DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Noonan Syndrome Confirmed to KRAS Gene Mutation: A Case of KRAS Gene Mutation

KRAS 유전자 변이로 확진된 Noonan 증후군 신생아 1례

  • Kim, Sung-Woo (Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University) ;
  • Park, So-Eun (Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University) ;
  • Jeong, In-Hyuk (Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University) ;
  • Yoon, Jeong-Won (Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University) ;
  • Lee, Cho-Ae (Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University) ;
  • Jeon, Ji-Hyun (Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, CHA University)
  • 김성우 (차의과학대학교 강남차병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 박소은 (차의과학대학교 강남차병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 정인혁 (차의과학대학교 강남차병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 윤정원 (차의과학대학교 강남차병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 이초애 (차의과학대학교 강남차병원 소아청소년과) ;
  • 전지현 (차의과학대학교 강남차병원 소아청소년과)
  • Published : 2011.11.30

Abstract

Noonan syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by typical facial features, congenital heart disease, and short stature. Diagnosis is difficult only with clinical symptoms and it is recently confirmed with gene study. The genotype-phenotype correlations have been reported. We report a newborn with KRAS gene mutation. This is the second report of case with KRAS gene mutation in Korea. So we hope this case will be a help to diagnosis and treatment of Noonan syndrome from birth.

누난 증후군은 전형적인 얼굴 모양, 선천성 심질환, 저신장을 특징으로 하는 우성유전 질환으로 출생시부터 임상증상으로 진단하는데 어려움이 있다. 이에 최근 RAS-MAPK 경로 변이로 확진되는 경우가 많고, 유전 변이 유형에 따른 임상 증상이 차이가 나는 경우도 많다. 유전 변이 확진으로 말미암아 임상 증상에 대한 적극적인 치료와 경과 관찰이 중요하므로 저자들은 국내에서 드문 KRAS 유전 변이 환아를 출생시부터 임상증상으로 진단하고 확진한 경험을 하여 이를 보고하는 바이다.

Keywords

References

  1. Noonan JA. Noonan syndrome. An update and review for the primary pediatrician. Clin Pediatr(Phila) 1994;33:548-55. https://doi.org/10.1177/000992289403300907
  2. Tartaglia M, Gelb BD, Zenker M. Noonan syndrome and clinically related disorders. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2011;25:161-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beem.2010.09.002
  3. Ko JM, Kim JM, Kim GH, Yoo HW. PTPN11, SOS1, KRAS, and RAF1 gene analysis, and genotype-phenotype correlation in Korean patients with Noonan syndrome. J Hum Genet 2008;53:999-1006. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10038-008-0343-6
  4. Mendez HM, Opitz JM. Noonan syndrome: a review. Am J Med Genet 1985;21:493-506. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.1320210312
  5. Van der Burgt I, Brunner H. Genetic heterogeneity in Noonan syndrome: evidence for an autosomal recessive form. Am J Med Genet 2000;94:46-51. https://doi.org/10.1002/1096-8628(20000904)94:1<46::AID-AJMG10>3.0.CO;2-I
  6. Jongmans M, Otten B, Noordam K, van der Burget I. Genetics and variation in phenotype in Noonan syndrome. Horm Res 2004;62 Suppl 3:56-9.
  7. Allanson JE. Hall JG, Hughes HE, Preus M, Witt DR. Noonan syndrome: the changing phenotype. Am J Med Genet 1985;21:507-14. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.1320210313
  8. Sharland M, Burch M, Mckenna WM, Patton MA. A clinical study of Noonan syndrome. Arch Dis Child 1992;67:178-83. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.67.2.178
  9. Ahn BW, Kim HJ, Park HD, Kim WD. A novel argininosuccinate synthetase gene mutation in a Korean family with type I citrullinemia. J Korean Soc Neonatol 2010;17:250-3. https://doi.org/10.5385/jksn.2010.17.2.250
  10. Choi DH, Seol EY, Cho MK, Shon C. A case of 2q-syndrome [46,XX, del(2)(q33q35)]. J Korean Soc Neonatol 2000;7:64-7.
  11. Tartaglia M, Mehler EL, Goldgerg R, Zampino G, Brunner HG, Kremer H, et al. Mutations in PTPN11, encoding the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2, cause Noonan syndrome . Nat Genet 2001;29:465-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng772
  12. Pandit B, Sarkozy A, Pennacchio LA, Carta C, Oishi K, Martinelli S, et al. Gain-of-function RAF1 mutations cause Noonan and LEOPARD syndromes with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Nat Genet 2007;39:1007-12. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng2073
  13. Razzaque MA, Nishizawa T, Komoike Y, Yagi H, Furutani M, Amo R, et al. Germline gain-of-function mutations in RAF1 cause Noonan syndrome. Nat Genet 2007;39:1013-7. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng2078
  14. Bertola DR, Pereira AC, Albano LM, De Oliveira PS, Kim CA, Krieger JE. PTPN11 gene analysis in 74 Brazilian patients with Noonan syndrome or Noonan-like phenotype. Genet Test 2006; 10:186-91. https://doi.org/10.1089/gte.2006.10.186
  15. Tartaglia M, Kalidas K, Shaw A, Song X, Musat DL, van der Burgt I, et al. PTPN11 mutations in Noonan syndrome: molecular spectrum, genotype-phenotype correlation, and phenotypic heterogeneity. Am J Hum Genet 2002;70:1555-63. https://doi.org/10.1086/340847
  16. Zenker M, Buheitel G, Rauch R, Koenig R, Bosse K, Kress W, et al. Genotype-phenotype correlations in Noonan syndrome. J Pediatr 2004;144:368-74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2003.11.032
  17. Tartaglia M, Pennacchio LA, Zhao C, Yadav KK,. Fodale V, Sarkozy A, et al. Gain-of-function SOS1 mutations cause a distinctive form of Noonan syndrome. Nat Genet 2007;39:75-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1939
  18. Zenker M, Lehmann K, Schulz AL, Barth H, Hansmann D, Koening R, et al. Expansion of the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum in patients with KRAS germline mutations. J Med Genet 2007;44:131-5.
  19. Schubbert S, Zenker M, Rowe SL, Boll S, Klein C, Bollag G , et al. Germline KRAS mutation cause Noonan syndrome. Nat Genet 2006;38:331-6. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1748
  20. Ranke MB, Heidemann P, Knupfer C, Enders H, Schmaltz AA, Bierich JR. Noonan syndrome: growth and clinical manifestations in 144 cases. Eur J Pediatr 1988;148:220-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00441408