DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of Various Wavelength on the Hardness and the Free Amino Acid Contents of Soybean Sprouts

다양한 빛 파장 및 식물 스트레스 유발 화합물이 콩나물 경도 및 유리 아미노산 (Free Amino Acids)에 미치는 영향

  • Received : 2011.11.03
  • Accepted : 2011.12.12
  • Published : 2011.12.31

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Effect of various light wavelength and plant defense molecules were evaluated on the hardness and the contents of free amino acid including ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in soybean sprouts. METHODS AND RESULTS: Germinating soybean seeds were treated with various single wavelength of light (380, 440, 470, and 660 nm) or without light at $25^{\circ}C$ for six days. Soybean seeds were also treated with stress-signaling molecule ethephon or $H_2O_2$ at the same time. Soybean sprouts treated with 470 nm substantially raised the hardness almost two times than the control. The free amino acid contents were higher in 470 nm and $H_2O_2$ treated soybean seeds than the control. Nutritionally beneficial GABA contents were increased by the treatments of 470 nm, 440 nm, ethephon, and $H_2O_2$. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the hardness and the contents of amino acids can be regulated by stimuli, which stimuli could be composed of various wavelength and plant defense molecules. Especially, single wavelength 470 nm illumination has the effect of increasing GABA contents with increased hardness.

Keywords

References

  1. Adeghate, E., Ponery, A.S., 2002. GABA in the endocrine pancreas: cellular localization and function in normal and diabetic rats, Tissue Cell, 34, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1054/tice.2002.0217
  2. Aristoy, M.C, Toldra, F., 1991. Deproteinization techniques for HPLC amino acid analysis in fresh pork muscle and dry‐cured ham, J. Agric. Food Chem. 39, 1792-1795. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00010a020
  3. Baek, K. H., Jang, M. H., Kwack, Y. B., Lee, S. W., Yun, H. K., 2010. Regulation of acid contents in kiwifruit irradiated by various wavelength of light emitting diode during postharvest storage, Clean Technol. 16, 88-94.
  4. Bouche', N. Fromm, H. 2004. GABA in plants: just a metabolite, TRENDS Plant Sci. 9, 110-115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2004.01.006
  5. Bown, A. W. , Shelp, B. J., 1997. The metabolism and functions of y‐aminobutyric acid, Plant Physiol. 115, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.115.1.1
  6. Chi, H.Y, Roh, J.‐S., Kim, J. T., Lee, S.J., Kim, M.J., Hahn, S.J., Chung I.M., 2005. Light quality on nutritional composition and isoflavones content in soybean sprouts, Korean J. Crop Sci. 50, 415-418.
  7. Choi, H.D., Kim, S.S., Hong, H.D., Lee, J.Y., 2000. Comparison of physicochemical and sensory characteristics of soybean sprouts from different cultivars, J. Korean. Soc. Agric. Chem. Biotechnol. 43, 207‐212.
  8. Collins, J. L., Sand, G. G., 1976. Changes in trypsin inhibitory activity in some soybean varieties during maturation and germination, J. Food Sci. 41,168-172. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1976.tb01127.x
  9. Erlander, M. J., Tobin, A. J., 1991. The structural and functional heterogeneity of glutamic acid decarboxylase, Neurochem. Res. 16, 215-226. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00966084
  10. Golbitz, P., 1995. Traditional soyfoods: processing and products, J. Nutr. 125, 570-572.
  11. Hangarter, R. P., 1997. Gravity, light and plant form, Plant Cell Environ. 20, 796-800. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1997.d01-124.x
  12. Hayakawa, K., Kimura, M., Kasaha, K., Matsumoto, K., Sansawa, H., Yamori, Y., 2004. Effect of a gamma‐aminobutyric acid enriched dairy product on blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats, Brit. J. Nutr. 92, 411-417. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20041221
  13. Hwang, S.P., Park, E.H., 2011. Growth and textural properties of the sprouts of soybean groups with different seed size, Kor. J. Breed. Sci. 43, 232-238.
  14. Kim, E.H. Kim, S.H, Chung, J.I., Chi, H.Y., Kim, J.A., Chung, I.M. 2006. Analysis of phenolic compounds and isoflavones in soybean seeds (Glycine max (L.) Merill) and sprouts grown under different conditions, Eur. Food Res. Technol. 222, 201-208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-005-0153-4
  15. Kim, K. S., Kim, S. D., Kim, J. K., Kim, J. N., Kim, K. J., 1982. Effect of blue light on the major components of soybean‐sprouts, Korean J. Food Nutr. 11, 7-12.
  16. Kinnersely, A.M, Turan, F.J., 2000. Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) and plant responses to stress, Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. 19, 479-509. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0735-2689(01)80006-X
  17. Lee, J.C; Hwang, Y.H. 1996. Variation of asparagine and aspartic acid contents in beansprout soybeans, Korean J. Crop Sci.41, 592-599.
  18. Lee, Y.‐S., Kim, Y.‐H., Kim, S.‐B., 2005. Changes in the respiration, growth, and vitamin C content of soybean sprouts in response to chitosan of different molecular weights, HortSci. 40,1333-1335.
  19. Mody, I., De Koninck, Y., Otis, T. S., Soltesz, I., 1994. Bridging the cleft at GABA synapses in the brain, Trends Neurosci. 17, 517-525. https://doi.org/10.1016/0166-2236(94)90155-4
  20. Nakagawa, K., Onota, A., 1996. Accumulation of $\eta_{\circ}$‐ aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the rice germ, Shokuhin Kaihatsu. 31, 43-46.
  21. Oh, C. H., Oh, S. H., 2004. Effect of germinated brown rice extracts with enhanced levels of GABA on cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis, J. Med. Food 7, 19-23. https://doi.org/10.1089/109662004322984653
  22. Oh, S. H., Choi, W. G., 2001. Changes in the levels of $\eta_{\circ}$ ‐aminobutyric acid and glutamate decarboxylase in developing soybean seedlings, J. Plant Res. 114, 309-313. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00013992
  23. Ohmori, M., Yano, T., Okamoto, J., Tsushida, T., Murai, T., Higuchi, M., 1987. Effect of anaerobically treated tea (Gabaron tea) on blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats, Nippon Nogei Kagaku Kaishi. 61, 1449-1451. https://doi.org/10.1271/nogeikagaku1924.61.1449
  24. Park, A‐J., Kang, J.H., Jeon B.S., Yoon, S.Y., Lee, S.W., 2002. Effect of light quality during imbibition and culture on growth of soybean sprout, Korean J. Crop Sci. 47, 427-431.
  25. Serraj, R., Shelp, B. J., Sinclair, T. R., 1998. Accumulation of y‐aminobutyric acid in nodulated soybean in response to drought stress, Physiol. Plant. 102, 79-86. https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1998.1020111.x
  26. Shelp, B. J., Bown, A. W., McLean, M. D., 1999. Metabolism and functions of gamma‐aminobutyric acid, Trends Plant Sci. 4, 446-452. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(99)01486-7
  27. Snedden, W. A., Fromm, H., 1998. Calmodulin, calmodulin‐related proteins and plant responses to the environment, Trends Plant Sci. 3, 299-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1360-1385(98)01284-9
  28. Steward, F.C., Thompson, J. F., Dent, C., 1949. $\gamma$ ‐ aminobutyric acid: a constituent of the potato tuber, Science 110,439-440.

Cited by

  1. Changes in Isoflavones Contents and Germination Characteristics of Germinated Soybeans [Glycine max.] under Light Condition vol.29, pp.6, 2014, https://doi.org/10.7318/KJFC/2014.29.6.599
  2. Comparison of characteristics in commercial fermented vinegars made with different ingredients vol.20, pp.4, 2013, https://doi.org/10.11002/kjfp.2013.20.4.482
  3. Effects of LED (Light-Emitting Diode) Treatment on Antioxidant Activities and Functional Components in Taraxacum officinale vol.20, pp.3, 2012, https://doi.org/10.7783/KJMCS.2012.20.3.165
  4. Quality Characteristics of Bean Sprouts with Different Namulkong Cultivars vol.30, pp.3, 2014, https://doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2014.30.3.340
  5. Changes in the Nutritional Compositions of Soybean Sprouts Cultivated with Bamboo Ash vol.31, pp.3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.7318/KJFC/2016.31.3.213