Korean Journal of Poultry Science (한국가금학회지)

The Korean Society of Poultry Science (한국가금학회)
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Effects of Early Heat Conditioning on Performance in Broilers exposed to Heat Stress

사전 고온 적응이 고온 스트레스를 받은 육계의 생산성에 미치는 영향

  • Yoon, HyungSook (Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus Program)) ;
  • Hwangbo, Jong (Division of Poultry Science, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA) ;
  • Yang, Young-Rok (Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Jimin (Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus Program)) ;
  • Kim, Yeon-Hwa (Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Plus Program)) ;
  • Park, Byungsung (Department of Animal Biotechnology, Kangwon National University) ;
  • Choi, Yang-Ho (Department of Animal Science, Gyeongsang National University)
  • 윤형숙 (경상대학교 대학원 응용생명과학부(BK21 Plus Program)) ;
  • 황보종 (농촌진흥청 국립축산과학원 가금과) ;
  • 양영록 (경상대학교 축산학과) ;
  • 김지민 (경상대학교 대학원 응용생명과학부(BK21 Plus Program)) ;
  • 김연화 (경상대학교 대학원 응용생명과학부(BK21 Plus Program)) ;
  • 박병성 (강원대학교 동물생명과학과) ;
  • 최양호 (경상대학교 축산학과)
  • Received : 2014.10.29
  • Accepted : 2014.11.20
  • Published : 2014.12.31
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Abstract

Heat manipulation at early age has been known to help chickens cope with heat stress later in life. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of early heat conditioning at 5 days of age on performance in broilers when re-exposed to heat stress later in life. Day-old, 256 Arbor Acre boiler chicks were housed in two identical rooms where all broilers were exposed to a 23-h light: 1-h dark cycle throughout the study and provided with feed and water ad libitum. At the age of 5 days, one group was exposed to $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours and then returned to the temperature at which control birds were maintained (early heat condition group) while the other was maintained without heat modulation (Control). On 21 days, broilers were regrouped into 4 groups (CON+CON: control+control; CON+HS: control+heat stress; HC+CON: heat conditioning+control; HC+HS: heat conditioning+heat stress), and given 7 days for adaptation. On 28 days, birds in one room were exposed to heat stress ($21^{\circ}C{\rightarrow}31^{\circ}C$) for 3 days whereas those in the other were at room temperature. Heat stress resulted in decreased feed intake, water intake, and body weight gain (P<0.05), but increased rectal temperature and mortality (P<0.05). No beneficial effects of heat conditioning were detected when broilers were exposed to heat stress again at later in life. The present results were discussed together with other studies regarding possible differences in methods such as ages of breeders and strains, which may have resulted in the failure of heat conditioning to help broilers resist heat stress.

생애 초기 고온 적응은 이후 고온 스트레스를 받았을 때 닭이 고온 저항성을 획득하는데 도움을 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 5일령의 고온 적응이 이후 고온 스트레스를 받은 육계의 생산성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 초생추 아버에이커를 23시간 점등 1시간 소등의 조명 환경 조건을 가진 동일한 크기의 두 사육실에 수용한 후, 사료와 물을 자유로이 급여하였다. 5일령에 사전 고온 적응구는 24시간 동안 $37^{\circ}C$의 고온에 노출된 후 정상의 온도로 돌려졌고, 대조구에서는 정상적인 감온 일정에 따라 사육되었다. 21일령에 두 사육실의 육계는 각각 두 집단으로 나누어 총 4처리구(CON+CON: control+control; CON+HS: control+heat stress; HC+CON: heat conditioning+control; HC+HS: heat conditioning+heat stress)로 배치하였고, 이 상태에서 7일간의 환경 적응 기간을 가졌다. 28일령에 하나의 사육실에 있는 육계는 3일 동안 고온 스트레스($21^{\circ}C{\rightarrow}31^{\circ}C$)에 노출되었고, 대조구는 실온상태에서 사육되었다. 고온 스트레스 결과, 사료 섭취량 음수량 및 증체량이 유의적으로 감소한 반면(P<0.05), 직장온도와 폐사율은 증가하였다(P<0.05). 따라서 본 연구를 통해 사전 고온 적응의 효과성은 인정되지 않았으며, 이러한 결과는 사전 고온 적응의 효과는 종계의 나이나 계통의 차이에 따라 달리 나타날 수 있기 때문에 현장적용에 신중해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

References

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  1. Effects of Repeated High Ambient Temperature on Performance in Broilers Heat-Conditioned at an Early Age vol.42, pp.3, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5536/KJPS.2015.42.3.257