Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry

The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistry (한국응용생명화학회)
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Insecticidal Activity and Stability by Freeze-drying of Entomopathogenic Bacteria, Photorhabdus temperata M1021

동결건조에 따른 살충성 세균 Photorhabdus temperata M1021의 안정성과 살충성 평가

  • Park, Gun-Seok (School of Applied Bioscience, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jang, Eun-Kyung (School of Applied Bioscience, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Min-Sung (School of Applied Bioscience, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Shin, Jae-Ho (School of Applied Bioscience, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2012.01.12
  • Accepted : 2012.04.30
  • Published : 2012.06.30
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Abstract

In order to develop eco-friendly biopesticide, an entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus temperata M1021 has been lyophilized via freeze-drying along with protective agents such as skim milk, starch, sodium alginate, glucose and sodium glutamate to protect cells from lysis. Freeze-drying powder of P. temperata M1021 containing 7% skim milk (w/v) showed highest survival rate of 63% among all the protective agents used in trials. Furthermore, the freeze-dried microbial powder showed 75% of survival rate after stored at $4^{\circ}C$ for 4 weeks at air contact conditions. Injection toxicity of the freeze-dried sample was tested against larvae of Galleria mellonella. A dose of $2.0{\times}10^1$ cells of P. temperata M1021 killed 100% of the G. mellonella larvae within 4 days after injection. Moreover, $2.0{\times}10^0$ cells caused 50% mortality within the 4 days after injection. Freeze-dried P. temperata M1021 strains exhibited effective insecticidal activity and could be a better candidate for being used as a biopesticide.

오늘날 환경친화적인 생물농약을 개발하기 위한 미생물로는 Bacillus thuringiensis 이외에 Photorhabdus, Xenorhabdus 및 Serratia와 같은 곤충병원성 미생물과 Pseudomonas와 같은 식물유용 미생물에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 곤충병원성 미생물인 Photorhabdus temperata M1021 균주를 동결건조법을 이용하여 제제화 하였으며, 동결건조 시 세포보호를 위하여 skim milk, starch, sodium alginate, glucose와 sodium glutamate를 농도별로 첨가하여 동결 건조 후의 세포 생존율을 확인하였다. 그 결과 7% (w/v)의 skim milk가 첨가된 시료에서 가장 높은 63%의 생존율을 나타내었다. 제제화된 동결 건조균을 공기와 접촉시키면서 저온에서 생존율을 측정한 결과 4주 후에도 75% 이상의 생존율을 나타내었다. 또한 제제를 이용한 살충력 시험에서 꿀벌 부채명나방 유충에 대한 주사독성은 $2.0{\times}10^1$ cells/lavar 이상을 주사할 경우 4일 이내에 전체유충이 사멸하는 것으로 나타났으며, $2.0{\times}10^0$ cells/larva의 아주 낮은 농도에서도 50% 이상의 유충사멸 효과를 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 P. temperata M1021 균주의 동결건조 분말의 뛰어난 살충효과는 보다 현실적인 생물학적 제제로의 개발가능성을 제시하고 있다.

Keywords

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