DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Case Study on the Influence of the Schema of Learners Who Have Learned the Primary Concepts of the Four Arithmetic Operations on the relational Understanding of Power and Mixed Calculations

사칙연산의 1차적 개념을 학습한 학습자의 Schema가 거듭제곱과 혼합계산의 관계적 이해에 미치는 영향에 대한 사례연구

  • Received : 2013.12.03
  • Accepted : 2013.12.20
  • Published : 2013.12.31

Abstract

With elementary school students who have learned the primary concepts of the four arithmetic operations as its subjects, this study has investigated in depth how schema and transformed schema are composed by recognition of the correct concepts and connection of concepts, that is to say, what schema learners form along with transformed schema with the primary concepts of the four arithmetic operations to understand the secondary concepts when power and mixed calculations are taken into contents. It has also investigated how the subjects use the schema they have formed for themselves and the transformed schema to approach problem solving, and how their composition of concepts and schema in problem solving ability achieve transformations. As a result, we can tell that the recognition of precise primary concepts and transformed schema work as important factors in the development from the primary to the secondary concepts. Here, we can also see learn that the formation of the schema created due to the connection among the primary concepts and the recognition of them and of the transformed schema play more important roles in the development toward the secondary concepts and the solution of arithmetic problems than any other factors.

본 연구에서는 사칙연산의 1차적 개념을 학습한 초등학생들을 대상으로 거듭제곱과 혼합계산을 내용으로 하였을 때, 정확한 개념의 인지와 개념의 연결로 스키마와 변형된 스키마를 어떻게 구성을 하는지 알아보았다. 즉 사칙연산의 1차적 개념으로 어떠한 스키마와 변형된 스키마를 형성하여 2차적 개념에 대한 관계적 이해를 하는지, 그리고 연구대상자들이 스스로 형성한 스키마와 변형된 스키마를 어떻게 이용하여 문제 해결에 접근을 하는지, 또한 연구대상자들의 개념구성과 문제해결력에서의 스키마는 어떻게 변형을 이루어 나가는지를 심도 있게 조사하였다. 그 결과 1차적 개념에서 2차적 개념으로 발전 할 때, 정확한 1차적 개념에 대한 인지와 스키마 그리고 변형된 스키마가 중요한 요인으로 작용 한다는 것을 알 수 있었고 이때, 1차적 개념끼리의 연결과 정확한 1차적 개념에 대한 인지로 인해서 만들어지는 스키마와 변형된 스키마의 형성이 2차적 개념으로의 발전과 수학적 문제 해결에 무엇보다도 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

References

  1. 강신포.김판수.유화전 (2003). 초등학교 수학영재 및 일반아동의 정의적 특성 비교연구. 대한수학교육학회지 학교수학, 5(4), 441-457. Kang, S. P., Kim, P. S. & Yoo, H. J. (2003). A Comparative Study on Affective Characteristics of Mathematically Gifted Children and Average Students. Journal of Korea society of Educational Studies in Mathematics School Mathematics, 5(4), 441-457.
  2. 고정일 (2003). 파스칼 세계대백과사전. 서울: 동서문화사. Ko, J. I. (2003). Pascal World Encyclopedia. Seoul: Dongsuh Press
  3. 교육부 (1998). 초등학교 교육과정 해설IV: 수학, 과학, 실과. 서울: 대한교과서. Ministry of Education (1998). Elementary School Curriculum GuideⅣ: Mathematics, Science, Practical course. Seoul: Korea Textbook.
  4. 김지원.송상헌 (2004). 한 수학영재아의 수학적 사고특성에 관한 사례연구. 대한수학교육학회지 수학교육학연구, 14(1), 89-110. Kim, J. W. & Song, S. H. (2004.) A Case Study on Mathematical Thinking Characteristics of a Gifted Child. The Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics, 14(1), 89-110.
  5. 네이버 지식백과. http://terms.naver.com. Naver encyclopedia of knowledge. http://terms.naver.com.
  6. Carpenter, T. P., & Moser M. J. (1983). The acquisition of addition and subtraction concepts. In R. Lesh. & M. Landan.(Eds.), The Acquisition of Mathematical Concepts and Processes. N.Y.: Academic Press.
  7. Fishbein, M., & Ajaen, I.(1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior : A introduction to theory and research. Reading. MA: Addison-Wesley.
  8. Goos, M. (2004). Learning mathematics in a classroom community of inquiry. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 35(4), 258-291. https://doi.org/10.2307/30034810
  9. Greeno, James G., & Egan, Dennis E. (1973). Acquiring cognitive structure by discovery and rule learning, Journal of Educational Psychology, 73, 85-97.
  10. Kuhs, T. M., & Ball, D. L.(1986). Approaches to teaching mathematics : Mapping the domains of Knowledge, Skills, and dispositions. Center on Teacher Education, Michigan State University.
  11. Mayer(1982). Thinking, Problem Solving, Cognition, N.Y.: W. H. Freeman and Co.
  12. McClain, K. & Cobb, P. (2001). An analysis of development of sociomathematical norms in one first-grade classroom. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 32(3), 236-266. https://doi.org/10.2307/749827
  13. NCTM(1991). Professional standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Inc.
  14. NCTM(2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA : The Author.
  15. Raymond, A. M.(1997). Inconsistency between a begging elementary teacher` mathematics beliefs and teaching practice. Journal for Research in Mathematics Education, 28(5), 550-576. https://doi.org/10.2307/749691
  16. Riley, M. S., Greeno G. J., & Heller, I. J. (1983). Development of children's problem solving ability in arithmetic. In H. Ginsberg.(Ed.), The Development or Mathematical Thinking. N.Y.: Academic Press.
  17. Skemp. (1987). The Psychology of Learning Mathematics. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. New Jersey.