Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회지)

The Korean Society of Food Hygiene and Safety (한국식품위생안전성학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Detection of Heavy Metal Contents in Sesame Oil Samples Grown in Korea Using Microwave-Assisted Acid Digestion

  • Park, Min-Kyoung (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Yoo, Ji-Hyock (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Je-Bong (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Im, Geon-Jae (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Doo-Ho (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Won-Il (Department of Agro-Food Safety, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • Received : 2012.07.20
  • Accepted : 2013.02.25
  • Published : 2013.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aimed to determine heavy metal contents in sesame oil samples produced in Korea through microwave-assisted acid digestion without using an emulsifier. Three heavy metal, cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) in twelve sesame oil samples were determined by ICP-MS. The validation of analysis method was checked by standard addition method (10 and $100{\mu}g/kg$). As a result, linearity ($R^2$) was above 0.999 and RSDs were lower than 4%. The recovery of Cd, Pb and As ranged between 98.5-101.6%, 100.3-101.3%, and 102.1-111.2%, respectively. The detected ranges in sesame oil samples were as follows; N.D. to $0.109{\mu}g/g$ for Cd, 0.014 to $0.200{\mu}g/g$ for Pb and 0.014 to $0.125{\mu}g/g$ for As, respectively. Therefore, sesame seeds and products grown in heavy metal-polluted regions which are used as food should be given priority attention and consideration.

본 연구에서는 유화제를 사용하지 않고 초단파 산분해법을 이용해 우리나라에서생산된 참기름의 중금속을 측정하고자 하였다. ICP-MS를 통해 12개의 참기름 시료에 오염된 카드뮴, 납, 비소의 3종 중금속을 분석하였다. 분석법의 검증 결과 카드뮴, 납, 비소 모두 직선성($r^2$)이 0.99 이상이며 RSD는 4% 이하였다. 또한, 분석법의 정확성 및 효율성 측정을 위해 중금속 $10{\mu}g/g$과 $100{\mu}g/g$을 첨가한 시료를 분석한 결과, 회수율이 카드뮴 98.5-101.6%, 납 100.3-101.3%, 비소 102.1-111.2%로 우수하게 나타났다. 본 분석법을 이용하여 분석한 참기름 시료의 중금속 함량은 카드뮴 불검출${\sim}0.109{\mu}g/g$, 납 $0.014{\sim}0.200{\mu}g/g$, 비소 $0.014{\sim}0.125{\mu}g/g$이었다. 따라서, 중금속 오염지역에서 생산된 참깨 및 이를 이용한 가공품의 경우 섭취에 주의할 필요가 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Supported by : Rural Development Administration

References

  1. Dugo, G., Pera, L.L., La Torre, G.L. and Giuffrida, D.: Determination of Cd(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) content in commercial vegetable oils using deriavative potentiometric stripping analysis. Food Chemistry, 87, 639-645 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2003.12.035
  2. Namiki, M.: The chemistry and physiological functions of sesame. Food Reviews International, 11, 281-329 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129509541043
  3. Yamashita, K., Iizuka, Y., Imai, T. and Namiki, M.: Sesame seed and its lignans produce marketed enhancement of vitamin E activity in rats fed a low $\alpha$-tocopherol diet. Lipids, 10, 1019-1028 (1995).
  4. Kang, M.H., Ryu, S.N., Ban, J.K., Kang, C.H., Kim, D.H. and Lee, B.H.: Physicochemical properties of introduced and domestic sesame seeds. J Korean Soc Food Sci. Nutr., 29, 188-192 (2000).
  5. Murillo, M., Benzo, Z., Marcano, E., Gomez, C., Garaboto, A. and Marin, C.: Determination of cooper, iron and nickel in edible oils using emulsified solutions by ICP-AES. J. of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 14, 815-820 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1039/a808159j
  6. Codex Alimentarius Commission. Codex general standard for contaminants and toxins in food and feed. CODEX STAN 193-1995.
  7. EC Commision. Regulation CE466/2001. Maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs. EC Commision, Brussels, Belgium (2001).
  8. Cruz, A.R., Vique, C.C., Tovar, M.L.L. and Martinez, M.C.L.: Lead and cadmium content in sunflower oil. Grassas y Aceites, 52, 229-234 (2001).
  9. Bednarova, J.: Hromadei olova vybranymi populacemi roslin. Acta Univ. palack. olomuc fac. rerum natur Biol., 93(28), 21- 25 (1988).
  10. Tahvonen, R.: Contents of lead and cadmium in food and diets. Food Reviews International, 12, 1-70 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1080/87559129609541067
  11. De Leorardis, A., Macciola, V. and De Felice, M.: Copper and iron determination inedible vegetable oils by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry after extraction with diluted nitric acid. International J. of Food Science and Technology, 35(4), 371-375 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2621.2000.00389.x
  12. Bati, B. and Cesur, H.: Determination of copper in edible oils by atomic absorption spectrometry after lead piperazinedithiocarbamate solid-phase extraction and potassium cyanide backextraction. Analytical Science, 18, 1273-1274 (2002). https://doi.org/10.2116/analsci.18.1273
  13. Chen, S.S., Lee, I.Y., Cheng, C.C. and Chou, S.S.: Determination of arsenic in edible fats and oils by focused microwave digestion and atomic fluorescence spectrometer. Journal of Food and drug Analysis, 9(2), 121-125 (2001).
  14. Mendil, D., Uluozlu, O.D., Tuzen, M. and Soylak, M.: Investigation of the levels of some element in edible oil samples produced in Turkey by atomic absorption spectrometry. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 165, 724-728 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.046
  15. Castillo, J.R., Jimenez, M.S. and Ebdon, L.: Semiquantitative simultaneous determination of metals in olive oil using direct emulsion nebulization. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 14, 1515-1518 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1039/a900754g
  16. Lee, S.W., Jeung, M.K., Park, M.H., Lee, S.Y. and Lee, J.H.: Effect of roasting conditions of sesame on the oxidative stability of pressed oil during thermal oxidation. Food Chemistry 118, 681-685 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.05.040
  17. Tinggi, U.: Cadmium levels in peanut products. Food Addictive and Contaminant, 15, 789-792 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1080/02652039809374711
  18. KFDA. Monitoring of heavy metals in vegetables. Seoul, Korea (2009).
  19. Zhu, F., Fan, W., Wanng, X., Qu, L. and Yao, S.: Health risk assessment of eight heavy metals in nine varieties of edible vegetables oils consumed in China. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49, 3081-3085 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2011.09.019
  20. Pehlivan, E., Arslan, G., Gode, F., Altun, T. and Mosa Ozcan, M.: Determination of some inorganic metals in edible vegetable oils by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Grasas Y Aceites, 59(3), 239-244(2008).
  21. EFSA: Scientific Opinion on arsenic in food. EFSA Journal, 7(10), 1351 (2009). https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1351
  22. Anthemidis, A.N., Arvanitidis, V. and Stratis, J.A.: On-line emulsion formation and multi-element analysis of edible oils. Analytica Chimica Acta, 537, 271-278 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2005.01.035
  23. MAFF. Metals in cold pressed oils, Index to MAFF UK Food Surveillance Information Sheets. London, UK (1997).
  24. Ansari, R., Kazi, T.G., Jamali, M.K., Arain, M.B., Wagan, M.D., Jalbani, N., Afridi, H.I. and Shah, A.Q.: Variation in accumulation of heavy metals in different verities of sunflower seed oil with the aid of multivariate technique. Food Chemistry, 115, 318-323 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.11.051
  25. Mendil, D., Uluozlu, O.D., Tuzen, M. and Soylak, M.: Investigation of the levels of some element in edible oil samples produced in Turkey by atomic absorption spectrometry. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 165, 724-728 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.10.046

Cited by

  1. Physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacities, and metal contents of virgin coconut oil produced by wet and dry processes vol.6, pp.5, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.671