References
- Albrecht, B.A. (1989) Aerosols, cloud microphysics, and fractional cloudiness, Science, 245, 1227-1230. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.245.4923.1227
- Andreae, M.O. and D. Rosenfeld (2008) Aerosol-cloud-precipitation interaction: Part I. The nature and sources of cloud-active aerosols, Earth Sci. Rev., 89, 13-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.03.001
- Bahreini, R., J.L. Jimenez, J. Wang, R.C. Flagan, J.H. Seinfeld, J.T. Jayne, and D.R. Worsnop (2003) Aircraft-based aerosol size and composition measurements during ACE-Asia using Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer, J. Geophys. Res., 108, D23, 8645, doi:10.1029/2002JD003226.
- Baumgardner, D., R. Subramanian, C. Twohy, J. Stith, and G. Kok (2008) Scavenging of black carbon by ice crystals over the nothern Pacific, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L22815, doi:10.1029/2008GL035764.
- Bond, T.C., E. Bhardwaj, R. Dong, R. Jogani, S. Jung, C. Roden, D.G. Streets, and N.M. Trautmann (2007) Historical emissions of black and organic carbon aerosol from energy-related combustion, 1850-2000, Global Biogeochem. Cycl., 21, GB2018, doi:10.1029/2006GB002840.
- Cai, Y., D.C. Montaguea, W. Mooiweer-Bryana, and T. Deshler (2008) Performance characteristics of the ultra high sensitivity aerosol spectrometer for particles between 55 and 800 nm: Laboratory and field studies. J. Aerosol Sci,. 39, 759-769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.04.007
- Cozic, J., S. Mertes, B. Verheggen, D.J. Cziczo, S.J. Gallavardin, S. Walter, U. Baltensperger, and E. Weingartner (2008) Black carbon enrichment in atmospheric ice particle residuals observed in lower tropospheric mixed phase clouds, J. Geophys. Res., 113, D15209, doi:10.1029/2007JD009266.
- Dusek, U., G.P. Frank, L. Hildebrandt, J. Curtius, J. Schneider, S. Walter, D. Chand, F. Drewnick, S. Hings, D. Jung, S. Borrmann, and M.O. Andreae (2006) Size matters more than chemistry for cloud-nucleating ability of aerosol particles, Science, 312, 1375-1378. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1125261
- Gysel, M., S. Nyeki, E. Weingartner, U. Baltensperger, H. Giebl, R. Hitzenberger, A. Petzold, and C.W. Wilson (2003) Properties of jet engine combustion particles during the PartEmis experiment: Hygroscopicity at subsaturated conditions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, doi:10.1029/2003GL016896.
- Huebert, B.J., T. Bates, P.B. Russell, G. Shi, Y.J. Kim, K. Kawamura, G. Carmichael, and T. Nakajima (2003) An overview of ACE-Asia: Strategies for quantifying the relationship between Asian aerosols and their climatic impacts, J. Geophy. Res., 108, D23, 8633, doi:10.1029/2003JD003550.
- Karcher, B., O. Mohler, P.J. DeMott, S. Pechtl, and F. Yu (2007) Insights into the role of soot aerosols in cirrus cloud formation, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7. 4203-4227. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-4203-2007
- Khalizov, A.F., R. Zhang, D. Zhang, H. Xue, J. Pagels, and P.H. McMurry (2009) Formation of highly hygroscopic soot aerosols upon internal mixing with sulfuric acid vapor, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D05208, doi:10.1029/ 2008JD010595.
- Kim, B.-G. and T.-Y. Kwon (2006) Aerosol indirect effect studies from the ground-based remote sensings, J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ., 22(2), 235-247. (in Korean with English abstract)
- Kuwata, M., Y. Kondo, and N. Takegawa (2009) Critical condensed mass for activation of black carbon as cloud condensation nuclei in Tokyo, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D20202, doi:10.1029/2009JD012086.
- Lammel, G. and T. Novakov (1995) Water nucleation properties of carbon black and diesel soot particles, Atmos. Environ., 29, 813-823. https://doi.org/10.1016/1352-2310(94)00308-8
- Laursen, K.K., D.P. Jorgensen, G.P. Brasseur, S.L. Ustin, and J.R. Huning (2006) HIAPER: The next generation NSF/NCAR research aircraft, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 87, 896-909, doi:10.1175/BAMS-87-7-896.
- Liu, W., S.L. Kaufman, B.L. Osmondson, G.J. Sem, F.R. Quant, and D.R. Oberreit (2006) Water-based condensation particle counters for environmental monitoring of ultrafine particles, J. Air & Waste Manage. Assoc., 56(4), 444-455. https://doi.org/10.1080/10473289.2006.10464520
- Lohmann, U., J. Feichter, J. Penner, and R. Leaitch (2000) Indirect effect of sulfate and carbonaceous aerosols: A mechanistic treatment, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 12193-12206. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999JD901199
- Mikhailov, E.F., S.S. Vlasenko, I.A. Podgorny, V. Ramanathan, and C.E. Corrigan (2006) Optical properties of sootwater drop agglomerates: An experimental study, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D07209, doi:10.1029/2005JD006389.
- Moteki, N., Y. Kondo, Y. Miyazaki, N. Takegawa, Y. Komazaki, G. Kurata, T. Shirai, D.R. Blake, T. Miyakawa, and M. Koike (2007) Evolution of mixing state of black carbon particles: Aircraft measurements over the western Pacific in March 2004, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L11803, doi:10.1029/2006GL028943.
- Popovicheva, O.B., N.M. Persiantseva, V. Tishkova, N.K. Shonija, and N.A. Zubareva (2008) Quantification of water uptake by soot particles, Environ. Res. Lett., 3, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/3/2/025009.
- Roberts, G. and A. Nenes (2005) A continuous-flow streamwise thermal gradient CCN chamber for airborne measurements, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 39, 206-221, doi:10.1080/027868290913988.
- Schwarz, J.P., R.S. Gao, D.W. Fahey, D.S. Thomson, L.A. Watts, J.C. Wilson, J.M. Reeves, M. Darbeheshti, D.G. Baumgardner, G.L. Kok, S.H. Chung, M. Schulz, J. Hendricks, A. Lauer, B. Karcher, J.G. Slowik, K.H. Rosenlof, T.L. Thompson, A.O. Langford, M. Loewenstein, and K.C. Aikin (2006) Singleparticle measurements of midlatitude black carbon and light-scattering aerosols from the boundary layer to the lower stratosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 111, D16207, doi:10.1029/2006JD007076.
- Shiraiwa, M., Y. Kondo, N. Moteki, N. Takegawa, Y. Miyazaki, and D.R. Blake (2007) Evolution of mixing state of black carbon in polluted air from Tokyo, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L16803, doi:10.1029/2007GL029819.
- Spackman, J.R., J.P. Schwarz, R.S. Gao, L.A. Watts, D.S. Thomson, D.W. Fahey, J.S. Holloway, J.A. de Gouw, M. Trainer, and T.B. Ryerson (2008) Empirical correlations between black carbon aerosol and carbon monoxide in the lower and middle troposphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L19816, doi:10.1029/2008GL035237.
- Stith, J.L., V. Ramanathan, W.A. Cooper, G.C. Roberts, P.J. DeMott, G. Carmichael, C.D. Hatch, B. Adhikary, C.H. Twohy, D.C. Rogers, D. Baumgardner, A.J. Prenni, T. Campos, RuShan Gao, J. Anderson, and Y. Feng (2009) An overview of aircraft observati ons from the Pacific Dust Experiment campaign, J. Geophys. Res., 114, D05207, doi:10.1029/2008JD010 924.
- Takami, A., T. Miyoshi, A. Shimono, N. Kaneyasu, S. Kato, Y. Kajii, and S. Hatakeyama (2007) Transport of anthropogenic aerosols from Asia and subsequent chemical transformation, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D22S31, doi:10.1029/2006JD008120.
- Twomey, S. (1974) Pollution and the planetary albedo, Atmos. Environ., 8, 1251-1256. https://doi.org/10.1016/0004-6981(74)90004-3
- Twomey, S. (1977) The influence of the shortwave albedo of clouds, J. Atmos. Sci., 34, 1149-1152. https://doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1977)034<1149:TIOPOT>2.0.CO;2
- Zhang, D. and R. Zhang (2005) Laboratory investigation of heterogeneous interaction of sulfuric acid with soot, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 5722-5728. https://doi.org/10.1021/es050372d
- Zhang, R., A.F. Khalizov, J. Pagels, D. Zhang, H. Xue, and P.H. McMurry (2008) Variability in morphology, hygroscopicity, and optical properties of soot aerosols during atmospheric processing, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 105, 10291-10296. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0804860105
Cited by
- Physico-Chemical Characterization of Black Carbon Emitted from Coal-fired Power Plant, Charcoal Kiln and Diesel Vehicle vol.29, pp.2, 2013, https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2013.29.2.152
- A Study of Black Carbon Measurement in Metropolitan Area and Suburban Area of the Korean Peninsula Performed during Pre KORea-US Air Quality Study (KORUS-AQ) Campaign vol.31, pp.5, 2015, https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2015.31.5.472
- Aerosol Optical Thickness Measurements from the Microtops-II Multi-wavelength Radiometer vol.32, pp.1, 2016, https://doi.org/10.5572/KOSAE.2016.32.1.057