References
- Abdul-Baki AA, Anderson JD. 1973. Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria. Crop Sci 13: 630-633. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1973.0011183X001300060013x
- Abo-Rezq H, Albaho M, Thomas B. 2009. Effect of sand in growing media on selected plant species. Eur J Sci Res 26: 618-623.
- Bazrafkan M. 2011. Influence of drought stress on germination of Calotropis procera L. and improvement of threshold. MSc Thesis. Shiraz University, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz, Iran. (in Persian)
- Bewley JD, Black M. 1994. Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination. Plenum Press, New York and London.
- Chalton JF, Hampton JG, Scott DJ. 1986. Temperature effects on germination of New Zealand herbage grasses. Proc N Z Grassl Assoc 47: 165-172.
- Close DC, Wilson SJ. 2002. Provenance effects on pre-germination treatments for Eucalyptus regnans and E. delegatensis seed. For Ecol Manag 170: 299-305. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00768-X
- Crow TR. 1988. Reproductive mode and mechanisms for self-replacement of northern red oak (Quercus rubra): a review. For Sci 34: 19-40.
- Damizadeh GR. 2004. Effect of environmental conditions on survival of Capparis decidua seedling. Iran J For Poplar Res 12: 509-531.
- Duchesne LC, Herr DG, Wetzel S, Thompson ID, Reader R. 2000. Effect of seed predation, shade and soil organic matter on the early establishment of eastern white pine and balsam fir seedlings. For Chron 76: 759-763. https://doi.org/10.5558/tfc76759-5
- El-Moslimany AP. 1986. Ecology and late-Quaternary history of the Kurdo-Zagrosian oak forest near Lake Zeribar, western Iran. Vegetatio 68: 55-63.
- Gehlhausen SM, Schwartz MW, Augspurger CK. 2000. Vegetation and microclimatic edge effects in two mixedmesophytic forest fragments. Plant Ecol 147: 21-35. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009846507652
- Ghaedi M, Taghvaei M, Fallah Shamsi SR, Niazi A. 2009. The influence of light, temperature and salinity on seed germination of Haloxylon aphyllum L. Sci Res J Iran Range Manag Soc 2: 411-420.
- Gimenez-Benavides L, Escudero A, Perez-Garcia F. 2005. Seed germination of high mountain Mediterranean species: altitudinal, interpopulation and interannual variability. Ecol Res 20: 433-444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-005-0059-4
- Ginley MM. 2008. Conservation Biology, Ecology and Biolodiversity. Zagros Mountains Forest Steppe. Encyclopedia of Earth.
- Grange RI, Loach K. 1983. The water economy of unrooted leafy cuttings. J Hortic Sci 58: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221589.1983.11515083
- Guma IR, Padron-Mederos MA, Santos-Guerra A, Reyes- Betancort JA. 2010. Effect of temperature and salinity on germination of Salsola vermiculata L. (Chenopodiaceae) from Canary Islands. J Arid Environ 74: 708-711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.10.001
- ISTA. 2002. International rules of seed testing. Seed Sci Technol 20: 53-55.
- Katembe WJ, Ungar IA, Mitchell JP. 1998. Effect of salinity on germination and seedling growth of two Atriplex species (Chenopodiaceae). Ann Bot 82: 167-175. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1998.0663
- Khan MA, Rizvi Y. 1994. Effect of salinity, temperature, and growth regulators on the germination and early seedling growth of Atriplex griffithii var. stoksii. Can J Bot 72: 475-479. https://doi.org/10.1139/b94-063
- Khurana E, Singh JS. 2001. Ecology of seed and seedling growth for conservation and restoration of tropical dry forest: a review. Environ Conserv 28: 39-52.
- Leakey RRB, Mesen JF, Tchoundjeu Z, Longman KA, Dick JMcP, Newton A, Martin A, Grace J, Munro RC, Muthoka PN. 1990. Low-technology techniques for the vegetative propagation of tropical trees. Commonw For Rev 69: 247-257.
- Lopez-Barrera F, Newton A. 2005. Edge type effect on germination of oak tree species in the Highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. For Ecol Manag 217: 67-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2005.05.048
- Mansoory M. 1992. A Directory of Wetland in Middle Est. Ramsar Sites Information Service, Wageningen.
- Newton AC, Mesen JF, Dick McP, Leakey RRB. 1992. Lowtechnology propagation of tropical trees: rooting physiology and its practical implications. In: Mass production Technology for genetically Improved Fast Growing Forest Tree Species. Vol. 2, AFOCEL/IRFRO Burdeos, 1992 Sep 14-18, France. AFOCEL, Nangis, pp 417-424.
- Ofori DA, Newton AC, Leakey RRB, Grace J. 1996. Vegetative propagation of Milicia excelsa by leafy stem cuttings: effects of auxin concentrations, leaf areas and rooting medium. For Ecol Manag 84: 39-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(96)03737-1
- Qian YL, Engelke MC. 1999. Influence of trinexapac-ethyl on diamond zoysiagrass in a shade environment. Crop Sci. 39: 202-208. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci1999.0011183X003900010031x
- Ramazani M, Taghvaei M, Masaoudi M, Riahi A, Bahbahani N. 2009. The evaluation of drought and salinity effects on germination and seedling growth caper (Capparis spinosa L.). Iran J Rangeland 2: 411-420.
- Ray GJ, Brown BJ. 1995. Restoring Caribbean dry forests: evaluation of tree propagation techniques. Restor Ecol 3: 86-94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.1995.tb00081.x
- Rincon E, Huante P. 1993. Growth responses of tropical deciduous tree seedlings to contrasting light conditions. Trees 7: 202-207.
- Rodriguez-Calcerrada J, Pardos JA, Gil L, Aranda I. 2008. Ability to avoid drought stress in seedlings of two oak species is lower in a dense forest understory than in a medium canopy gap. For Ecol Manag 255: 421-430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2007.09.009
- Sadeghian T, Taghvaei M, Kharati KM, Falah SSR, Masoudi M, Riahi A. 2010. An investigation of some soil physicochemical properties in Calotropis procera L. habitats (the case study of southern rangelands of Fars province). Rangeland 3: 641-651.
- Taghvaei M. 2010. Effects of seed sources and shade on vigor of Brant's oak seedling. J Ecol Field Biol 33: 299-306. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2010.33.4.299
- Taghvaei M, Kaef N, Sadeghi H. 2012. The effects of salt stress and prime on germination improvement and seedling growth of Calotropis procera L. seeds. J Ecol Field Biol 35: 73-78. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2012.011
- Tobe K, Li X, Omasa K. 2000. Seed germination and radicle growth of a halophyte, Kalidium capsicum (Chenopodiaceae). Ann Bot 85: 391-396. https://doi.org/10.1006/anbo.1999.1077
- Wilson SB, Stoffella PJ. 2006. Using compost for container production of ornamental wetland and flatwood species native to Florida. Nativ Plants J 7: 293-300. https://doi.org/10.2979/NPJ.2006.7.3.293
- Yusef Saleh SA. 2011. Effect of mixing date palm leaves compost (DPLC) with vermiculite, perlite, sand and clay on vegetative growth of Dahlia (Dahlia pinnata), Marigold (Tagetes erecta), Zinnia (Zinnia elegans) and Cosmos (Cosmos bipinnatus) plants. Res J Environ Sci 5: 655-665. https://doi.org/10.3923/rjes.2011.655.665