Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information (한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지)

Korean Society of Computer Information (한국컴퓨터정보학회)
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The scientific analysis of programming instructional process in elementary school

초등학교 프로그래밍 수업 과정의 과학적 분석

  • 송정범 (공주교육대학교부설초등학교) ;
  • 정복문 (청주교육대학교) ;
  • 이태욱 (한국교원대학교 컴퓨터교육과)
  • Received : 2012.08.25
  • Accepted : 2012.09.25
  • Published : 2012.10.31
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Abstract

This study intends to analyse the programming class with visual-basic, scratch and pico-cricket in elementary school. The study analyses cognitive domain by creativity tests and instructional process by student task engagement and the required factor of student's activity-nowadays, a lot of encouragement of learning use-. According to the result, The creativity of groups who use three teaching aid improves, but it hasn't any meaning. according to the student task engagement analysis by instructional process, According to the student task engagement analysis by instructional process, The concentration of group that uses pico-cricket and scratch falls down a little, but The concentration of group that uses visual-basic falls down remarkably. At last, according to the result of the required factor of student's activity, scratch and pico-cricket spend time discussing and programming, but visual-basic spends time correcting coding error. But pico-cricket spends much time preparing teaching aid or checking instrument, so this fact has to reflect when teacher plans his class. Through this fact, scratch and pico-cricket are better than visual basic as effective teaching aid when teacher teaches programming.

이 연구에서는 비주얼베이직, 스크래치, 교육용 로봇의 한 종류인 피코 크리켓을 활용한 초등학교 프로그래밍 수업의 과정적인 모습을 과학적으로 분석하고자 하였다. 인지적인 영역의 분석은 창의성 검사로 했으며, 수업의 과정적인 분석은 최근 수업 장학에 널리 사용되고 있는 학생 과업 집중도와 학생 활동 소요 변인 분석법을 활용하였다. 분석 결과 창의성에서는 세 교구를 활용한 집단 모두 수업 전보다 향상은 있었지만, 유의미한 향상은 아닌 것으로 분석되었다. 학생 과업집중 분석 결과의 수업 시점에 따른 결과를 살펴보면 피코크리켓 활용 집단과 스크래치 활용집단은 약간의 하락을 나타냈으나, 비주얼베이직 활용 집단의 과업 집중도가 현저하게 떨어지는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 학생 활동 소요 변인 분석 결과는 스크래치와 피코 크리켓 활용 집단에서 토론 토의, 프로그래밍에 비교적 많은 시간이 할애된 반면 비주얼베이직 활용 집단의 경우 코딩 에러 수정에 많은 시간이 할애 되었다. 다만 피코크리켓 활용 집단에서는 교구의 준비와 기기 점검 등의 준비 활동에 많은 시간이 할애됨을 알 수 있어 수업 설계시 반영해야 할 사항으로 분석되었다. 이를 통해 초등학교 프로그래밍 교육에서는 비주얼베이직 언어보다는 스크래치와 같은 교육용 프로그래밍 언어와 교육용 로봇을 적절히 활용하는 것이 학생들의 학습 집중도와 수업 시간 운영에 효과적인 대안이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

Keywords

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