암석학회지 (The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea)

한국암석학회 (The Petrological Society of Korea)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

한반도 남동부 경주시 양북면 마이오세 입천소분지의 형성과 발달사

Formation and Evolution of the Miocene Ipcheon Subbasin in Yangbuk-myeon, Gyeongju, SE Korea

  • 성창훈 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 천영범 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 손문 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과) ;
  • 손영관 (경상대학교 지구환경과학과) ;
  • 김진섭 (부산대학교 지질환경과학과)
  • Seong, Changhun (Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Cheon, Youngbeom (Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Son, Moon (Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Sohn, Young Kwan (Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Seop (Department of Geological Sciences, Pusan National University)
  • 투고 : 2013.01.07
  • 심사 : 2013.02.21
  • 발행 : 2013.03.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

입천소분지는 기반암과 단층으로 경계되며 북동 방향으로 길쭉한 형태의 비대칭 지구의 기하를 가지는 분지로 인근 와읍과 어일분지와는 기반암에 의해 격리되어 있는 독립된 소규모 마이오세 분지이다. 분지충전물의 층리는 대부분 북서 내지 서북서 방향으로 경사지며, 분지 북동부에는 데사이트질 화산물질을 다량 포함하는 전기 마이오세 퇴적물이 그리고 남서부에는 사암을 협재하는 비화산성 중기 마이오세 육성 역암이 분포한다. 또한 분지충전물 내 퇴적동시기 공액상 정단층들은 분지가 서북서-동남동 방향으로 확장하였음을 지시한다. 이러한 특징들은 인근 와읍 및 어일분지와 것들과 매우 유사한 것으로, 분지의 확장이 북서부 경계단층에 의해 주도되었으며 분지의 열개가 북서에서 남동으로 전파되었음을 지시한다. 한편, 입천소분지 내에는 어일분지에서 흔히 나타나는 현무암질 화산물질이 관찰되지 않는다. 슬랩과 경하관찰 결과, 입천소 분지의 데사이트질 응회암과 응회질 이암은 와읍분지의 용동리응회암과 매우 유사한 특징을 보인다. 중기 마이오세의 비화산성 퇴적층은 와읍과 어일분지 그리고 입천소분지에 공통적으로 분지의 남서부에 분포한다. 따라서 입천소분지의 확장은 22 Ma 경 와읍분지의 확장과 함께 시작되어 다량의 데사이트질 화산물질이 유입되었으며, 이후 어일분지의 주 확장시기인 20~18 Ma 사이에는 확장을 멈추었다가, 약 17 Ma에 이르러 연일 구조선의 운동과 함께 분지의 열개가 남서쪽으로 전파되면서 중기 마이오세 초의 연일층군에 해당하는 비화산성 역암이 분지의 남서부에 퇴적된 것으로 결론지어진다.

The Ipcheon Subbasin is an isolated Miocene basin in SE Korea, which has the geometry of an asymmetric graben elongated in the NE-SW direction. It is in contact with basement rocks by faults and separated from adjacent Waup and Eoil basins by the basement. The strata of the basin fills have an overall homoclinal structure, dipping toward NW or WNW. The basin fills consist of Early Miocene sediments rich in dacitic volcanic and volcaniclastic deposits and Middle Miocene non-volcanic and nonmarine conglomerates intercalated with sand layers, which are distributed in the northeastern and southwestern parts of the basin, respectively. Kinematic analysis of syndepositional conjugate faults in the basin fills indicates WNW-ESE extension of the basin. These features are very similar to those of the adjacent Waup and Eoil basins, indicating that the basin extension was governed by the NE-trending northwestern border faults and that the basin experienced a propagating rifting from NE to SW. Basaltic materials, which occur abundantly in the Eoil Basin, are totally absent in the Ipcheon Subbasin. The observations of the dacitic tuff and tuffaceous mudstone in the subbasin, on slabs and under microscope, suggest that they have lithologies very similar to those of the Yondongri Tuff in the Waup Basin. The Middle Miocene non-volcanic sediments of the Waup and Eoil basins and the Ipcheon Subbasin are distributed consistently in the southwestern part of each basin. It is thus concluded that the extension of the Ipcheon Subbasin began at about 22 Ma together with the Waup Basin and was lulled during the main extension period of the Eoil Basin between 20-18 Ma. At about 17 Ma, the subbasin was re-extended due to the activation of the Yeonil Tectonic Line associated with the propagating rifting toward SW. This event is interpreted to have provided new sedimentation space for the Middle Miocene sediments in the southwestern parts of the Waup and Eoil basins and the Ipcheon Subbasin as well.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Allen, P.A. and Allen, J.R., 2005, Basin analysis: Principles and Applications, 2nd Edition. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford London, 560p.
  2. Byun, H., 1995, Cenozoic dinoflagellate cysts from the Pohang Basin and the southern margin of the Ulleung Basin. Ph.D. dissertation, Chungnam National University, 283p.
  3. Cas, R.A.F. and Wright, J.V., 1987, Volcanic Successions: Modern and Ancient. Allen & Unwin, London, 528p.
  4. Cheon, Y., Son, M., Song, C.W., Kim, J.-S. and Sohn, Y.K., 2012, Geometry and kinematics of the Ocheon Fault System along the boundary between the Miocene Pohang and Janggi basins, SE Korea, and its tectonic implications. Geosciences Journal, 16, 253-273. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12303-012-0029-0
  5. Cho, H., Kwon, C.W., Jeong, J.O., Kim, M.C., Son, M. and Sohn, Y.K., 2012, Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) of the Eoil Basalt in the Miocene Eoil Basin, SE Korea: A discussion of paleocurrent direction and source vent location of lava flow and basin evolution (Abstract). 2012 Joint Conference of the Geological Science & Technology of Korea, Goseong, 47.
  6. Chwae, U.C., Hwang, J.H., Yun, U. and Kim, D.H., 1988, Geological report of the Eoil sheet, 1:25,000. Korean Institute of Energy and Resources, 41p.
  7. Fisher, R.V. and Schmincke, H.-U., 1984, Pyroclastic rocks. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Tokyo, 472p.
  8. Gawthorpe, R.L. and Leeder, M.R., 2000, Tectono-sedimentary evolution of active extensional basins. Basin Research, 12, 195-218. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2117.2000.00121.x
  9. Han, J.H., Kwak, Y.H., Son, J.D. and Son, B.K., 1987, Tectonic evolution and depositional environments of the Tertiary sedimentary basin, southeastern part of Korea. Report KR-86-2-(B)-4, Korea Institute of Energy and Resources, Seoul, 109p.
  10. Jeong, J.O., Kwon, C.W. and Sohn, Y.K., 2006, The Paljori Tuff in the Miocene Eoil Basin, SE Korea: primary and secondary volcaniclastic sedimentation in a fluvio-lacustrine setting. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea. 42, 175-197.
  11. Jin, M.S., Kim, S.J. and Shin, S.C., 1988, K/Ar and fissiontrack datings for volcanic rocks in the Pohang-Kampo area. Report KD-87-27, Korea Institute of Energy and Resources, Daejeon, 51-88.
  12. Jin, M.S., Kim, S.J., Shin, S.C. and Lee, J.Y., 1989, K/Ar and fission-track datings for granites and volcanic rocks in the southeastern part of Korean peninsula. KD-88-6D, Korea Institute of Energy and Resources, Daejeon, 53-84.
  13. Jolivet, L. and Tamaki, K., 1992, Neogene kinematics in the Japan Sea region and volcanic activity of the Northeast Japan Arc. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Scientific Results, 127/128, 1311-1331.
  14. Jung, S.H., Kim, M.C., Cho, H., Son, M. and Sohn, Y.K., 2012, Basin fills and geological structures of the Miocene Yangpo subbasin in the Janggi-myeon, Pohang, SE Korea. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 48, 49-68.
  15. Kim, B.K., 1970, A study on the Neogene Tertiary deposits in Korea. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 6, 77-96.
  16. Kim, B.K. and Yoon, S., 1978, Some molluscan fossils from the uppermost part of the Neogene deposits of the Pohang basin, Korea. The Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 14, 1-12.
  17. Kim, I.-S., 1992, Origin and tectonic evolution of the East Sea (Sea of Japan) and the Yangsan fault system: a new synthetic interpretation. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 28, 84-109.
  18. Kim, I.-S. and Kang, H.-C., 1989, Palaeomagnetism of Tertiary rocks in the Oil (Eoil) basin and its vicinities, southeast Korea. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 25, 273-293.
  19. Kim, I.-S. and Kang, H.-C., 1996, Palaeomagnetism of Tertiary basins in Southern Korea: 1. Changgi basin. Economic and Environmental Geology, 29, 357-367.
  20. Kim, J.-S., Son, M., Kim, J.S. and Kim I.-S., 2002, Tertiary dyke swarms and their tectonic importance in the southeastern part of the Korean peninsula. Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea, 11, 169-181.
  21. Kim, J.-S., Son, M., Kim, J.-S. and Kim, J., 2005, $^{40}Ar/^{39}Ar$ ages of the Tertiary dike swarm and volcanic rocks, SE Korea. Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea, 14, 93-107.
  22. Kim, K.H. and Doh, S.-J., 1994, Paleomagnetic study of the Tertiary formations in the Yangnam basin. Journal of Korean Earth Science Society, 15, 36-45.
  23. Kim, K.H., Won, J.K., Matsuda, J., Nagao, K. and Lee, M.W., 1986, Paleomagnetism and K-Ar age of volcanic rocks for Guryongpo area. Journal of the Korean Institute of Mining Geology, 19, 231-239.
  24. Kim, M.C., Kim, J.-S., Jung, S., Son, M. and Sohn, Y.K., 2011, Classification and stratigraphy of the Miocene basin fills in the northern area of the Janggi-myeon, Pohang, SE Korea. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 47, 585-612.
  25. Kim, W.H., 1990, Significance of Early to Middle Miocene planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy of the E-core in the Pohang basin, Korea. Journal of the Paleontological Society of Korea, 6, 144-164.
  26. Kwon C.W. and Sohn Y.K., 2008, Tephra-filled volcanic neck (diatreme) of a mafic tuff ring at Maegok, Miocene Eoil Basin, SE Korea. Geosciences Journal, 12, 317-329. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12303-008-0032-7
  27. Kwon C.W., Jeong J.O. and Sohn Y.K., 2011, Sedimentary records of rift to pull-apart tectonics in the Miocene Eoil Basin, SE Korea. Sedimentary Geology, 236, 256-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2011.01.011
  28. Lee, H.K., Moon, H.-S., Min, K.D., Kim, I.-S., Yun, H. and Itaya, T., 1992, Paleomagnetism, stratigraphy and geologic structure of the Tertiary Pohang and Changgi basins; K-Ar ages for the volcanic rocks. Journal of the Korean Institute of Mining Geology, 25, 337-349.
  29. Lucchitta, I. and Suneson, N.H., 1993, Dips and extension. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America, 105, 1346-1356. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1993)105<1346:DAE>2.3.CO;2
  30. Miall, A.D., 1990, Principles of Sedimentary Basin Analysis. 2nd edition., Springer-Verlag, New York, 668p.
  31. Min, K.D., Kim, W.K., Lee, D.H., Lee, Y.S., Kim, I.-S. and Lee, Y.-H., 1994, Paleomagnetic study on the Tertiary rocks in Pohang area. Economic and Environmental Geology, 27, 49-63.
  32. Otofuji, Y.-I., Matsuda, T. and Nohda, S., 1985, Opening mode of the Japan Sea inferred from the palaeomagnetism of the Japan Arc. Nature, 317, 603-604. https://doi.org/10.1038/317603a0
  33. Schlische, R.W., 1993, Anatomy and evoltion of the Triassic-Jurassic continental rift system, eastern North America. Tectonics, 12, 1026-1042. https://doi.org/10.1029/93TC01062
  34. Seong, C., Cheon, Y., Son, M. and Sohn, Y.K., 2012, Geometry and Geological Structures of Miocene Ipcheon Subbasin in Yangbuk-myeon, Gyungju: Preliminary Study (Abstract). 2012 Joint Conference of the Geological Science & Technology of Korea, Jeongseon, 231.
  35. Son, M., 1998, Formation and evolution of the Tertiary Miocene basins in southeastern Korea: Structural and paleomagnetic approaches. Ph.D. dissertation, Pusan National University, 233p.
  36. Son, M. and Kim, I.-S., 1994, Geological structures and evolution of the Tertiary Chongja basin, southeastern margin of the Korean peninsula. Economic and Environmental Geology, 27, 65-80.
  37. Son, M., Kang, H.-C. and Kim, I.-S., 1996, Palaeomagnetism of Tertiary basins in southern Korea: 3. Chongja-Ulsan basins and its vicinities. Economic and Environmental Geology, 29, 509-522.
  38. Son, M., Seo, H.J. and Kim, I.-S., 2000a, Geological structures and evolution of the Miocene Eoil Basin, Southeastern Korea. Geosciences Journal, 4, 73-88. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02910128
  39. Son, M., Chong, H.-Y. and Kim, I.-S., 2002, Geology and geological structures in the vicinities of the southern part of the Yonil Tectonic Line, SE Korea. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 38, 175-197.
  40. Son, M., Kim, I.-S. and Sohn, Y.K., 2005, Evolution of the Miocene Waup Basin, SE Korea, in response to dextral shear along the southwestern margin of the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 25, 529-544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2004.06.003
  41. Son, M., Kim, J.-S., Chong, H.-Y., Lee, Y.H. and Kim, I.-S., 2007, Characteristics of the Cenozoic crustal deformation in SE Korea and their tectonic implications. The Korean Society of Petroleum Geology, 13, 1-16.
  42. Son, M., Kim, I.-S., Lee, D., Lee, J.-D., Kim, J.S. and Paik, I.S., 2000b, Geological characteristics in the eastern part of the Ulsan fault area, Korea: Structural Geology and Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility (AMS) in the Tertiary Miocene Waup basin. Journal of the Geological Society of Korea, 36, 195-216.
  43. Tateiwa, I., 1924, 1:50,000 Geological atlas of Chosen, No. 2, Ennichi, Kuryuho and Choyo sheets, 6 p., 3 maps. Geological Survey, Government-General of Chosen.
  44. Wernicke, B. and Burchfiel, B.C., 1982, Modes of extensional tectonics. Journal of Structural Geology, 4, 105-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(82)90021-9
  45. Wise, D.U., 1992, Dip Domain Method Applied to the Mesozoic Connecticut Valley Rift Basins. Tectonics, 11, 1357-1368. https://doi.org/10.1029/92TC01103
  46. Yi, S., 1992, Miocene calcareous nannoplankton from the Pohang basin, Korea. Ph.D. dissertation, Chungnam National University, 119p.
  47. Yi, S. and Yun, H., 1992, Miocene calcareous nannoplankton from the Pohang basin, Korea. Journal of the Paleontological Society of Korea Special Publication, 1, 194.
  48. Yi, S. and Yun, H., 1995, Miocene calcareous nannoplankton from the Pohang Basin, Korea. Palaeontographica Abteilung B Palaeophytologie, 237, 113-158.
  49. Yoon, S., 1976, The geological and paleontological study of the Tertiary deposits of the Janggi-Eoil District of Korea. No. 1. Stratigraphy and geologic age of the Songjeon Formation. University Journal of Pusan National University, 21, 11-19.
  50. Yoon, S., 1986, Tectonic history of the Tertiary Pohang and Yangnam basins, Korea. In: Nakagawa, H., Kotaka, T. and Takayanagi, Y. (eds.), Kitamura Commemorative Volume, Essays in Geology, 637-644.
  51. Yoon, S., 1992, Geology of the Tertiary Yangnam and Pohang Basins, Korea. Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossils Musium, 19, 13-31.
  52. Yoon, S., 1997, Miocene-Pleistocene volcanism and tectonics in southern Korea and their relationship to the opening of the Japan Sea. Tectonophysics, 281, 53-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(97)00158-3

피인용 문헌

  1. Occurrences and paleoenvironments of the petrified wood-bearing deposits in the Gampo Conglomerate, Waeup-ri, Gyeongju, Korea vol.52, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.14770/jgsk.2016.52.1.1
  2. Miocene tectonic evolution of the basins and fault systems, SE Korea: dextral, simple shear during the East Sea (Sea of Japan) opening vol.172, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2014-079