ALGAE

The Korean Society of Phycology (한국조류학회(藻類))
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Morphology and taxonomy of the planktonic diatom Chaetoceros species (Bacillariophyceae) with special intercalary setae in Korean coastal waters

  • Lee, Sang-Deuk (Department of Green Life Science, Sangmyung University) ;
  • Lee, Jin-Hwan (Department of Green Life Science, Sangmyung University)
  • Received : 2011.02.15
  • Accepted : 2011.05.02
  • Published : 2011.06.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Species of the diatom genus Chaetoceros with special intercalary setae are uncommon. For this study, we collected Chaetoceros species from August 2008 to September 2009 in Korean coastal waters and examined the ultra structures of the Chaetoceros species C. coarctatus, C. compressus var. hirtisetus, C. contortus, C. diversus, and C. messanensis, using light and scanning electron microscopy. C. coarctatus, in the subgenus Phaeoceros, showed longer and stronger spines than those found in other species. C. coarctatus and C. diversus had special intercalary setae with spines in straight arrangements, whereas C. compressus var. hirtisetus, C. contortus, and C. messanensis had special intercalary setae with spines arranged in spirals. The setae of C. coarctatus had spines that were robust toward the tips and, overall, longer and stronger than were those of other species. C. coarctatus and C. diversus were straight, and C. compressus var. hirtisetus, C. contortus, and C. messanensis spiraled. C. messanensis had two types of special intercalary setae, both forked: 1 with spines in spirals and 1 lacking spines. We did not find spines on the anterior part of divergent point of the special intercalary setae of C. messanensis. Foramina shapes of these 5 Chaetoceros species varied as follows: very small or no foramina in C. coarctatus, relatively wide and slightly centrally constricted foramina in C. compressus var. hirtisetus and C. contortus, quite narrowly slitted or no foramina in C. diversus, and lanceolate or hexagonal foramina in C. messanensis. We found rimoportula in both intercalary and terminal valves of C. coarctatus, but C. compressus var. hirtisetus, C. contortus, C. diversus, and C. messanensis only had rimoportula in terminal valves. In addition, C. compressus var. hirtisetus and C. contortus were new to Korean coastal waters.

Keywords

References

  1. Allen, W. E. & Cupp, E. E. 1935. Plankton diatoms of the Java Sea. Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 44:101-224.
  2. Anonymous. 1975. Proposals for a standardization of diatom terminology and diagnoses. Nova Hedwigia Beih. 53:323-354.
  3. Brunel, J. 1966. Normalisation de la terminologie des soies dans le genre Chaetoceros. Nat. Can. 93:849-860.
  4. Brunel, J. 1972. Orientation of setae in the genus Chaetoceros, in regard to the apical axis. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. India 14:315-327.
  5. Castracane, F. 1875. Contribuzione alla florula delle Diatomee del Mediterraneo ossia esame del contenuto nello stomaco di una Salpa pinnata pescata a Messina. Atti Accad. Pontiff. Nuovi Lincei 28:377-396.
  6. Cleve, P. T. 1873. On diatoms from the Arctic Sea. Bih. Kongl. Svenska Vet. Akad. Handl. 1:1-28.
  7. Cleve, P. T. 1897. A treatise on the phytoplankton of the Atlantic and its tributaries and on the periodical changes of the plankton of Skagerak. Upsala Nya Tidnings Aktiebolags Tryckeri, Upsala, 27 pp.
  8. Cleve, P. T. 1901. The Seasonal distribution of Atlantic Plankton-organisms. Goteborgs Kongl. Vetenskaps-och Vitterhets-samhalle Handlingar, Goteborg, 368 pp.
  9. Cupp, E. E. 1943. Marine plankton diatoms of the west coast of North America. Bull. Scripps Inst. Oceanogr. 5:1-238.
  10. Ehrenberg, C. G. 1844. Einige voriaufige Resultate seiner Untersuchungen der ihm von der Sudpolreise des Capitain Ross, so wie von den Herren Schayer und Darwin zugekommenen Materialien uber das Verhalten des kleinsten Lebens in den Oceanen und den grossten bisher zuganglichen Tiefen des Weltmeers vor. Ber. Bekanntm. Verh. Konigl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1844:182-207.
  11. Evensen, D. L. & Hasle, G. R. 1975. The morphology of some Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae) species as seen in the electron microscopes. Nova Hedwigia Beih. 53:153-184.
  12. Ferrario, M., Hernandez-Becerril, D. U. & Garibotti, I. 2004. Morphological study of the marine planktonic diatom Chaetoceros castracanei Karsten (Bacillariophyceae) from Antarctic waters, with a discussion on its possible taxonomic relationships. Bot. Mar. 47:349-355. https://doi.org/10.1515/BOT.2004.041
  13. Gran, H. H. 1897. Botanik. Protophyta: Diatomaceae, Silicoflagellata and Cilioflagellata. Den Norske Nordhavs-Exped. 1876-1878 7:1-36.
  14. Gran, H. H. & Yendo, K. 1914. Japanese diatoms. I. On Chaetoceras. II. On Stephanopyxis. Videnskaps. Skrifter. I. Mat. Natur. Klasse 8:1-29.
  15. Haeckel, E. 1878. Das Protistenreich. Eine Populare Uebersicht uber das Formengebiet der Niedersten Lebewesen. Mit einem wissenschaftlichen Anhange: System der Protisten. Ernst Gunther's Verlag, Leipzig, 104 pp.
  16. Hasle, G. R. & Fryxell, G. A. 1970. Diatoms: cleaning and mounting for light and electron microscopy. Trans. Am. Microsc. Soc. 89:469-474. https://doi.org/10.2307/3224555
  17. Hasle, G. R. & Syvertsen, E. E. 1996. Marine diatoms. In Tomas, C. R. (Ed.) Identifying Marine Diatoms and Dinoflagellates. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, pp. 5-385.
  18. Hendey, N. I. 1964. An introductory account of the smaller algae of British coastal waters. Part V. Bacillariophyceae (diatoms). HMSO, London, 317 pp.
  19. Hernandez-Becerril, D. U. 1991. The morphology and taxonomy of the planktonic diatom Chaetoceros coarctatus Lauder (Bacillariophyceae). Diatom Res. 6:281-287. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1991.9705173
  20. Hernandez-Becerril, D. U. 1996. A morphological study of Chaetoceros species (Bacillariophyta) from the plankton of the Pacific Ocean of Mexico. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. London (Bot.) 26:1-73.
  21. Hustedt, F. 1930. Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Osterreichs und der Schweiz. In Rabenhorst L. (Ed.) Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Leipzig, pp. 1-920.
  22. Lauder, H. S. 1864. Remarks on the marine Diatomaceae found at Hong Kong, with descriptions of new species. Trans. Microsc. Soc. Lond. 12:75-79. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2818.1864.tb01628.x
  23. Lee, J. H. 1995. Additional check-list of marine planktonic algae in the coastal waters of Korea. I. Bacillariophyceae. J. Nat. Sci. Sangmyung Women's Univ. 2:71-198.
  24. Leuduger-Fortmorel, G. 1892. Diatomees de la Malaisie. Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz. 11:1-60.
  25. Moreno Ruiz, J. L., Soto, P. J., Zamudio, M. E., Hernandez-Becerril, D. U. & Licea, D. S. 1993. Morphology and taxonomy of Chaetoceros diversus (Bacillariophyceae) based on material from the southern Gulf of Mexico. Diatom Res. 8:419-428. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1993.9705271
  26. Rines, J. E. B. 1999. Morphology and taxonomy of Chaetoceros contortus Schutt 1895, with preliminary observations on Chaetoceros compressus Lauder 1864 (subgenus Hyalochaete, Section Compressa). Bot. Mar. 42:539-551. https://doi.org/10.1515/BOT.1999.061
  27. Rines, J. E. B. & Hargraves, P. E. 1988. The Chaetoceros Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyceae) flora of Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, U.S.A. Bibl. Phycol. 79:1-196.
  28. Rines, J. E. B. & Hargraves, P. E. 1990. Morphology and taxonomy of Chaetoceros compressus Lauder var. hirtisetus var. nova, with preliminary consideration of closely related taxa. Diatom Res. 5:113-127. https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.1990.9705097
  29. Ross, R., Cox, E. J., Karayeva, N. I., Mann, D. G., Paddock, T. B. B., Simonsen, R. & Sims, P. A. 1979. An amended terminology for the siliceous components of the diatom cell. Nova Hedwigia Beih. 64:513-533.
  30. Schutt, F. 1895. Arten von Chaetoceras und Peragallia. Ein Beitrag zur Hochseeflora. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Gessellschaft 13:35-48.
  31. Shevchenko, O. G. & Orlova, T. Yu. 2010. Morphology and ecology of the bloom-forming diatom Chaetoceros contortus from Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan. Russ. J. Mar. Biol. 36:243-251. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063074010040024
  32. Shevchenko, O. G., Orlova, T. Yu. & Hernandez-Becerril, D. U. 2006. The genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyta) from Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan. Bot. Mar. 49:236-258. https://doi.org/10.1515/BOT.2006.028
  33. Simonsen, R. 1979. The diatom system: ideas on phylogeny. Bacillaria 2:9-71.
  34. Smith, H. L. 1872. Conspectus of the families and genera of the Diatomaceae. Lens 1:1-19.
  35. Sournia, A. 1968. Diatomees planctoniques du canal de Mozambique et de I'lle Maurice. Mem. ORSTOM 31:1-120.
  36. Sunesen, I., Hernandez-Becerril, D. U. & Sar, E. A. 2008. Marine diatoms from Buenos Aires coastal waters (Argentina). V. Species of the genus Chaetoceros. Rev. Biol. Mar. Oceanogr. 43:303-326.
  37. Vanlandingham, S. L. 1968. Catalogue of the fossil and recent genera and species of diatoms and their synonyms, Part II. Bacteriastrum through Coscinodiscus. Verlag von J. Cramer, Lehre, pp. 494-1086.

Cited by

  1. Critical criteria for identification of the genusChaetoceros(Bacillariophyta) based on setae ultrastructure. I. SubgenusChaetoceros vol.53, pp.2, 2014, https://doi.org/10.2216/13-154.1
  2. Automatic setae segmentation fromChaetocerosmicroscopic images vol.77, pp.9, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.22389
  3. Floristic Survey of Diatom in the Three Islands (Baeknyeong, Daecheong, Socheong) from Yellow Sea of Korea vol.38, pp.4, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2015.059
  4. Critical criteria for identification of the genusChaetoceros(Bacillariophyta) based on setae ultrastructure. II. SubgenusHyalochaete vol.53, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.2216/14-51R2.1
  5. Diversity of the marine diatomChaetoceros(Bacillariophyceae) in Thai waters – revisitingChaetoceros compressusandChaetoceros contortus vol.54, pp.2, 2015, https://doi.org/10.2216/14-074.1
  6. Chaetoceros atlanticusvar.koreanusvar. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from the East Sea of Korea and closely related taxa: insight into the ultrastructure of the setae vol.29, pp.4, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1080/0269249X.2014.929031
  7. Marine Heatwave, Harmful Algae Blooms and an Extensive Fish Kill Event During 2013 in South Australia vol.6, pp.None, 2011, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00610
  8. Gregarious true- colonies of ciliate Vorticella oceanica on a chain forming diatom Chaetoceros coarctatus: indicating change in the nature of association vol.79, pp.3, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-019-00640-4