Korean Journal of Plant Resources (한국자원식물학회지)

The Plant Resources Society of Korea (한국자원식물학회)
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The Variation of Cone, Seed and Germination Characteristics of Picea jezoensis (Siebold & Zuccarini) Carriere Populations in Korea

한국산(韓國産) 가문비나무 자생집단(自生集團)의 구과(毬果), 종자(種子) 및 발아특성(發芽特性) 변이(變異)

  • Song, Jeong-Ho (Department of Forest Resources Development, Korea Forestry Research Institute) ;
  • Jang, Kyung-Hwan (Department of Forest Resources Development, Korea Forestry Research Institute) ;
  • Kim, Du-Hyun (Department of Forest Resources Development, Korea Forestry Research Institute) ;
  • Lim, Hyo-In (Department of Forest Resources Development, Korea Forestry Research Institute)
  • 송정호 (국립산림과학원 산림자원육성부) ;
  • 장경환 (국립산림과학원 산림자원육성부) ;
  • 김두현 (국립산림과학원 산림자원육성부) ;
  • 임효인 (국립산림과학원 산림자원육성부)
  • Received : 2010.09.28
  • Accepted : 2010.11.22
  • Published : 2011.02.28
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Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the variation of cone, seed and germination characteristics among populations and among individuals within populations of Picea jezoensis(Siebold & Zuccarini) Carriere distributed in Korea. Cone collected from 25 trees in two natural populations(Mt. Jiri and Mt. Dokyu) and their thirteen cone and seed characteristics as well as three germination behaviors were analyzed. Statistical analysis showed significant differences among populations and among individuals within populations in 9 traits except for seed breadth, seed weight, index of seed wing and mean germination time. Generally, morphological variation of cone and seed wings from Mt. Jiri population has smaller and longer than those of Mt. Dokyu population. Percentage of sound seeds and Tetrazolium test from Mt. Jiri population showed 1.79 and 1.87 higher values than Mt. Dokyu population, respectively. The maximum germination percentage was obtained at the optimum temperature of $20^{\circ}C$ and in this case, mean germination time and germination rate showed 7.5 days and 2.9 ea./day, respectively. In seed germination behaviors, percentage(40.7%) and rate(0.90 ea./day) of germination in Mt. Jiri population were more higher and faster than those of Mt. Dokyu population(17.7%, 0.37 ea./day). According to correlation analysis, P. jezoensis populations with small restricted distribution may have been reduced because seed qualities were correlated with increased levels of inbreeding and disproportion flowering.

우리나라 가문비나무 천연집단의 구과, 종자 및 발아특성에 대한 집단간 및 집단내 개체간 변이를 조사하였다. 지리산과 덕유산 집단의 25개 개체목에서 구과를 채취하여 13가지 구과 및 종자특성과 3가지 발아특성에 대하여 분석하였다. 분산분석 결과 종자의 폭 및 무게, 종자날개지수 및 평균발아일수 특성을 제외한 9개 형질들에서 집단간 및 집단내 개체간에 유의적인 차이가 인정되었다. 변이계수 값은 구과와 종자의 무게, 충실율, TTC, 발아율 및 발아속도 형질들에서 29.7%~57.1% 범위의 높은 값을 보였으며, 나머지 형질들에서는 10% 내외의 비교적 변이가 작은 것으로 나타났다. 대체적으로 형태적 특성은 지리산집단의 경우 구과 및 종자날개가 작으며 긴 경향을 보인반면 덕유산 집단이 종자가 크고 긴 형태를 나타냈다. 종자충실율과 TTC 활력은 지리산 집단이 덕유산 집단에 비해 각각 1.79배, 1.87배 정도 우수한 집단간 차이를 나타냈다. 가문비나무의 종자발아에 미치는 온도조건의 영향을 보면 발아적온은 $20^{\circ}C$였으며, 이때의 평균발아일수는 7.5일, 발아속도는 2.9개/일로 나타났다. 지리산 집단의 경우 평균발아율이 40.7%, 발아속도가 0.90개/일로서 덕유산 집단(17.7%, 0.37개/일)보다 발아특성이 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 구과, 종자 및 발아특성에 대한 상관분석 결과 국내 가문비나무 천연집단은 종자활력이 한정된 분포에 따른 근친교배 및 특정 개체의 편중개화 현상에 많은 영향을 받는 것으로 추정되어 소멸을 초래할 가능성이 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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