Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B (대한기계학회논문집B)

The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers (대한기계학회)
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An Experimental Study on the Combustion Characteristics of a Catalytic Combustor for an MCFC Power Generation System

MCFC 발전시스템용 촉매연소기의 연소 특성에 관한 실험적 연구

  • Hong, Dong-Jin (Power & Industrial Systems R&D Center, Hyosung Corporation) ;
  • Ahn, Kook-Young (Eco-Machinery Research Division, Korea Institute of Machinery & Materials) ;
  • Kim, Man-Young (Dept. of Aerospace Engineering, Chonbuk Nat'l Univ.)
  • 홍동진 ((주)효성 중공업연구소) ;
  • 안국영 (한국기계연구원 환경기계시스템연구실) ;
  • 김만영 (전북대학교 항공우주공학과)
  • Received : 2011.08.22
  • Accepted : 2012.01.16
  • Published : 2012.04.01
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Abstract

In the MCFC power generation system, the combustor supplies a high temperature mixture of gases to the cathode and heat to the reformer by using the off-gas from the anode; the off-gas includes high concentrations of $H_2O$ and $CO_2$. Since a combustor needs to be operated in a very lean condition and avoid local heating, a catalytic combustor is usually adopted. Catalytic combustion is also generally accepted as one of the environmentally preferred alternatives for generation of heat and power from fossil fuels because of its complete combustion and low emissions of pollutants such as CO, UHC, and $NO_x$. In this study, experiments were conducted on catalytic combustion behavior in the presence of Pd-based catalysts for the BOP (Balance Of Plant) of 5 kW MCFC (Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell) power generation systems. Extensive investigations were carried out on the catalyst performance with the gaseous $CH_4$ fuel by changing such various parameters as $H_2$ addition, inlet temperature, excess air ratio, space velocity, catalyst type, and start-up schedule of the pilot system adopted in the BOP.

MCFC 발전시스템에서 연소기는 연료극의 배가스 중에 포함된 미반응 가스를 연료로 사용하여 공기극에 $H_2O$와 $CO_2$ 농도가 높은 고온의 혼합가스를 공급하는 역할을 한다. 하지만 이러한 배가스는 가연한계 이하로 내려가게 되어 통상적인 연소방식에 의한 완전연소가 어렵기 때문에 이를 해결하기 위하여 촉매연소기를 사용한다. 완전연소 및 이에 다른 공해물질의 저감 특성에 따라 최근 촉매연소는 환경친화적인 연소방식으로 주목받고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 MCFC 발전시스템의 BOP 시스템에 적용되는 촉매연소기에 대한 실험연구를 수행하였다. 본문에서는 실험장치를 설명한 후 촉매연소 시스템의 설계변수, 즉, $H_2$ 연료 첨가에 따른 연료조성, 유입가스의 온도, 과잉 공기비, 촉매의 종류, 그리고 시동 스케줄에 따른 촉매연소 특성을 고찰하였다.

Keywords

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