Journal of Ecology and Environment

The Ecological Society of Korea (한국생태학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Growth and solute pattern of Suaeda maritima and Suaeda asparagoides in an abandoned salt field

  • Choi, Sung-Chul (Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Lim, Sung-Hwan (Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Sang-Hun (Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Choi, Deok-Gyun (Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Guk (Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Choo, Yeon-Sik (Department of Biology, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2012.09.26
  • Accepted : 2012.10.20
  • Published : 2012.12.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

To investigate the environmental adaptation and ecophysiological characteristics of Suaeda maritima and S. asparagoides under saline conditions, plant growth and density were analyzed according to environmental changes of habitats. The total ion content of soil decreased with time, which was caused by the predominance of exchangeable $Na^+$ and $Cl^-$ in the upper layers. The population of S. maritima was more densely distributed in the region with higher ion contents of $Cl^-$, $Mg^{2+}$, $K^+$ and $Na^+$ than the population of S. asparagoides. Both species were showed a decreased population density according to increases in plant growth. Under the conditions of a salt field, S. maritima and S. asparagoides contained high inorganic ions to maintain low water potential, but low water soluble carbohydrate contents. In the case of free amino acid, S. maritima showed an especially high proline content, and contained rather large amounts of free amino acids, whereas S. asparagoides did not. Both species showed high inorganic ion contents in the leaves, which might be a mechanism of avoiding the ionic toxicity by diluting the accumulated ionic concentration with a high ratio of water content to dry weight. This result suggests that S. maritima seems to adapt to saline conditions by accumulating proline in addition to inorganic ions. S. asparagoides seems to adapt by osmoregulation processes, using inorganic ions rather than free amino acids.

Keywords

References

  1. Akhani H, Trimborn P, Ziegler H. 1997. Photosynthetic pathways in Chenopodiaceae from Africa, Asia and Europe with their ecological, phytogeographical and taxonomical importance. Plant Syst Evol 206: 187-221. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00987948
  2. Binzel ML, Hasegawa PM, Rhodes D, Handa S, Handa AK, Bressan RA. 1987. Solute accumulation in tobacco cells adapted to NaCl. Plant Physiol 84: 1408-1415. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.84.4.1408
  3. Bradley PH, Morris JT. 1991. Relative importance of ion exclusion, secretion and accumulation in Spartina alterniflora Loisel. J Exp Bot 42: 1525-1532. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/42.12.1525
  4. Chaplin MF, Kennedy JF. 1994. Carbohydrate Analysis: A Practical Approach. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 2-3.
  5. Chimenti CA, Pearson J, Hall AJ. 2002. Osmotic adjustment and yield maintenance under drought in sunflower. Field Crops Res 75: 235-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-4290(02)00029-1
  6. Choo YS, Albert R. 1997. The physiotype concept: an approach integrating plant ecophysiology and systematics. Phyton 37: 93-106.
  7. Choo YS, Do JW, Song SD. 1999. Free amino acid and nitrogen contents of the coastal plants in Korea. Korean J Ecol 22: 109-117.
  8. Choo YS, Song SD. 1998. Ecophysiological characeristics of plant taxon-specific calcium metabolism. Korean J Ecol 21: 47-63.
  9. Di Martino C, Delfine S, Pizzuto R, Loreto F, Fuggi A. 2003. Free amino acids and glycine betaine in leaf osmoregulation of spinach responding to increasing salt stress. New Phytol 158: 455-463. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-8137.2003.00770.x
  10. Flores HE, Galston AW. 1984. Osmotic stress-induced polyamine accumulation in cereal leaves. II. Relation to amino acid pools. Plant Physiol 75: 110-113. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.75.1.110
  11. Flowers TJ, Colmer TD. 2008. Salinity tolerance in halophytes. New Phytol 179: 945-963. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02531.x
  12. Heywood VH. 1993. Flowering Plants of the World. B. T. Batsford, London, pp 72-73.
  13. Ihm BS, Myung HH, Park DS, Lee JY, Lee JS. 2004. Morphological and genetic variations in Suaeda maritima based on habitat. J Plant Biol 47: 221-229. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030512
  14. Kim CH. 2009. Studies on vegetation for ecological restoration of salt marshes in Saemangeum reclaimed land: population formation strategies of halophytes. J Environ Sci 18: 463-471. https://doi.org/10.5322/JES.2009.18.4.463
  15. Kim CH, Cho DS, Lee KB, Choi SY. 2006. Population formation strategies of halophytes in Mankyeong River estuary. Korean J Environ Ecol 20: 299-310.
  16. Kinzel H. 1989. Calcium in the vacuoles and cell walls of plant tissue: forms of deposition and their physiological and ecological significance. Flora 182: 99-125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-2530(17)30398-5
  17. Lee JS. 1988. Studies on the distribution of vegetation in the salt marsh of the Mankyung River estuary. Korean J Environ Biol 6: 1-10.
  18. Lee JS, Park DS, Ihm BS, Lee WJ. 2007. Taxonomic reappraisal on Suaeda australis (Chenopodiaceae) in Korea based on the morphological and molecular chacteristics. J Plant Biol 50: 605-614. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03030603
  19. Lee SH, Ji KJ. An Y, Ro HM. 2003. Soil salinity and vegetation distribution at four tidal reclamation project areas. Korean J Environ Agric 22: 79-86. https://doi.org/10.5338/KJEA.2003.22.2.079
  20. Li R, Shi F, Fukuda K. 2010. Interactive effects of various salt and alkali stresses on growth, organic solutes and cation accumulation in halophyte Spartina alterniflora (Poaceae). Environ Exp Bot 68: 66-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2009.10.004
  21. Marschner H. 1995. Minernal nutirition of higher plant. Academic press, London.
  22. McCue KF, Hanson AD. 1990. Drought and salt tolerance: towards understanding and application. Trends Biotechnol 8: 358-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-7799(90)90225-M
  23. Moghaieb REA, Saneoka H, Fujita K. 2004. Effect of salinity on osmotic adjustment, glycinebetaine accumulation and the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene expression in two halophytic plants, Salicornia europaea and Suaeda maritima. Plant Sci 166: 1345-1349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2004.01.016
  24. Park CM, Chun WB, Han IK, Yeon JU, Kwan K, Yoo MJ, Myung KH. 1983. Studies on the reed (Phragmites communis Trinius) as animal feed resources. 1. Nutritive values of dried reed meal (Phragmites communis Trinius) in the rations of growing-finishing swine. Korean J Anim 25: 210-218.
  25. Pulich WM Jr. 1986. Variations in leaf soluble amino acids and ammonium content in subtropical seagrasses related to salinity stress. Plant Physiol 80: 283-286. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.80.1.283
  26. Rhodes D, Hanson AD. 1993. Quaternary ammonium and tertiary sulfonium compounds in higher plants. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 44: 357-384. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.44.060193.002041
  27. Rozema J, Flowers T. 2008. Ecology: crops for a salinized world. Science 322: 1478-1480. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1168572
  28. Shen YG, Du BX, Zhang WK, Zhang JS, Chen SY. 2002. Ah- CMO, regulated by stresses in Atriplex hortensis, can improve drought tolerance in transgenic tobacco. Theor Appl Genet 105: 815-821. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-002-1006-1
  29. Voetberg GS, Sharp RE. 1991. Growth of the maize primary root at low water potentials. III. Role of increased proline deposition in osmotic adjustment. Plant Physiol 96: 1125-1130. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.96.4.1125
  30. Volkmar KM, Hu Y, Steppuhn H. 1998. Physiological responses of plants to salinity: a review. Can J Plant Sci 78: 19-27. https://doi.org/10.4141/P97-020
  31. Wang LW, Showalter AM. 2004. Cloning and salt-induced, ABA-independent expression of choline mono-oxygenase in Atriplex prostrata. Physiol Plant 120: 405-412. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0031-9317.2004.00247.x
  32. Wang W, Vinocur B, Altman A. 2003. Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: towards genetic engineering for stress tolerance. Planta 218: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-003-1105-5
  33. Yang C, Shi D, Wang D. 2008. Comparative effects of salt and alkali stresses on growth, osmotic adjustment and ionic balance of an alkali-resistant halophyte Suaeda glauca (Bge.). Plant Growth Regul 56: 179-190. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-008-9299-y
  34. Yang HS. 1999. A syntaxonomical study on the vegetation of ruined salt field in Chonnam province. Korean J Ecol 22: 265-270.
  35. Yokoishi T, Tanimoto S. 1994. Seed germination of the halophyte Suaeda japonica under salt stress. J Plant Res 107: 385-388. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02344061

Cited by

  1. The effect on photosynthesis and osmotic regulation in Beta vulgaris L. var. Flavescens DC. by salt stress vol.39, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2016.009