Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics (한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지)

The Korean Society of Superconductivity and Cryogenics (한국초전도저온학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Anisotropic superconductivity of high quality FeSe1-x Single crystal

  • Kwon, Chang Il (Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Ok, Jong Mok (Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology) ;
  • Kim, Jun Sung (Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology)
  • Received : 2014.11.25
  • Accepted : 2014.12.19
  • Published : 2014.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

We investigate the upper critical field anisotropy ${\Gamma}_H$ and the magnetic penetration depth anisotropy ${\Gamma}_{\lambda}$ of a high-quality $FeSe_{1-x}$ single crystal using angular dependent resistivity and torque magnetometry up to 14 T. High quality single crystals of $FeSe_{1-x}$ were successfully grown using $KCl-AlCl_3$ flux method, which shows a sharp superconducting transition at $T_C{\sim}9K$ and a high residual resistivity ratio of ~ 25. We found that the anisotropy ${\Gamma}_H$ near $T_C$ is a factor of two larger than found in the poor-quality crystals, indicating anisotropic 3D superconductivity of $FeSe_{1-x}$. Similar to the 1111-type Fe pnictides, the anisotropies ${\Gamma}_{\lambda}$ and ${\Gamma}_H$ show distinct temperature dependence; ${\Gamma}_H$ decreases but ${\Gamma}_{\lambda}$ increases with lowering temperature. These behaviors can be attributed to multi-band superconductivity, but different from the case of $MgB_2$. Our findings suggest that the opposite temperature dependence of ${\Gamma}_{\lambda}$ and ${\Gamma}_H$ is the common properties of Fe-based superconductors.

Keywords

References

  1. Y. Kamihara, T. Watanabe, M. Hirano, and H. Hosono, "Iron-based layered superconductor La[$O_{1-x}F_x$]FeAs (x = 0.05-0.12) with $T_c$=26 K," J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol.130, pp. 3296-3297, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja800073m
  2. X. H. Chen, T. Wu, G. Wu, R. H. Liu, H. Chen, and D. F. Fang, "Superconductivity at 43 K in $SmFeAsO_{1-x}F_x$," Nature, vol. 453, p. 761, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07045
  3. H. H. Wen, G. Mu, L. Fang, H. Yang, and X. Zhu, "Superconductivity at 25 K in hole doped ($La_{1-x}Sr_x$)OFeAs," Europhys. Lett., vol. 82, p. 17009, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/82/17009
  4. M. Rotter, M. Tegal, and D. Johrendt, "Superconductivity at 38 K in the iron arsenide $(Ba_{1-x}K_x)Fe_2As_2$," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 101, p. 107006, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.107006
  5. A. S. Sefat, R. Jin, M. A. McGuire, B. C. Sales, D. J. Singh, and D. Mandrus, "Superconductivity at 22 K in Co-doped $BaFe_2As_2$," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 101, p. 117004, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.117004
  6. F. -C. Hsu, J. -Y. Luo, K. W. Yeh, .T. -K. Chen T. -W. Huang, P. M. Wu, Y. -C. Lee, Y. -L. Huang, Y. -Y. Chu, D. -C. Yan, and M. -K. Wu, "Superconductivity in the PbO-type structure $\alpha$-FeSe," Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 105, p. 14262, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0807325105
  7. M. H. Fang, H. M. Pham, B. Qian, T. J. Liu, E. K. Vehstedt, Y. Liu, L. Spinu, and Z. Q. Mao, "Superconductivity close to magnetic instability in $Fe(Se_{1-x}Te_x)_{0.82}$," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 78, p. 224503, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.78.224503
  8. G. E. Grechnev, A. S. Panfilov, V. A. Desnenko, A. V. Fedorchenko, S. L. Gnatchenko, D. A. Chareev, O. S. Volkova, and A. N. Nasiliev, "Anisotropy of magnetic properties of $Fe_{1+y}Te$," J. Phys.: Condens. Matter, vol. 26, p. 436003, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/26/43/436003
  9. J. H. Tapp, Z. Tang, B. Lv, K. Sasmal, B. Lorenz, P. C. W. Chu, and A. M. Guloy, "LiFeAs: an intrinsic FeAs-based superconductor with $T_C$ = 18 K," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 78, p. 060505(R), 2008. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.78.060505
  10. X. Zhu, F. Han, G. Mu, P. Cheng, B. Shen, B. Zeng, and H. H. Wen, "Transition of stoichiometric $Sr_2VO_3FeAs$ to a superconducting state at 37.2 K," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 79, p. 220512(R), 2008.
  11. J. M. Ok, M. J. Eom, F. Wolff-Fabris, E. Kampert, Y. J. Jo, E. S. Choi, O. A. Valenzuela, R. D. McDonald, J. H. Kim, R. K. Kremer, D. -H. Kim, C. -F. Chang, K. -T. Ko, I. I. Mazin, J. H. Shim, and J. S. Kim, "Coexistence of high-$T_C$ superconductivity and weak ferromagnetism in natural heterostructure of iron pnictide and vanadium oxides," unpublished.
  12. M. R. Norman, "High-temperature superconductivity in the iron pnictide," Physics, vol. 1, p. 21, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1103/Physics.1.21
  13. A. E. Bohmer, F. Hardy, F. Eilers, D. Ernst, P. Adelmann, P. Schweiss, T. Wolf, and C. Meingast, "Lack of coupling between superconductivity and orthorhombic distortion in stoichiometric single-crystalline FeSe," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 87, p. 180505(R), 2013. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.180505
  14. Y. Mizuguchi, F. Tomioka, S. Tsuda, T. Yamaguchi, and Y. Takano, "Superconductivity at 27 K in tetragonal FeSe under high pressure," Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 93, p. 152505, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3000616
  15. S. I. Vendeneev, B. A. Piot, D. K. Maude, and V. A. Sadakov, "Temperature dependence of the upper critical field of FeSe single crystals," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 87, p. 134512, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.134512
  16. S. Medvedev, T. M. McQueen, I. A. Troyan, T. Palasyuk, M. I. Eremets, R. J. Cava, S. Naghavi, F. Casper, V. Ksenofontov, G. Wortmann, and C. Felser, "Electronic and magnetic phase diagram of ${\beta}-Fe_{1.01}Se$with superconductivity at 36.7 K under pressure," Nat. Mater., vol. 8, p. 630, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2491
  17. J. -Y. Lin, Y. S. Hsieh, D. A. Chareev, A. N. Vasiliev, Y. Parsons, and H. D. Yang, "Coexistence of isotropic and extended s-wave order parameters in FeSe as revealed by low-temperature specific heat," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 84, p. 220507(R), 2011. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.84.220507
  18. H. Okamoto, "Phase diagram evaluations," Journal of Phase Equilibria, vol. 12, p. 3, 1991. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02663663
  19. D. Chareev, E. Osadchii, T. Kuzmicheva, J. -Y. Lin, S. Kuzmichev, O. Volkova, and A. Vasiliev, "Single crystal growth and characterization of tetragonal $FeSe_{1-x}$ superconductors," CrystEngComm, vol. 15, p. 1989, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ce26857d
  20. V. G. Kogan, "Macroscopic anisotropy in superconductors with anisotropic gaps," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 66, p. 020509(R), 2002. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.66.020509
  21. J. D. Fletcher, A. Carrington, O. J. Taylor, S. M. Kazakov, and J. Karpinski, "Temperature-dependent anisotropy of the penetration depth and coherence length $MgB_2$," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 95, p. 097005, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.95.097005
  22. S. Weyeneth, R. Puzniak, N. D. Zhigadlo, S. Katrych, Z. Bukowski, J. Karpinski, and H. Keller, "Evidence for two distinct anisotropies in the oxypnictide superconductors SmFeAsO0.8F0.2 and $NdFeAsO_{0.8}F_{0.2}$," J. Supercond. Nov. Magn., vol. 22, p. 347-351, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-009-0445-1
  23. S. Weyeneth, R. Puzniak, U. Mosele, N. D. Zhigadlo, S. Katrych, Z. Bukowski, J. Karpinski, S. Kohout, J. Roos, and H. Keller, "Anisotropy of superconducting single crystal $SmFeAsO_{0.8}F_{0.2}$ studied by torque magnetometry," J. Supercond. Nov. Magn., vol. 22, p. 325-329, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-008-0413-1
  24. L. Malone, J. D. Fletcher, A. Serafin, A. Carrington, N. D. Zhigadlo, Z. Bukowski, S. Katrych, and J. Karpinski, "Magnetic penetration depth of single-crystalline $SmFeAsO_{1-x}F_y$," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 79, p. 140501(R), 2009. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.79.140501
  25. R. Hu, H. Lei, M. Abykoon, E. S. Bozin, S. J. L. Billinge, J. B. Warren, T. Siegrist, and C. Petrovic, "Synthesis, crystal structure and magnetism of ${\beta}-Fe_{1.00(2)}Se_{1.00(3)}$ single crystals," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 83, p. 224502, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.224502
  26. N. R. Werthamer, E. Helfand, and P. C. Hogenberg, "Temperature and purity dependence of the superconducting critical field, $H_{c2}$. III. Electron spin and spin-orbit effects," Phys. Rev., vol. 147, p. 295, 1965.
  27. Z. -S. Wang, H. -Q. Luo, C. Ren, and H. H. Wen, "Upper critical field, anisotropy, and superconducting properties of $Ba_{1-x}K_xFe_2As_2 $ single crystals," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 78, p. 140501(R), 2008. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.78.140501
  28. G. Blatter, V. B. Geshkenbein, and A. I. Larkin, "From isotropic to anisotropic superconductors: a scaling approach," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 68, p. 6, 1992.
  29. Q. Han, Y. Chen, and Z. D. Wang, "A generic two-band model for unconventional superconductivity and spin-density-wave order in electron and hole doped iron-based superconductor," Europhys. Lett., vol. 82, p. 37007, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/82/37007
  30. V. Cvetkovic, and Z. Tesanovic, "Multiband magnetism and superconductivity in Fe-based compounds," Europhys. Lett., vol. 85, p. 37002, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/85/37002
  31. D. Liu, W. Zhan, D. Mou, J. He, Y. -B. Ou, Q. -Y. Wang, Z. Li, L. Wang. L. Zhao, S. He, Y. Peng, X. Liu, C. Chen, L. Yu, G. Liu, X. Dong, J. Zhang, C. Chen, Z. Xu, and J. Hu, "Electronic origin of high-temperature superconductivity in single-layer FeSe superconductor," Nat. Comm., vol. 3, p. 931, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1946
  32. J. Maletz, V. B. Zabolotnyy, D. B. Evtushinsky, S. Thirupathaiah, A. U. B. Wolter, L. Harnagea, A. N. Yaresko, A. N. Vasiliev, D. A. Chareev, A. E. Böhmer, F. Hardy, T. Wolf, C. Meingast, E. D. L. Rienks, B. Buchner, and S. V. Borisenko, "Unusual band renormalization in the simplest iron-based superconductor $FeSe_{1-x}$," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 89, p. 220506(R), 2014. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.220506
  33. K. Nakayama, Y. Miyata, G. N. Phan, T. Sato, Y. Tanabe, T. Urata, K. Tanigaki, T. Takahashi, "Reconstruction of band structure induced by electronic nematicity in FeSe superconductor," Arxiv:1404.0857.
  34. V. G. Kogan, "London approach to anisotropic type-II superconductors," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 24, p. 1572, 1981. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.24.1572
  35. V. G. Kogan, "Free energy and toque for superconductors with different anisotropies of $H_{c2}$ and $\lambda$," Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 89, p. 237005, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.237005
  36. M. Willemin, C. Rossel, J. Hofer, H. Keller, A. Erb, and E. Walker, "Strong shift of the irreversibility line in high-$T_C$ superconductors upon vortex shaking with an oscillating magnetic field," Phys. Rev. B., vol. 58, p. 5940(R), 1998. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.58.R5940

Cited by

  1. Simple fabrication method for atomically-thin crystal devices with polymer passivation vol.216, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2015.11.027
  2. Observation of in-plane magnetic field induced phase transitions in FeSe vol.101, pp.22, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.101.224509
  3. Josephson effect of the superconducting van der Waals junction vol.23, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.9714/psac.2021.23.2.006