Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회지)

Korean Society of Environmental Engineers (대한환경공학회)
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Effects of Global Warming on the Estuarine Wetland Biogeochemistry

기후변화가 하구 습지 토양의 생지화학적 반응에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

  • Ki, Bo-Min (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University) ;
  • Choi, Jung-Hyun (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University)
  • 기보민 (이화여자대학교 환경공학과) ;
  • 최정현 (이화여자대학교 환경공학과)
  • Received : 2011.07.22
  • Accepted : 2011.08.29
  • Published : 2011.08.31
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Abstract

This study investigated the effects of elevated $CO_2$ and nitrogen addition on the anaerobic decomposition mediated by microorganisms to determine the microbial metabolic pathways in the degradation of organic matters of the sediments. There were statistically significant differences(P < 0.05) in the rates between denitrification and methanogenesis upon increased $CO_2$ concentration, nitrogen addition, in the presence of plants. Based on the assumption that anaerobic degradation of organic matter mainly occurs through denitrification, iron reduction, and methanogenesis, methanogenesis is the dominant pathways in the decomposition of organic matter under the condition of elevated $CO_2$ and nitrogen addition. In addition, the altered environment increased anaerobic carbon decomposition. Therefore, it can be concluded that freshwater wetland sediments have positive effects on the global warming by the increased methanogenesiss as well as increased anaerobic carbon decomposition.

이 연구는 대기 중 $CO_2$ 농도의 증가 및 질소 농도 조건에 따라 토양의 생물학적 유기물 분해과정의 변화 양상을 살펴보고, 담수 습지 토양에서 주로 일어나는 탈질, 철환원, 메탄환원 반응이 토양 유기물 분해에서 차지하는 중요도를 파악하여, 습지가 대기 중 온실가스 농도 변화에 미치는 영향을 예측해 보고자 하였다. 탈질률, 메탄환원률은 $CO_2$ 농도 변화, 식물 유무, 질소 유무에 따라 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였고(p < 0.05), 철환원률의 경우 질소의 유무에 따른 변화만이 유의한 차이를 보였다. $CO_2$ 농도가 증가함에 따라 메탄환원이 유기물을 분해하는 함께 질소가 첨가될 경우에도 메탄환원률의 비율이 높게 나타나 기후변화에 따른 담수 퇴적물의 혐기성 물질대사반응은 메탄환원이 가장 주요 반응임을 알 수 있다. 기후변화는 또한 분해되어지는 유기물의 총량도 증가시켜 전체적으로 $CO_2$ 농도가 높은 경우, 특히 $CO_2$ 농도가 높으면서 질소가 첨가된 경우에 단위시간당 단위무게의 토양에서 분해되어지는 유기물의 양이 많아짐을 알 수 있다. 연구의 결과로부터 기후변화는 습지 토양내 유기물의 혐기적 분해의 속도를 증가시켜 분해되어지는 유기물의 양을 증가시키므로 분해의 산물로 발생되는 온실가스($CO_2$, $N_2O$, $CH_4$ 등)의 대기 방출을 증진시켜 기후변화에 순영향(positive effect)를 줄 수 있으리라 판단된다.

Keywords

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