The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition (한국식품영양학회지)

The Korean Society of Food and Nutrition (한국식품영양학회)
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Changes in Fermentation Properties and Ornithine Levels of Baechu Kimchi by Storage Condition

배추김치 저장조건에 따른 발효특성 및 오르니틴 함량 변화

  • Park, Ki-Bum (Dept. of Food and Biotechnology, Woosuk University) ;
  • Kim, Su-Gon (Dept. of Food and Biotechnology, Woosuk University) ;
  • Yu, Ji-Hyun (Dept. of Food and Biotechnology, Woosuk University) ;
  • Kim, Ji-Seon (Dept. of Food and Biotechnology, Woosuk University) ;
  • Kim, Eun-Seon (Dept. of Food and Biotechnology, Woosuk University) ;
  • Jeon, Jong-In (Research and Development Center, WiniaMando Inc.) ;
  • Oh, Suk-Heung (Dept. of Food and Biotechnology, Woosuk University)
  • 박기범 (우석대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 김수곤 (우석대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 유지현 (우석대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 김지선 (우석대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 김은선 (우석대학교 식품생명공학과) ;
  • 전종인 (위니아만도(주)연구소) ;
  • 오석흥 (우석대학교 식품생명공학과)
  • Received : 2013.11.06
  • Accepted : 2013.12.20
  • Published : 2013.12.31
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Abstract

Changes in fermentation properties and ornithine levels of Baechu Kimchi by storage conditions were investigated. After making and fermenting Kimchi at $15^{\circ}C$ for 32 hr (S1), 36 hr (S2), 40 hr (S3), 44 hr (S4), and 48 hr (S5) during the first 10 days of storage. The Kimchi samples are subsequently stored in the -$1^{\circ}C$ Kimchi refrigerator for up to 60 days. Changes in the pH values and lactic acid contents of S4 and S5 samples are slightly bigger than the S1, S2 and S3 samples which have no significance differences. According to lactic acid bacteria (LAB) number, all samples show the largest augmentation according to the number of Lactobacilli during the first 20 days of storage. After 20 days of storage, the S4 and S5 samples show larger accumulations of LAB than S1, S2 and S3 samples. The Weissella genus is predominated at the 40 day of storage in the S5 sample. Ornithine levels are increased up to 170mg per 100 g during the storage period of 40~50 days in the S5 sample. However, the increase of ornithine levels in S1, S2 and S3 samples is smaller than those of the S4 and S5 samples. These results indicate that the conditions of Kimchi fermentation, which is 48 hr at $15^{\circ}C$ before storage, is proved to be the most superior for ornithine levels within the Kimchi refrigerator.

배추김치 제조 후 익힘 시간을 달리한 후 김치냉장고에 저장한 김치의 이화학적 특성과 오르니틴 함량 변화를 조사하기 위하여 익힘 및 저장 기간별 pH, 산도, 유산균 수 변화, 유산균 속 분포 및 오르니틴 함량 변화 패턴을 조사하였다. 배추김치는 조제 후 $15^{\circ}C$에서 각 시간 별로 익힘 과정을 거친 후 -$1.4^{\circ}C$의 김치냉장고에 60일까지 보관하였다. 본 실험에 사용한 시료는 익힘시간에 따라서 32 hr(S1), 36 hr(S2), 40 hr(S3), 44 hr(S4), 48 hr(S5)라 명명하였다. 김치냉장고 보관 모드로 전환하기 전 $15^{\circ}C$에서의 저장 시간을 상대적으로 길게 준 S5구에서 S1, S2구에 비하여 pH 감소가 좀 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 보관 시간이 지남에 따라 pH가 4.3~4.4까지 낮아지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 젖산농도의 경우 $15^{\circ}C$에서의 저장 시간을 상대적으로 길게 준 S5구에서 젖산농도 증가가 좀 더 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 보관 시간이 지남에 따라 젖산농도는 0.70~0.74까지 증가하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 유산균의 경우 모든 시료가 저장 초기 20일 경과까지 수가 급격히 증가하였고, 20일 이후에는 S4, S5 시료가 S1, S2, S3 시료에 비하여 좀 더 증대되는 경향을 보였다. 유산균 속은 저장 40일 기준으로 S5 시료에서 바이셀라 속 균이 50% 이상 검출되었다. 오르니틴 함량은 모든 시료에서 저장 40~50일차에 최대치를 보였으며, S4, S5 시료의 경우 오르니틴 함량은 100그램당 최대 130mg과 170mg까지 증대되었다. 그러나 S1, S2, S3 시료의 경우는 오르니틴 함량 증대 폭이 상대적으로 적었다. 이들 결과로부터 김치냉장고 조건에서 김치를 저장하기 전 $15^{\circ}C$ 조건에서 44~48시간을 발효한 후 김치냉장고에 40~50일 보관하면 김치 100그램 중의 오르니틴 함량을 최대 130~170mg까지 증대시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 그 중에서도 S5 (48 hr) 조건이 가장 우수한 것으로 조사되었다.

Keywords

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