The Korean Journal of Malacology (한국패류학회지)

The Malacological Society of Korea (한국패류학회)
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Genetic Variation of Wild and Hatchery Populations of the Korean Ark Shell, Scapharca broughtonii Assessed by Microsatellite Markers

Microsatellite 마커를 이용한 한국산 피조개, Scapharca broughtonii Schrenck 집단의 유전적 다양성

  • Jee, Young Ju (Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Woo Jin (Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Kim, Byung Hak (Southwest Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Byun, Soon Gyu (Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Cho, Kee Chae (Southeast Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute)
  • 지영주 (국립수산과학원 생물공학과) ;
  • 김우진 (국립수산과학원 생물공학과) ;
  • 김병학 (국립수산과학원 남서해수산연구소) ;
  • 변순규 (국립수산과학원 남동해수산연구소) ;
  • 조기채 (국립수산과학원 남동해수산연구소)
  • Received : 2012.06.18
  • Accepted : 2012.06.24
  • Published : 2012.09.30
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Abstract

The genetic variation of Ark Shell, Scapharca broughtonii black was estimated using six polymorphic microsatellite (MS) loci in 443 individuals collected from five populations in Korea. The mean numbers of alleles per locus in five populations were 10-28. The mean number of alleles per locus in Jinhae Hatchery (JHH) population showed the least value as 15.5, but that in Gangjin (GJ) population showed the most value as 20.3. The mean expected heterozygosity in Saryangdo (SR) population showed the least value as 0.817, but that in Gangjin (GJ) population showed the most value as 0.831. In Jinhae hatchery(JHH) population, the mean expected heterozygosity was 0.822, there was no significant difference from those of wild population. The $F_{ST}$ values in Gangjin (GJ) population showed significant difference from those of the other populations, which revealed Gangjin (GJ) population is genetically different from the other populations. The $F_{ST}$ values among Jinhae Hatchery (JHH) population, Jinhae (JH) population and Saryangdo (SR) population showed lower values than the others, which implies there was a gene flow among these three populations. The $F_{ST}$ value and genetic distance between Jinhae (JH) population and Saryangdo (SR) population showed the least value as 0.0001 and 0.0386, indicating that these two populations were genetically the same.

우리나라 피조개 집단의 유전적 다양성을 분석하기 위해 남해안 5개 지역의 피조개 443마리를 수집하여 6개의 다형성이 높은 microsatellite 마커를 이용하여 분석하였다. 5개 집단의 유전자좌당 대립유전자는 10-28개의 범위였으며, 각 지역별 microsatellite 마커의 평균 대립유전자 수는 JHH (진해 양식집단) 이 15.5로 가장 적었고, GJ (강진 자연집단) 이 20.3으로 가장 많았다. 평균 기대 이형접합률은 SR (사량자연집단) 이 0.817로 가장 낮았고, GJ (강진자연집단)이 0.831로 가장 높았으며 JHH (진해양식집단) 은 0.822로 자연집단에 비교해 의미적인 차이는 없었다. 집단 간 $F_{ST}$ 값은 GJ (강진 자연집단) 이 다른 집단과 분화적 차이를 보여 다른 집단과 유전적으로 차이를 나타내었다. JH (진해 자연집단), SR (사량 자연집단) 및 JHH (진해 양식집단) 사이의 $F_{ST}$ 값은 매우 낮게 나타나 집단 간 유전자 교류 (gene flow)가 일어났음을 암시하고 있다. 특히 JH (진해자연집단) 과 SR (사량 자연집단) 은 $F_{ST}$ 값이 0.0001로 가장 낮았으며 집단 간 유전적 거리 (0.0386) 도 가장 가까웠고 집단 간 유전적 유연관계도 가장 가까운 것으로 나타나 유전적으로 같은 집단이라고 할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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