Ginsenoside Change and Antioxidation Activity of Fermented Ginseng

발효인삼의 Ginsenoside 변화와 항산화 활성

The extent of growth L. plantarum (LP), L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (LD), L. fermentum (LF), S. thermophilus (ST), B. longum (BI) and S. cerevisiae (SA) was generally good with the lower concentration of the ginseng extract. Total sapogenin content was slightly different with kinds of a fermentation microorganism and the time of fermentation process, and generally reduced compare to before fermentation. The content of ginsenoside Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Re and Rf were decreased with the fermentation but ginsenoside Rd was increased by the E, LF and SA fermented extract. The content of compound K increased in the order of not-fermented extrac < enzyme fermented extract < enzyme and microorganism fermented extract, and as the fermented time get longer, the content of compound K was sightly increased. Especially, the content of compound K of the SA fermented extract was the most increased, also it of the BI, LD and LF fermented extract was increased, so these extract were considered a high valuable. Polyphenol content of the BI, LD, LP and ST fermented extract indicated $9.18{\pm}0.39{\sim}15.68{\pm}0.54$ mg/10 g which was lower than it of a not-fermented extract ($11.92{\pm}0.26{\sim}28.41{\pm}0.39$ mg/10 g). Flavonoid content of a ginseng fermented extract indicated $26.93{\pm}0.17{\sim}156.45{\pm}1.29$ mg/10 g, it was higher than a not-fermented extract ($18.06{\pm}0.90$ mg/10 g). As the fermented time get longer, the flavonoid content tendency to increase. DPPH radical scavenging activity of a fermented ginseng extract was $24.11{\pm}1.41{\sim}55.62{\pm}0.33%$, it was slightly lower compared to a natural antioxidant, vitamin C. But it of the LF and ST fermented extract was similar to a natural antioxidant, vitamin C. It has not a concerned in a fermentation. Nitrite scavenging ability of a 24 hr fermented extract was above 80% at pH 2.5 and 4.2, it was similar to an artificial antioxidant, BHT ($84.76{\pm}0.13%$; pH2.5, $84.98{\pm}0.11%$; pH 4.2). It has not a concerned in a fermentation. SOD-like activity of a fermented extract was lower than that of a not-fermented extract ($19.22{\pm}0.51%$), but it of the E and LP-fermented extract was a very highly notable value. As the fermented time get longer, the SOD-like activity tendency to increase.