재작업공정은 평균 $28.57m^3$/인${\cdot}$일으로 나타났다. 또한, 소형 목재파쇄기에 의한 파쇄작업공정은 $4.42m^3$/인${\cdot}$일으로 나타났으며, 대형 목재파쇄기에 의한 파쇄작업공정은 $21.87m^3$/인${\cdot}$일으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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