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Changes in Fatty Acid Composition of Grain after Milling

곡류 도정에 따른 지방산 조성 변화 연구

  • Cho, Young-Sook (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA)) ;
  • Kim, Yu-Na (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA)) ;
  • Kim, Su-Yeonk (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA)) ;
  • Kim, Jung-Bong (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA)) ;
  • Kim, Heon-Woong (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA)) ;
  • Kim, Se-Na (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA)) ;
  • Kim, So-Young (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA)) ;
  • Park, Hong-Ju (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA)) ;
  • Kim, Jae-Hyun (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science (NAAS), Rural Development Administration (RDA))
  • 조영숙 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김유나 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김수연 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김정봉 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김헌웅 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김세나 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김소영 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 박홍주 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원) ;
  • 김재현 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원)
  • Received : 2011.11.29
  • Accepted : 2011.12.26
  • Published : 2011.12.31

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cereals, especially rice is the staple food of oriental nations and because it is very important for Korean food, to determine the extent of nutrient losses due to milling, we analyzed the fatty acid using by GC-FID(Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector). Experimented rice cereals were rice, glutinous rice, Heuinchalssalbori, Seodunchalbori, Saessalbori, Keunalbori No.1, barnyard millet produced in Korea. METHODS AND RESULTS: After milling, the contents of fatty acids in the rice, glutinous rice, Heuinchalssalbori, and Seodunchalbori, Keunalbori No.1 rather decreased, but in the Saessalbori, and barnyard mille increased. Particularly, fatty acid content of the rice decreased from 24.8 mg/g to 6.4 mg/g, glutinous rice decreased from 29.4 mg/g to 11.7 mg/g after milling. There were also significant changes in the compositions of fatty acid among samples. Stearic acid ($C_{18:0}$) increased from 5% to 15%, but oleic acid ($C_{18:1}$) and linoleic acid ($C_{18:2}$) decreased in the rice after milling. CONCLUSION(s):In the brown rice, 11 different types of fatty acids were detected, and its highest content was found in grains. However, milled grain was observed only seven fatty acids in the case of rice. This result insisted that a portion of the lipid layer was significantly lost during the milling operation in rice.

곡류의 도정별 지방산 함량을 분석, 비교하였다. 지방산의 조성비는 시료 전체에서 0.01~54.0%범위의 분포를 보였다. 알곡에서는 총 지방산의 함량은 평균적으로 알곡에서는 23.6 mg/g, 도정곡에서는 18.3 mg/g인 것으로 나타났다. 포화지방산은 대체적으로 일부 시료를 제외하고는 도정곡보다 알곡에서 더 높은 경향을 보였으며, 반대로 불포화지방산은 알곡보다 도정곡에서 더 높은 경향을 보였다. 포화지방산량과 불포화지방산량을 비교 시 거의 모든 시료에서 불포화 지방산 이 더 많은 비율을 차지하고 있었다. 총 지질의 지방산 조성은 linoleic acid가 44.5%로 가장 높았고, 다음이 palmitic acid로 26.1%, 그리고 oleic acid가 17.7%를 차지했다. 이 세 가지 지방산은 총 지방산량의 약 89%를 차지하고 있었다. 총 지방산량은 대부분의 시료에서 알곡이 도정곡보다 더 높은 반면, 새쌀보리와 피에서는 도정곡에서 더 높게 나타났다.

Keywords

References

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