Abstract
Cauliflower mushroom ($Sparassis$ $crispa$) is being cultivated as a functional mushroom since the mushroom contains larger amount of ${\beta}$-glucan than other edible or medicinal mushrooms. In this study, as a fundamental study for the cultivation process of cauliflower mushroom, we assayed the mycelial growth and the productivity of the mushroom cultivated on the sawdust-based medium made of larch ($Larix$ $kaempferi$) by 4 kinds of medium densities and 6 kinds of particle sizes. Low densities of sawdust-based media (0.68~0.72 g/$cm^3$) showed high variations in mycelial growth at early stage on sawdust-based medium. The coefficient of variance for the mycelial growth decreased from higher than 40% at the 3rd week to lower than 10% at the 7th week. High density of sawdust-based medium (0.80 g/$cm^3$) showed relatively lower variation in the mycelial growth at early stage with less than 30% of coefficient of variance, the high density of sawdust-based medium was thought to be quite stable compared to the lower densities of sawdust-based medium. From the viewpoint of mushroom productivity especially for the goods (excluding bottom of fruiting body), 0.76 g/$cm^3$ was better than any other densities; the return rates of fruiting body from each medium were 12.2, 13.6, 13.1, and 12.0% for 0.80, 0.76, 0.72, and 0.68 g/$cm^3$, respectively. By the way, it took about 40 days for harvesting from primordium formation with the sawdust-based medium excluded the particles less than 1 mm, while it took about 70 days with the medium including the particles less than 1 mm. The yield from the sawdust-based medium with the particles less than 1 mm was also quite less than any other sawdust-based medium especially for the goods. Therefore, we recommend that the sawdust-based medium with larch for the cultivation of cauliflower mushroom be prepared as 0.76 g/$cm^3$ in medium density with excluding the particles less than 1 mm.
꽃송이버섯은 다량의 ${\beta}$-glucan을 함유하고 있어서 기능성 버섯으로 재배가 확산되고 있다. 본 연구는 재배공정의 표준화를 위한 기초연구로서, 낙엽송 톱밥배지를 대상으로 밀도와 입자 크기에 따른 균사 생장 및 생산량 차이를 검정하였다. 저밀도(0.68~0.72 g/$cm^3$)의 톱밥배지에서 균사 생장의 변이계수는 초기에 40%를 초과하는 높은 값을 나타내었다가 7주차 이후에는 10% 이내로 줄어들었다. 반면, 고밀도(0.80 g/$cm^3$)의 경우에는 초기에도 상대적으로 낮은 30% 수준의 변이계수를 나타내며 안정적인 모습을 보였다. 생산량에서는 상품성이 높은 꽃 부분의 회수율을 측정한 결과 0.80 g/$cm^3$은 12.2%, 0.76 g/$cm^3$은 13.6%, 0.72 g/$cm^3$은 13.1%, 그리고 0.68 g/$cm^3$은 12.0%로 환산되어 0.76 g/$cm^3$가 가장 유리한 것으로 판단되었다. 한편, 1 mm 이하의 톱밥을 배제한 경우에는 원기 형성 후 자실체 수확까지 40일 정도 소요되지만, 1 mm 이하의 톱밥이 섞일 경우는 70일이 소요되었다. 또한 생산량에 있어서도, 꽃 부분만을 고려하면 1 mm 이하의 입자를 포함한 경우에는 다른 처리에 비하여 생산량이 적은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 낙엽송 톱밥을 이용하여 꽃송이버섯을 재배하기 위해서는 1 mm 이하의 톱밥은 제외하고, 0.76 g/$cm^3$의 밀도로 배지를 조제하여 사용하는 것을 권장한다.
