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Changes in Chemical Composition of Rough Rice (Oryza sativa L.) according to Germination Period

발아기간에 따른 벼(Oryza sativa L.)의 화학성분 변화

  • Kim, Hyun-Young (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Hwang, In-Guk (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, NAAS) ;
  • Kim, Tae-Myoung (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Park, Dong-Sik (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, NAAS) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Hyun (Dept. of Agrofood Resources, NAAS) ;
  • Kim, Dae-Joong (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Lee, Youn-Ri (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Daejeon Health Sciences College) ;
  • Lee, Jun-Soo (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University) ;
  • Jeong, Heon-Sang (Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University)
  • Received : 2011.06.20
  • Accepted : 2011.08.24
  • Published : 2011.09.30

Abstract

We evaluated changes in the chemical composition of rough rice (Oryza sativa L.) according to germination period. Rough rice was germinated at $37^{\circ}C$ for 8 days. Crude protein content increased from 71.67 mg/g in raw rough rice to 85.20 mg/g after 8 days of germination. Crude lipid content increased from 2.19% to 3.58% (p<0.05), whereas crude ash was not significantly changed. Phytic acid content decreased from 6.25 mg/g in raw rough rice to 1.54 mg/g after 8 days of germination. Free fatty acid content increased from 0.17% to 0.32% during 8 days of germination. Major fatty acids were palmitic, oleic, and linoleic acids, and total fatty acid content increased up to 95%. Vitamin E and ${\gamma}$-oryzanol contents in raw rough rice were 2.94 mg/100 g and 6.47 mg/g, respectively, increased to 5.55 mg/100 g and 8.16 mg/g after 4 days of germination, and then decreased afterward. These results indicate that the optimum germination period of rough rice for increasing functional components may be 3~4 days.

본 연구에서는 벼의 적당한 발아기간을 선정하기 위하여 발아기간에 따른 다양한 성분변화를 살펴보았다. 조단백질은 발아 0일차의 71.67 mg/g에서 발아 8일차에는 85.20 mg/g으로, 조지방은 2.19%에서 3.58%로 발아기간이 증가할수록 증가하였으나(p<0.05) 조회분은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. Phytic acid는 발아가 진행됨에 따라서 6.25 mg/g(0일차)에서 1.54 mg/g(8일차)으로 많은 감소를 보였으며(p<0.05), 유리지방산은 0.17%에서 0.32%로 증가하였다. 발아 벼의 지방산은 oleic acid(C18:1)가 가장 많았으며, 발아기간의 증가에 따라 약간의 감소를 보였으나 유의차는 없었다(p>0.05). 비타민 E와 ${\gamma}$-oryzanol은 발아 0일차에 각각 2.94 mg/100g 및 6.47 mg/g에서 발아 4일차에 5.55 mg/100 g 및 8.16 mg/g으로 증가하였다가 그 이후에는 감소하였다. 본 연구 결과 기능성성분 함량을 높이기 위해서는 3~4일 간의 발아가 적당한 것으로 판단되며, 다양한 생리활성에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요하리라 판단된다.

Keywords

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