동통폐합에 따른 동주민센터의 입지 변화 분석과 최적 입지 모델링 -공간적 효율성 및 형평성 접근-

Analysis of Locational Change of the Community Service Centers and Optimal Location Modeling after Dong Merger and Abolition: Spatial Efficiency and Equity Approach

  • 이건학 (이화여자대학교 사회생활학과)
  • Lee, Gun-Hak (Department of Social Studies, Ewha Womans University)
  • 투고 : 2010.08.03
  • 심사 : 2010.08.20
  • 발행 : 2010.08.31

초록

최근 많은 지자체들이 빠르게 변화하는 행정수요와 환경에 대해 효과적으로 대처하기 위한 일환으로 동통폐합 사업을 적극적으로 추진하고 있다. 이러한 행정적 노력은 지역 주민생활의 질에 직접적으로 관여하는 동사무소의 입지 특성에도 크게 영향을 미치고 있다. 본 연구에서는 행정 변화에 따른 동주민센터(구'동사무소')의 입지 변화를 체계적으로 분석하고, 공간적 접근성을 최적화하는 입지 대안을 제시한다. 이를 위한 사례 분석으로 서울시 마포구를 대상으로 현 동주민센터의 입지 패턴을 분석하고, 공간적 효율성이 최적화된 메디언(median), 공간적 형평성이 최적화된 센터(center), 효율성과 형평성 사이의 상충관계를 고려한 절충적인 대안을 제시하는 센디언(centdian)을 도출함으로써 기존의 입지 패턴을 보다 체계적으로 비교분석한다. 분석 결과는 각 동주민센터의 입지 특성을 공간적 효율성 및 형평성에 따라 체계적으로 평가하고 있으며, 선정된 최적 입지 대안들과 비교해서 현 주민센터의 입지가 전반적으로 효율성 및 형평성 측면에서 공간적으로 최적화되어 있지 않음을 보여주고 있다.

Recently many local governments have carried out dong merger and abolition process to cope with rapidly changing administrative demand and environment. This administrative effort impacts substantially the locational characteristics of the existing dong offices which directly involve in the quality of local community life. In this paper, we attempt to analyze the location pattern of current dong community service centers (formerly, 'dong office') and suggest the optimal locations maximizing spatial accessibility. As an application, we examine the location pattern of the existing dong community service centers in Mapo-gu, Seoul. Moreover, we compare current spatial configurations with the optimally selected locations such as, a Median maximizing spatial efficiency, a Center maximizing spatial equity, and a Centdian exploring compromising solutions regarding the tradeoff between efficiency and equity. The analytical results present that each of dong community service centers was systematically evaluated in terms of spatial efficiency and equity and in general the community service center locations are not spatially optimized with respect to efficiency and equity, compared with the optimal locations.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Bae, M. K. and Chang, B. M., 1998, A study on selection of proposed waste facilities sites using geographic information system, Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, 1(2), 14-25 (in Korean).
  2. Bell, T. and Church, R., 1987, Location-allocation modeling in archelogy, in Ghosh, A. and Rushton, G. (eds.), Spatial Analysis and Location-Allocation Models, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 76-100.
  3. Cho, C. J., 1991, Building of the equity-efficiency tradeoff model for the optimum location pattern of public facilities and testing of its efficiency through application to medical care facilities, The Journal of Korea Planners Association, 26(1), 137-152.
  4. Choi, K. S. and Kim, Y. J., 2007, A study on the reconstructuring of the local government systems, Modern Society and Public Administration, 17(3), 247-276 (in Korean).
  5. Church, R. and ReVelle, C., 1974, The maximal covering location problem, Papers of the Regional Science Association, 32(1), 101-118. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01942293
  6. Cohon, J. L., 1978, Multiobjective Programming and Planning, Dover Publications, New York.
  7. Colebrook, M. and Sicilia, J., 2007, A polynomial algorithm for the multicriteria cent-dian location problem, European Journal of Operational Research, 179(3), 1008-1027. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2005.11.042
  8. Daskin, M., 1995, Network and Discrete Location: Models, Algorithms and Applications, Wiley Interscience Series in Discrete Mathematics and Optimization, Toronto.
  9. Hakimi, S. L., 1965, Optimum distribution of switching centers in a communication network and some related graph theoretic problems, Operations Research, 13(3), 462-475. https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.13.3.462
  10. Halpern, J., 1976, The location of a center-median convex combination on an undirected tree, Journal of Regional Science, 16(2), 237-245. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.1976.tb00966.x
  11. Joo, S.-A. and Kim, Y.-H., 2007, Study on a demand volume estimation method using population weighted centroids in facility location problems, Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, 10(2), 11-22 (in Korean).
  12. Kim, G. S., 1987, Measurement of accessibility between urban public service facilities and their users, The Journal of Korea Planners Association, 22(3), 69-84 (in Korean).
  13. Kim, H. B. and Kim, S. G., 2006, A site selection of public facility based on an accessibility theory and GIS spatial analysis technologies, The KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, 26(3), 385-391 (in Korean).
  14. Kim, J. I. and Chung, H. W., 2001, GIS applications for optimum site selection of public facility, Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies, 4(4), 8-20 (in Korean).
  15. Kim, J. P., 1993, Issues and strategies in the reorganization of local government area, The Korea Local Administration Review, 8(2), 1-19 (in Korean).
  16. Kim, Y. and Kim, H. G., 1995, A study on location model of emergency medical services: Focused on emergency ambulance system of unified Chinju city, The Journal of Korea Planners Association, 30(6), 125-141 (in Korean).
  17. Kim, Y., Kim, G.-H., and Cho, J. Y., 2001, A study on the park allocation analysis using a multiple criteria decision making model and GIS: A case study of Greenbelt in Chinju, The Journal of Korea Planners Association, 36(6), 57-67 (in Korean).
  18. Kim, Y., Kim, G.-H., and Ryu, T.-C., 2003, The spatial location analysis for emergency medical service facility using multiple criteria decision method: A case study on medical equipment of Kyungnam, The Journal of Korea Planners Association, 38(4), 19-32 (in Korean).
  19. Lee, G. H. and Xiao, N., 2009, Examining the tradeoff between residential broadband service coverage and network connectivity using a bi-objecitve facility location model, Papers in Regional Science, 88(3), 547-562. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5957.2008.00206.x
  20. Lee, G. H., Shin, J. Y., Cho, D. H., and Kim, K. Y., 2010, Research on optimizing routing for the efficient operation of the visiting-health care services, Journal of the Korean Urban Geographical Society, 13(1), 1-16 (in Korean). https://doi.org/10.23841/egsk.2010.13.1.1
  21. Lee, H.-Y., 2000, The site selection for public facilities in using the multi-criteria evaluation method in geographic information system: A case study of the waste incinerator, Journal of the Korean Geographic Society, 35(3), 437-454 (in Korean).
  22. Marianov, V. and Serra, D., 2004, Location problems in the public sector, in Drezner, Z. and Hamacher, H. W.(eds.), Facility Location: Applications and Theory, Springer, Berlin, 119-150.
  23. MOGAHA(Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs), 2007a, Press Kit, June 8 (행정자치부 보도자료, 2007.6.8).
  24. MOGAHA(Ministry of Government Administration and Home Affairs), 2007b, Press Kit, August 28 (행정자치부 보도자료, 2007.8.28).
  25. MOPAS(Ministry of Public Administration and Security), 2008, The Guideline for Reforming Local Government Organization (행정안전부, 2008, 지방자치단체 조직개편지침).
  26. Moore, G. and ReVelle, C., 1982, The hierarchical service location problem, Management Science, 28(7), 775-780. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.28.7.775
  27. Oh, K.-S. and Kwon, O.-K., 2001, Developing a multicriteria spatial decision support system(MCSDSS) for analyzing the suitability of waste landfill sites, The Journal of GIS Association of Korea, 9(2), 227-238 (in Korean).
  28. Rosing, K., 1997, An empirical investigation of the effectiveness of a vertex substitution heuristic, Environment and Planning B, 24(1), 59-67. https://doi.org/10.1068/b240059
  29. Schilling, D., Jayaraman, V., and Barkhi, R., 1993, A review of covering problems in facility location, Location Science, 1(1), 25-55.
  30. SMG(Seoul Metropolitan Government), 2007, Press Kit, July 11 (서울시 보도자료, 2007.7.11).
  31. Tamir, A., Puerto, J., and Perez-Brito, D., 2002, The centdian subtree on tree networks, Discrete Applied Mathematics, 118(3), 263-278. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0166-218X(01)00199-8
  32. Toregas, C., Swain, R., ReVelle, C., and Bergmann, L., 1971, The location of emergency service facilities, Operations Research, 19(6), 1363-1373. https://doi.org/10.1287/opre.19.6.1363
  33. Weber, A., 1929, Theory of the Location of Industries, Chicago University Press, Chicago.