References
- Amann, R., J. Snaidr, M. Wagner, W. Ludwig, and K.H. Schleifer. 1996. In situ visualization of high genetic diversity in a natural microbial community. J. Bacteriol. 178, 3496-3500. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.178.12.3496-3500.1996
- Bartholomew, J.W. and T. Mittwer. 1952. The Gram stain. Bacteriol. Rev. 16, 1-29.
-
Binnerup, S.J., O.
$H{\phi}jberg$ , and J.$S{\phi}rensen$ . 1998. Gram characteristics determined on single cells and at the microcolony level of bacteria immobilized on polycarbonate membrane filters. J. Microbiol. Methods 31, 185-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7012(97)00102-4 - Forster, S., J.S. Snape, H.M. Lappin-Scott, and J. Porter. 2002. Simultaneous fluorescent Gram staining and activity assessment of activated sludge bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68, 4772-4779. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.10.4772-4779.2002
- Jenkins, D., M.G. Richard, and G.T. Daigger. 2003. Manual on the causes and control of activated sludge bulking and foaming, pp. 1-74. 3rd ed. Lewis Publishers, Washington, D.C., USA.
- Manz, W., R. Amann, W. Ludwig, M. Wagner, and K.H. Schleifer. 1992. Phylogenetic oligodeoxynucleotide probes for the major subclasses of proteobacteria: problems and solutions. System. Appl. Microbiol. 15, 593-600. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0723-2020(11)80121-9
- Mesquita, D.P., O. Dias, A.L. Amaral, and E.C. Ferreira. 2009. Monitoring of activated sludge settling ability through image analysis: Validation on full-scale wastewater treatment plants. Bioprocess Biosyst. Eng. 32, 361-367. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-008-0255-z
- da Motta, M., M.N. Pons, and N. Roche. 2001. Automated monitoring of activated sludge in pilot plant using image analysis. Water Sci. Technol. 43, 91-96.
- Pandolfi, D. and M.N. Pons. 2004. Gram-staining characterisation of activated sludge filamentous bacteria by automated colour analysis. Biotechnol. Lett. 26, 1841-1846. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-004-5280-7
- Pernelle, J.J., E. Cotteux, and P. Duchene. 1998. Effectiveness of oligonucleotide probes targeted against Thiothrix nivea and type 021N 16S RNA for in situ identification and population monitoring in activated sludges. Water Sci. Technol. 37, 431-440. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1223(98)00142-5
- Pernelle, J.J., G. Gaval, E. Cotteux, and P. Duchene. 2001. Influence of transient substrate overloads on the proliferation of filamentous bacterial populations in an activated sludge pilot plant. Water Res. 35, 129-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00224-4
- Powers, E.M. 1995. Efficacy of the Ryu nonstaining KOH technique for rapidly determining gram reactions of food-borne and waterborne bacteria and yeasts. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61, 3756-3758.
- Roller, C., M. Wagner, R. Amann, W. Ludwig, and K.H. Schleifer. 1994. In situ probing of Gram-positive bacteria with high DNA G+C content using 23S rRNA-targeted oligonucleotides. Microbiology 140, 2849-2858. https://doi.org/10.1099/00221287-140-10-2849
- Romero, S., R.F. Schell, and D.R. Pennell. 1988. Rapid method for the differentiation of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria on membrane filters. J. Clin. Microbiol. 26, 1378-1382.
- Sage, B.H. and V.R. Neece. 1984. Rapid visual detection of microorganisms in blood culture. J. Clin. Microbiol. 20, 5-8.
- Saida, H., T. Maekawa, T. Satake, Y. Higashi, and H. Seki. 2000. Gram stain index of natural bacteria community at a nutrient gradient in freshwater environment. Environ. Pollut. 109, 293-301. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00257-2
- Saida, H., N. Ytow, and H. Seki. 1998. Photometric application of Gram stain method to characterize natural bacterial populations in aquatic environments. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 64, 742-747.
- Sodell, J.A. and R. Seviour. 1990. Microbiology of foaming in activated sludge plants-a review. J. Appl. Bacteriol. 69, 145-176. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2672.1990.tb01506.x
- Steen, H.B. 2000. Flow cytometry of bacteria: glimpses from the past with a view to the future. J. Microbiol. Methods 42, 65-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-7012(00)00177-9
- Wagner, M., R. Erhart, W. Manz, R. Amann, H. Lemmer, D. Wedi, and K.H. Schleifer. 1994. Development of an rRNAtargeted oligonucleotide probe specific for the genus Acinetobacter and its application for in situ monitoring in activated sludge. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60, 792-800.
- Yazdankhah, S.P., H. Sorum, H.J. Larsen, and G. Gogstad. 2001. Rapid method for detection of Gram-positive and -negative bacteria in milk from cows with moderate or severe clinical mastitis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39, 3228-3233. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.39.9.3228-3233.2001