DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

The Effect of Cattle Manure Application on Dry Matter Yield, Feed Value and Stock Carrying Capacity of Forage Crops in Gang-Wondo Area

강원도 지역에서 우분의 시용이 사료작물의 건물수량 사료가치 및 가축사육능력에 미치는 영향

  • 노진환 (연세대학교 생명과학기술학부) ;
  • 이희충 (연세대학교 생명과학기술학부) ;
  • 김윤중 (연세대학교 생명과학기술학부) ;
  • 박상수 (일본 지바대학 원예학부) ;
  • 이주삼 (연세대학교 생명과학기술학부)
  • Received : 2013.04.25
  • Accepted : 2013.05.29
  • Published : 2013.06.30

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cattle manure application on productivity, feed value, and stock carrying capacity of forage crops in upland and paddy fields at Gang-Wondo area. In the result, dry matter yield of sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrids obtained was 15.12 ton/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of composted cattle manure. Significantly highest values of crude protein and total digestible nutrients (TDN) yields obtained were 0.59 and 5.35 ton/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of composted cattle manure in the first cutting, and 0.44 and 3.70 ton/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of organic raw cattle manure in the second cutting, respectively. The values of $K_{CP}+K_{TDN}/2$ and $K_{ME}$ of sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrids obtained was 7.76 and 4.46 head/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of composted cattle manure. The dry matter yield, crude protein and TDN yields of rice straw were 4.95, 0.16 and 2.75 ton/ha at the level of 100kg N/ha of organic raw cattle manure, and the values of $K_{CP}+K_{TDN}/2$ and $K_{ME}$ of rice straw were 1.89 and 3.43 head/ha. The dry matter yield of winter crops, rye+red clover was 4.36 ton/ha in upland field, and rye+hairy vetch was 4.19 ton/ha in paddy field at the level of 100kg N/ha of composted cattle manure. Crude protein and TDN yields of rye+red clover was 0.29 and 2.38 ton/ha at the level of 100kg N/ha of composted cattle manure in upland field, and rye+hairy vetch was 0.30 and 2.48 ton/ha at the level of 80kg N/ha of composted cattle manure in paddy field. The values of $K_{CP}+K_{TDN}/2$ and $K_{ME}$ of rye+red clover was 2.34 and 2.15 head/ha in upland field, and rye+hairy vetch were 2.27 and 2.11 head/ha in paddy field, respectively. As the result, the productivity, feed value, and stock carrying capacity of sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrids showed higher values with composted cattle manure than organic raw cattle manure. rye+red clover in upland field and rye+hairy vetch in paddy field were most adaptable mixed combinations for roughage production at Gang-wondo area, it may due to their highly productivity, feed value, and stock carrying capacity.

본 실험은 강원지방에서 유기 생우분과 유기 발효우분을 시용하여 밭토양에서 하계작물로 sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass 교잡종과 동계작물로는 rye 단파구, rye+red clover 혼파구, 논토양에서 벼 '추청' 재배 후, rye 단파구, rye+hairy vetch 혼파구를 도입하였을 때, 각 초종과 작부조합의 건물생산성, 사료가치, 혼파효과 및 가축사육능력을 평가하여 강원지역에서 조사료 생산에 적합한 작부조합을 선정하고자 하였고, 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 하계작물로 밭토양에서 sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass 교잡종의 건물수량은 CCM150에서 15.12 ton/ha으로 많았으나, CM150과는 유의한 차이는 없었다. 조단백질 수량은 1차 예취에서 CCM150이 0.59ton/ha로 유의하게 많았고(p<0.05), 2차 예취에서는 CM150이 0.44ton/ha로 유의하게 많았다(p<0.05). $K_{CP}+K_{TDN}/2$ 값은 CCM 150이 7.76head/ha로 많았다. 논토양의 유기 생우분 시용구에서 볏짚의 건물수량은 4.95 ton/ha으로 화학비료 시용구의 4.84ton/ha보다 많았지만 유의한 차이는 없었다. 조단백질 함량은 화학비료 시용구의 볏짚이 4.09%로 유의하게 높았고(p<0.05), TDN 함량은 유기 생우분 시용구의 볏짚이 55.63%로 화학시용구의 볏짚 53.94%보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 유기 생우분 시용구에서 볏짚의 $K_{CP}+K_{TDN}/2$ 값은 연간 1.89head/ha였다. 동계작물로 밭토양의 rye+red clover 혼파구의 건물수량은 CCM100에서 4.36ton/ha로 많았으나, 다른 처리구와 유의한 차이가 없었다. Rye+red clover 혼파구의 조단백질 함량은 CCM100에서 7.33%로 높았으나 CM100에서 rye+red clover 혼파구의 7.19%와는 유의한 차이는 없었다. Rye+red clover 혼파구의 $K_{CP}$$K_{TDN}$ 값은 각각 2.32head/ha와 2.36head/ha로 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 많았다(p<0.05). 논토양에서는 rye+red clover 혼파구의 건물수량은 4.19ton/ha로 많았으나, rye 단파구와는 유의한 차이는 없었다. Rye+red clover 혼파구의 조단백질 함량과 TDN 함량은 각각 7.21%와 59.33%로 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 강원지방에서 유기우분을 시용하여 조사료를 생산할 경우 밭토양에서는 sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass 교잡종을 재배한 후 rye+red clover의 혼파가, 논토양에서는 벼 재배 후 rye+hairy vetch를 혼파하는 작부조합이 생산성, 사료가치 및 가축사육능력을 높이는데 우수하였다고 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Anon. 1973. Rondup (R) herbicids formulation of isopropylamine salt of glyphosate (Nphosphonomethglycine). Postmergence herbicide. Monsanto Agric. Div., St, Louis. Missouri. Tech. Bull. Mon0573-2-73.
  2. A.O.A.C. 1990. Official Methods of analysis (15th ed.). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington D.C.
  3. Caballero, R., E. L. Goicoechea, and P. J. Hernaiz. 1995. Forage yields and quality of common vetch and oat sown at varying seeding ratio and seeding rates of vetch. Field Crops Research (Spain). 41: 135-140. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-4290(94)00114-R
  4. Chang, C. and H. H. Janzen. 1995. Long-term fate of nitrogen from annual feedlot manure application. J. Environ. Qual. 25(4): 785-790.
  5. Dilz, K., K. J. Postmus, and W. H. Prins. 1990. Residual effect of long term applications of farmyard manure to silage maize. Fertilizer Research. 26: 249-252. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01048763
  6. EINH (Economic Institute of Nong Hyup). 2011. Supply and demand of world grain and food security
  7. Goering, H. K. and P. J. Van Soet. 1970. Forage fiber analysis. USDA Agric. Handbook No. 379, Washington, D.C.
  8. Holland. C., W. Kezar, W. P. Lazowski. E. J., Mahanna, W. C., and R. Reinhart. 1990. Pioneer forage manual: A nutritional guide, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. pp. 1-55.
  9. Hwang, K. J., S. B. Ko, H. S. Park, N. G. Park, M. S. Ko, M. C. Kim, and S. T. Song. 2007. Effect of cattle manure application on forage productivity and soil characteristics of pasture. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 27(1): 45-52. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2007.27.1.045
  10. Jo, I. H. 2003. A study on area types of recycling agriculture. Korean J. Organic Agric. 11(3): 93-110.
  11. Jo, I. H., Y. B. Yoon, W. R. Park, S. Hwangbo, S. H. Lee, and J. S. Lee. 2008. The effect of application of cattle slurry and chemical fertilizer on productivity of rye and hairy vetch by single or mixed sowing. J. Korean. Grassl. Forage Sci. 28(4): 323-330. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2008.28.4.323
  12. Joop, H. A. and M. Steenvoorden. 1989. Dairy manure management. Northeast Regional Agricultural Engineering Service. Ithaca, New York, 14853. NRAES-31.
  13. Ju, J. I., S. S. Lee, J. H. Yoo, J. J. Lee, K. H. Park, and H. B. Lee. 2008. Seed blending effect on growth, yield and feed value among winter cereals for whole crop silage. J. Korean. Grassl. Forage. Sci. 28(3): 203-214. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2008.28.3.203
  14. Kim, J. D., S. H. Yoon, E. S. Chung, Y. C. Lim, S. Seo, J. H. Seo, and J. Kim. 2002. Effect of seeding method and mixing ratio on the quality and productivity of rye-hairy vetch mixture. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 22(4): 233-240. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2002.22.4.233
  15. Lee, J. S. 2006. Organic seeding agriculture (Standard model development of nature-circulating organic agriculture). MAF. pp. 63-79.
  16. Lee, J. S. 2009. Studies on roughage production and their use enlargement. KILA. pp. 197.
  17. Linn, J. and N. Martin. 1989. Forage quality tests and interpretation. Univ. of Minnesota Ext. Serv. AG-FO-2637.
  18. Loomis R. S. and D. J. Connor. 1998. Crop Ecology. pp. 28. 52.
  19. Lund Z. F. and B. D. Doss. 1980. Residual effect of dairy cattle manure on plant growth and soil properties. Agron. J. 72: 123-130. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1980.00021962007200010025x
  20. MAFR (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs). 2011. Agricultural statistics
  21. Merkel, J. A. 1981. Managing livestock wastes. The Avi Publishing Co. Inc. pp. 73.
  22. NIAS (National Institute of Animal Science). 2007. Korean Feeding Standard (Cattle).
  23. Ofari, F. and W. R. Stern. 1987. Cereal-legume inter-cropping systems. Adv. Agron. 41: 41-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60802-0
  24. Park, J. H., K. Y. Yoon, S. S. Park, J. H. Noh, and J. S. Lee. 2011. Establishment of cropping system for organic forage production in middle region of Korea. Korean J. Organic. Agric. 19(3): 373-384.
  25. Park, S. S., J. H. Noh, J. H. Park, K. Y. Yoon, and J. S. Lee. 2012a. The effect of organic manure on dry matter yield, feed value and stock carrying capacity of sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrid in arable land. Korean J. of Organic Agric. 20(1): 59-70.
  26. Park, S. S., J. H. Noh, J. H. Park, K. Y. Yoon, and J. S. Lee. 2012b. Comparison of dry matter yield, feed value and stock carrying capacity at mixture of rye, riticale and legume in central region of Korea. Korean J. Organic Agric. 20(1): 71-80.
  27. Pisulewska, E., P, Hanczakowski, and P. Pisulewski. 1989. Yield, composition and nutritive value of leaf protein concentrates from mixed forages of cereals and legumes. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. (Netherlands). 27: 117-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(89)90136-3
  28. SAS. 2002. Statistical Analysis System ver. 9.2. SAS Institute INC., Cary, NC. USA.
  29. Seo, S., W. H. Kim, J. G. Kim, and G. J. Choi. 2004. Selection of promising forage crops and variety for forage production in paddy field. 1. Middle region(Suwon). J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 24(3): 207-216. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2004.24.3.207
  30. Spitters, C. J. T. 1980. Competition effects within mixed stands. In R. G. Hurd, P. V. Biscoe and C. Dennis (eds), Opportunities for increasing crop yields. pp. 219-231. Pitman, London.
  31. Yoon S. H., J. G. Kim, E. S. Jeong, and S. H. Sung. 2007. The study on double cropping system for organic forage production in middle part of Korea. J. Korean Grassl. Sci. 27(1): 275-280. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2007.27.4.275