Antimicrobial Activities and Free Radical Scavenging Effect of Korean Folk Plants

민속식물의 항균활성 및 산화적 스트레스 개선 효과

  • Choi, Jung Ran (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Dong Gu (Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University) ;
  • Ku, Jajung (Department of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum) ;
  • Lee, Sang Yong (Department of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum) ;
  • Kim, Hyun Ji (Department of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum) ;
  • Park, Kwang-Woo (Department of Forest Resource Conservation, Korea National Arboretum) ;
  • Cho, Eun Ju (Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University) ;
  • Lee, Sanghyun (Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University)
  • 최정란 (부산대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이동구 (중앙대학교 식물시스템과학과) ;
  • 구자정 (국립수목원 자원보존과) ;
  • 이상용 (국립수목원 자원보존과) ;
  • 김현지 (국립수목원 자원보존과) ;
  • 박광우 (국립수목원 자원보존과) ;
  • 조은주 (부산대학교 식품영양학과) ;
  • 이상현 (중앙대학교 식물시스템과학과)
  • Received : 2013.05.16
  • Accepted : 2013.06.10
  • Published : 2013.06.30

Abstract

We investigated the antioxidative and antimicrobial activities of the methanol extracts from Korean folk plants (MKs) in Chungcheong Province. Among 30 MKs, 16 plants at $100{\mu}g/ml$ showed over 90% scavenging activity of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazy (DPPH) and 30 plants exerted the hydroxyl radical scavenging effect over 55%. Fourteen plants at the concentration $50{\mu}g/30{\mu}l$ showed strong microbial inhibition activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with clear zone greater than 11 mm in disc assays. Furthermore, the protective effect against anti-inflammatory system using RAW 264.7 macrophage cell was also studied. The treatment of LPS & INF-${\gamma}$ to RAW 264.7 cell induced nitric oxide (NO), however inhibit the formation of NO less than 50% of 5 plants. The present result indicates that the 30 species of MKs exerts protective effect of oxidative stress, antimicrobial activities and anti-inflammatory. In particular, Rhus javanica and Cornus controversa showed stronger effect on not only radical scavenging activity and inhibits growth of S. aureus but also highest protective effects from inflammation.

Keywords

References

  1. Kehrer, J. P. (1993) Free radicals as mediators of tissue injury and disease. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 23: 34-39.
  2. Wiseman, H and Halliwell, B. (1996) Damage to DNA by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species: Role in inflammatory disease and progression to cancer. Biochem. J. 313: 17-29. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj3130017
  3. Szabo, C. and Ohshima, H. (1997) DNA Damage induced by peroxynitrite: Subsequent biological effects. Nitric Oxide 1: 373-385. https://doi.org/10.1006/niox.1997.0143
  4. Cheng, H. Y., Lin, T. C., Yu, K. H., Yang, C. M. and Lin, C. C. (2003) Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Terminalia chebula. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 26: 1331-1335. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.26.1331
  5. Salter, T. F. (1984) Free-radical mechanisms in tissue injury. Biochem. J. 222: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1042/bj2220001
  6. Ames, B. N., Shigenaga, M. K. and Hagen, T. M. (1993) Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A 90: 7915-7922. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.17.7915
  7. Heo, S. I. and Wang, M. H. (2008) Antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity effect of extracts from Taraxacum monogolium H. Kor. J. Pharmacogn. 39: 255-259.
  8. Lee, Y. M., Lee, J. J. and Lee, M. Y. (2008) Antioxidative effect of Pimpinella brachycarpa ethanol extract. J. Life Sci. 18: 247-273.
  9. Shin, D. H. (1990) Overview of natural, antimicrobial plant extract on food spoilage microorganism. J. Kor. Ind. 23: 68-77
  10. Fernandes, C. F., Flick, G. J., Cohen, J. and Thomas, T. B. (1998) Role of oranic acids during processing to improve quality of channel catfish fillets. J. Food Prot. 6: 495-498.
  11. Choi, H. K. (2001) A study on the antibacterial activity of garlic against Escherichia coli O157. J. Practical Education 14: 159-167.
  12. Buchanan, R. L. and Doyle, M. P. (1997) Foodborne disease significance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Food Technol. 51: 69-76.
  13. Mead, P. S. and Griffin, P. M. (1998) Escherichia coli O157:H7. Lancet 352: 1207-1212. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(98)01267-7
  14. Lerrer, B., Zinger-Yosovich, K. D., Avrahami, B. and Gilboa- Garber, N. (2007) Honey and royal jelly, like human milk, abrogate lectin-dependent infection-preceding Pseudomonas aeruginosa adhesion. ISME J. 1: 149-155. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2007.20
  15. Kang, M. W. and Kim, Y. R. (1993) Infection of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J. Korean Soc. Chemother. 11: 17-26.
  16. Hamayun, M., Khan, S. A., Sohn, E. Y. and Lee, I. J. (2006) Folk medicinal knowledge and conservation status of some economically valued medicinal plants of District swat, Parkistan. Lyonia 11: 101-113.
  17. Kim, J. C., Choi, G. J., Lee, S. W., Kim, J. S., Chung, K. Y. and Cho, K. Y. (2004) Screening extracts of Achyranthes japonica and Rumex crispus for activity against various plant pathogenic fungi and control of powdery mildew. Pest. Manage. Sci. 60: 803-808. https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.811
  18. Ahn, S. Y., Kim, J. H., Choi, S. J. and Kim, Y. J. (2009) Current status and prospect of cultivation of wild vegetable crop. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 27: S36.
  19. Choi, B. B., Lee, H. J. and Bang, S. K. (2004) Studies on the amino acid, sugar analysis and antioxidative effect of extracts from Artemisia sp. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 17: 86-91.
  20. Ham, S. S., Lee, S. S., Oh, D. H., Kim, S. H. and Hong, J. G. (1997) Development of beverages drinks using mountain edible herbs. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 26: 92-97.
  21. Lee, S. O., Lee, H. J., Yu, M. H., Im, H. G. and Lee, I. S. (2005) Total polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities of methanol extracts from vegetables produced in Ullung island. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 37: 233-240.
  22. Nam, Y. and Baik, J. (2005) Status of research and possibility of development about endemic wild vegetables in Korea. J. Kor. Soc. People Plants Environ. 18: 1-10.
  23. Hatano, T., Edamaysu, R., Hiramatsu, M., Mori, A., Fujita, Y., Yasuhara, T., Yoshida, T. and Okuda, T. (1989) Effect of the interaction of tannins with co-exisiting substances, VI. Effects of tannins and related polyphenols on superoxide anion radical and on 1.1-diphenyle-2-pricrylhydrazyl radical. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37: 2016-2021. https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.37.2016
  24. Chung, S. K., Osawa, T. and Kawakishi, S. (1997) Hydroxy radical-scavenging effects of spices and scavengers from brown mustard (Brassica nigra). Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 61: 118-123. https://doi.org/10.1271/bbb.61.118
  25. Davidson, P. M. and Parish, M. E. (1989) Methods for testing the efficacy of food antimicrobials. Food Technol. 43: 148-155
  26. Mosman, T. (1983) Rapid colormetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. J. Immunol. Met. 65: 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
  27. Green, L. C., Wanger, D. A., Glogowski. J., Skipper, P. L., Wishnok, J. S. and Tannenbaum, S. R. (1982) Analysis of nitrate, nitrite, and [ 15 N]nitrate in biological fluids. Anal. Biochem. 126: 131-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(82)90118-X
  28. Hong, J., Wei, M. J., Leem, D. G., Park, K. S., Yoon, T. H., No, K. M. and Jeong, J. Y. (2010) Evaluation of antioxidants activity through the chemical assay. J. Biomed. Res. 11: 1-8.
  29. Tsuda, T., Shiga, K., Ohshima, K., Kawakishi, S. and Osawa, T. (1996) Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the active oxygen radical scavenging effect of anthocyanin pigment isolated from Phaseolus vulgaris L. Biochem. Pharmacol. 52: 1033- 1039. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(96)00421-2
  30. Jeong, C, H., Bae, Y. I., Shim, K. H. and Choi, J. S. (2004) Radical scavenging effect and antimicrobial activities of plantain (Plantago asiatica L.) extracts. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 33: 1601-1605. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2004.33.10.1601
  31. Kang-Rotondo, C. H., Major, S., Chiang, T. M., Myers, L. K. and Kang, E. S. (1996) Upregulation of nitric oxide synthase in cultured human keratinocytes after ultraviolet B and bradykinin. Photodermatol. Photo-immunol. Phtomed. 12: 57-65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0781.1996.tb00176.x
  32. Funk, C. D. (2001) Prostaglandins and leukotrienes: advances in eicosanoid biology. Science 294: 1871-1875. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.294.5548.1871
  33. Higuchi, M., Higashi, N., Taki, H. and Osawa, T. (1990) Cytolytic mechanism of activated macrophages. Tumor necrosis factor and L-arginine-dependent mechanisims act synergistically as the major cytolytic mechanisms of activated macrophage. J. Immunol. 144: 1425-1431.
  34. Lee, Y. S., Kim, H. S., Kim, S. K. and Kim, S. D. (2000) IL- 6 mRNA expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages and NIH3T3 fibroblasts in reponse to Candida albicans. J. Micro. Biol. Biotechnol. 10: 8-15.
  35. Lee, S. J. and Lim, K. T. (2008) Phytology coprotein inhibits interleukin-1β‚ and interleukin-6 via p38 mitogen activated protein kinase in lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Naunyn. Schmied. Arch. Pharmacol. 377: 45-54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00210-007-0253-8
  36. Oh, J. Y., Choi, U., Kim, Y. S. and Shin, D. H. (2003) Isolation and Identification of antioxidative components from bark of Rhus javanica Linne. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 35: 726-732.
  37. Chang, H. S. and Choi, I. (2012) Antimicrobial activities of medicinal herb extracts. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 41: 261-269. https://doi.org/10.3746/jkfn.2012.41.2.261
  38. Lee, D., Lee, S. H., Chung, S. R., Ro, J. and Lee, K. (1995) Phenolic components from the leaves of Cornus controversa H. Kor. J. Pharmacogn. 26: 327-336.