Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information (한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지)

Korean Society of Computer Information (한국컴퓨터정보학회)
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A Study on the Applicability of Data Mining for Crime Prediction : Focusing on Burglary

범죄예측에서의 데이터마이닝 적용 가능성 연구 : 절도범죄를 중심으로

  • Bang, Seung-Hwan (Dept. of Industrial and Management Engineering, POSTECH) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Hun (Dept. of Industrial and Management Engineering, POSTECH) ;
  • Cho, Hyun-Bo (Dept. of Industrial and Management Engineering, POSTECH)
  • 방승환 (포항공과대학교 산업경영공학과) ;
  • 김태훈 (포항공과대학교 산업경영공학과) ;
  • 조현보 (포항공과대학교 산업경영공학과)
  • Received : 2014.08.24
  • Accepted : 2014.10.28
  • Published : 2014.12.31
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Abstract

Recently, crime prediction and prevention are the most important social issues, and global and local governments have tried to prevent crime using various methodologies. One of the methodologies, data mining can be applied at various crime fields such as crime pattern analysis, crime prediction, etc. However, there is few researches to find the relationships between the results of data mining and crime components in terms of criminology. In this study, we introduced environmental criminology, and identified relationships between environment factors related with crime and variables using at data mining. Then, using real burglary data occurred in South Korea, we applied clustering to show relations of results of data mining and crime environment factors. As a result, there were differences in the crime environment caused by each cluster. Finally, we showed the meaning of data mining use at crime prediction and prevention area in terms of criminology.

최근, 범죄가 증가함에 따라 범죄를 예측하고 예방하는 것은 사회의 중요한 이슈이며 정부 및 지자체는 다양한 방법론을 활용하여 범죄를 사전에 막고자 노력하고 있다. 데이터마이닝은 범죄예측 및 예방에 활용되는 대표적인 방법론이며, 범죄 패턴 분석, 범죄 발생 예측 등 다양한 분야에서 연구되고 있다. 그러나 데이터마이닝의 결과가 범죄학에서의 범죄 환경요소와 어떤 관련이 있는지 혹은, 사건해결에 어떤 도움을 줄 수 있는지에 대한 연구는 이루어지고 있지 않다. 따라서 본 논문에서는, 범죄학에서 범죄의 발생과 범죄 환경요소들의 상호 관련성을 보이고 범죄 발생과 관련된 환경요소와 데이터마이닝에 활용되는 변수 간의 관계를 정의하고자 하였다. 또한, 국내 보호관찰소에서 보관되고 있는 절도범죄 데이터를 사용하여 실제로 데이터마이닝의 결과가 범죄 환경요소와 어떤 관련이 있는지를 보이기 위해 군집분석을 적용하였다. 그 결과 각 군집별로 범죄가 발생하는 환경에 차이가 있었으며, 이를 활용하여 데이터마이닝이 범죄학관점에서 범죄 예측 및 예방 활용에 유의미함을 보였다.

Keywords

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