암석학회지 (The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea)

한국암석학회 (The Petrological Society of Korea)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

울릉도 국수바위 주상절리의 형성과정과 자연유산적인 가치

Forming processes and the Value of the Natural Heritage of the Guksubawi in Ulleung Island, Korea

  • Woo, Hyeon Dong (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Park, Jin Soo (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Oh, Han Sol (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jang, Yun Deuk (Department of Geology, Kyungpook National University)
  • 투고 : 2012.09.05
  • 심사 : 2013.01.14
  • 발행 : 2013.03.31
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

울릉도 서면의 비파산에는 마치 국수가락과 같은 독특한 외관을 가진 조면암질 단애가 위치하고 있다. 이 단애는 외관상의 특징에 의해 국수바위라 명명되었으며 북쪽을 제외한 삼면에 단애가 발달하고 있고 각 면에서 아수직 방향의 주상절리를 뚜렷하게 보여주고 있다. 이 주상절리는 노출된 방향에 따라 형태 및 광물학적으로 상이한 특징을 보이고 있으며 이 경향은 동쪽 면과 서쪽면의 대조에서 두드러진다. 본문에서는 양 측면에 노출된 주상절리의 대조를 바탕으로 용암의 분출 이 후의 냉각과정에 대해 고찰하였다. 형태학적인 측면에서 동쪽 면은 서쪽 면에 비해 주상절리와 끌 구조의 간격이 좁고 절리면이 비교적 뚜렷하게 발달하고 있다. 그리고 광물학적인 측면에서 서쪽 면의 조면암은 동쪽 면에 비해 반정이 크고 취반상조직을 보이며 라쓰상의 사장석에 의한 트라카이틱조직이 미약하다. 이러한 차이점을 중심으로 하여 고온의 암체가 냉각될 때 보이는 전형적인 온도구배를 모델링하였으며, 그 결과 동쪽 면은 서쪽 면에 비해 암체의 바깥쪽에 해당하였을 것이라는 추론에 부합하였다. 국수바위의 주상절리는 경관적인 가치와 함께 조면암질 용암에서 발달하는 주상절리의 형성과정에 대한 학술적인 중요성으로 자연유산적인 보전가치가 높은 것으로 판단된다.

Trachytic cliff showing a unique appearance like noodle is located in the Mt. Bipa, Seo-myeon, Ulleung island. This cliff is named 'Guksubawi'(means noodle-like rock) by its appearance. There is cliffs on three sides except north side and each side shows semi-vertical columnar joints obviously. This columnar joint has different character in appearance and mineralogy according to their direction and this tendency is remarkable in contrast between the east side and the west side. The consideration of the cooling processes after eruption of trachytic lava based on the contrast of both columnar joints dealt in the full text. In the morphological approach, the columnar joint on the east side has narrower space and chisel-like marks than the west side. And the joint walls are sharper on the east side than west side too. In the mineralogical approach, then, trachyte on the west side has bigger phenocrysts than the east side and is showing glomeroporphyritic texture and weak trachytic textures of lath of plagioclase. Around these differences between the east side and the west side, it modelled the typical temperature gradient while the cooling processes of hot rocks and the east side, consequently, corresponds to exterior of the entire trachytic volume. The columnar joint of the Guksubawi has the value of landscape and scientific importance about the forming processes of the columnar joint of trachytic lava, and so supposed it has enough values to preserved as natural heritage.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Arai, F., Oba, T., Kitazato, H., Horibe, Y. and Machida, H., 1981, Late Quaternary tephrochronology and paleo-oceanography of the sediments of the Japan Sea. The Quaternary Reasearch, 20, 209-230.
  2. Carslaw, H.S. and Jaeger, J.C., 1959, Conduction of Heat in Solids, 2nd edition. Oxford University Press, Inc., New York, p. 510.
  3. Dance, M., Hancock, P.L., Sparks, R.S.J. and Wallman, A., 2000, Fracture and surface crust development in a Holocene pahoehoe lava flow on the Island of Tenerife, Canaries. Journal of Structural Geology, 23, 165-182.
  4. DeGraff, J.M. and Aydin, A., 1987, Surface morphology of columnar joints and its significance to mechanics and direction of joint growth. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 99, 605-617. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1987)99<605:SMOCJA>2.0.CO;2
  5. DeGraff, J.M., Aydin, A., 1993, Effect of thermal regime on growth increment and spacing of contraction joints in basaltic lava. Journal of Geophysical Research, 98, 6411-6430. https://doi.org/10.1029/92JB01709
  6. Goehring, L., 2003, A Study of 3D Crack Patterns and Columnar Jointing in Corn Starch. Ph.D. dissertation, Toronto University, p. 61.
  7. Goehring, L., Mahadevan, L. and Morris, S.W., 2009, Non-equilibrium scale selection mechanism for columnar jointing. PNAS, 106, 387-392. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805132106
  8. Im, J.H., Choo, C.O. and Jang, Y.D., Petrological and Mineralogical Characteristics of Matrix of Pumice in Ulleung Island. The Mineralogical Society of Korea, 24, 151-164. https://doi.org/10.9727/jmsk.2011.24.3.151
  9. Kim, K.B. and Lee, G.D., 2008, A Study on Volcanic Stratigraphy and Fault of Ulleung-do, Korea. The Journal of Engineering Geology, 2, 321-330.
  10. Kim, K.H., Tanaka, T., Nagao, K. and Jang, S.K., 1999, Nd and Sr isotopes and K-Ar ages of the Ulreungdo alkali volcanic rocks in the East Sea, South Korea. Geochemical Journal, 33, 317-341. https://doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.33.317
  11. Kim, Y.K. and Lee, D.S., 1983, Petrology of Alkali Volcanic Rocks in Northern part of Ulrung Island. The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology, 16, 19-36.
  12. Machida, H., Arai, F., Lee, B.S., Moriwaki, H. and Furuta, T., 1984, Late Quaternary tephras in Ulreungdo island, Korea. Journal of Geography, 93, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.5026/jgeography.93.1
  13. Min, K.D., Kim, O.J., Yun, S.K., Lee, D.S. and Kim, K.H., 1988, Applicability of Plate Tectonics to the Post-Late Cretaceous Igneous Activitity and Mineralization in the Southern Part of South Korea (II). The Geological Society of Korea, 24, 11-40.
  14. Philpotts, A.R., 1990, Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, p. 686.
  15. Porter, D.A. and Eaterling, K.E., 1981, Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, p. 597.
  16. Won, J.K. and Lee, M.W., The Volcanism and Petrology of Alkali Volcanic rocks, Ulrung Island. The Geological Society of Korea, 20, 296-305.

피인용 문헌

  1. Distribution and Petrology of the Columnar Joint in South Korea vol.23, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7854/JPSK.2014.23.2.45
  2. A Study of Columnar Joint in Goheung, Jeollanam-do, Korea vol.37, pp.6, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5467/JKESS.2016.37.6.332
  3. Geoheritage Values of the Quaternary Hantangang River Volcanic Field in the Central Korean Peninsula pp.1867-2485, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-018-0329-5