DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Quantification of Glycerol by Malachite Green Fading Phenomenon: Application in Reaction By-Product of Biodiesel

말라카이트 그린의 색엷음 현상을 이용한 글리세롤의 정량: 바이오디젤 내 반응물 분석의 적용 가능성

  • Lee, Mi-Hwa (Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Chosun University) ;
  • Lee, Young-Chul (Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Chosun University) ;
  • Shin, Hyun-Jae (Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Chosun University)
  • 이미화 (조선대학교 생명화학공학과) ;
  • 이영철 (조선대학교 생명화학공학과) ;
  • 신현재 (조선대학교 생명화학공학과)
  • Received : 2011.07.28
  • Accepted : 2011.09.23
  • Published : 2011.10.31

Abstract

Nowadays biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester, FAME) has been becoming an important issue as a desired alternative of energy products because of non-toxic, biodegradable properties, and lower exhaust emissions. During esterification of fatty acids or transesterification of oils and fats with short chain alcohols by the alkali-catalyzed methanolysis, FAME and unrefined glycerol are generated. Quantification of glycerol as a by-product is important because of a determinant of biodiesel quality. However, the glycerol analysis by gas chromatography (GC) method has laborious works with sample preparation, long time and cost of sample analysis. Thus, there is a need to analyze glycerol more simply. Herein we demonstrate that the colorimetric assay for glycerol analysis conducted by UV-vis spectrophotometer at the wavelength 617 nm whose peak is maximum intensity of malachite green, resulting in the red-shift occurred proportionally as a function of glycerol amount. Thus, it is considered the solvent media for malachite green fading for biodiesel production: (1) water, (2) MeOH, and (3) EtOH. The resulting findings show that the peak intensity at 617 nm in glycerol-malachite green mixture had a relationship between glycerol concentration and degree of peak shift as increase in pure glycerol concentration approximately at pH 7.0. However, when it was measured the unrefined glycerol concentration by diluting and adjusting with water to buffer (pH 7.0), it was not observed the absorption peak at 617 nm because of impurities and OH ions. In case of glycerol from biodiesel production factories, glycerol concentration could be successfully measured.

Keywords

References

  1. Tan, T., J. Lu, K. Nie, L. Deng, and F. Wang (2010) Biodiesel production with immobilized lipase: A review. Biotechnol. Adv. 28: 628-634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2010.05.012
  2. Koh, M. Y. and T. I. M. Chazi (2011) A review of biodiesel production from Jatropa curcas L. oil. Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev. 10: 2240-2251.
  3. Jang, Y. S., K. S. Kim, Y. H. Lee, H. J. Cho, and S. J. Suh (2010) Review of property and utilization of oil crop for biodiesel. Korean J. Plant Biotech. 37: 25-46. https://doi.org/10.5010/JPB.2010.37.1.025
  4. Jo, B. H. and H. J. Cha (2010) Biodiesel production using microalgal marine biomass. Korean J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 25: 109-115.
  5. Lim, Y. K., H. J. Jeon, S. Kim, E. S. Yim, H. O. Song, S. C. Shin, and D. K. Kim (2009) Determination of fuel properties for blended biodiesel from various vegetable oils. J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem. 47: 237-242.
  6. Chung, K. H. and B. G. Park (2010) Biodiesel production from vegetable oils by transesterification using ultrasonic irradiation. J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem. 21: 385-390.
  7. Yang, H. S., G. T. Jeong, S. H. Park, J. H. Park, J. H. Park, and D. H. Park (2007) Reaction Condition for Biodiesel Production from Animal Fats. Korean J. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 22: 228-233.
  8. Bondioli, P. and L. D. Bella (2005) An Alternative spectrophotometric method for the determination of free glycerol in biodiesel. Eur. J. Lipid. Sci. Tech. 107: 153-157. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.200401054
  9. Bansal, K., J. McCrady, A. Hansen, and K. Bhalerao (2008) Thin layer chromatography and image analysis to detect glycerol in biodiesel. Fuel 87: 3369-3372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.04.033
  10. Dorado, M. P., S. Pinzi, A. de Haro, R. Font, and J. Garcia-Olmo (2011) Visible and NIR spectroscopy to assess biodiesel quality: Determination of alcohol and glycerol traces. Fuel 90: 2321-2325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2011.02.015
  11. Samiey, B. and A. R. Toosi (2010) Kinetics of malachite green fading in alcohol-water binary mixtures. Int. J. Chem. Kinet 42: 508-518. https://doi.org/10.1002/kin.20500
  12. Freedman, B., E. H. Pryde, and T. L. Mounts (1984) Variables affecting the yields of fatty esters from transesterified vegetable oils. JAOCS 61: 1638-1643. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02541649
  13. Baumann, E. W. (1995) Colorimetric determination of low pH with malachite green. Talanta 42: 457-462. https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-9140(95)01274-F
  14. Yang, Y. M., K. J. Kim, and Y. Lee (2008) Glycerol separation from biodiesel byproduct. J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem. 19: 690-692.