Journal of Plant Biotechnology

The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology (한국식물생명공학회)
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Acyltransferases for production of industrial oils in transgenic plants

식물의 산업용 지방산 생산을 위한 오일합성 유전자의 기능과 이용 전망

  • Kim, Hyun-Uk (Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Kyeong-Ryeol (Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, Jong-Sug (Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Roh, Kyung-Hee (Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Sun-Hee (Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Jong-Bum (Department of Agricultural Bio-resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration)
  • 김현욱 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 이경렬 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 박종석 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 노경희 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 김순희 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부) ;
  • 김종범 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부)
  • Received : 2010.05.04
  • Accepted : 2010.05.18
  • Published : 2010.06.30
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Abstract

Fatty acids in seed oil from plants are essential for human nutrients and have been used for industrial purpose. The growing demands of seed oil as food resources and feedstocks for industrial uses have attempted to modify fatty acid composition and to increase oil content in transgenic plants. However, production of unusual fatty acids in transgenic plants are limited, which is not synthesized the level same as original plants. This bottleneck was common for production of several unusual fatty acids in transgenic plants and suggests that there is different for substrate preference in oil metabolic pathway enzymes between host oil plants and original wild plants. Review of acyltransferases involved in acyl-editing and seed oil accumulation of oil plant and wild-plant producing unusual fatty acids will design strategies to maximize the production of unusual fatty acids in transgenic plants. In here, we identified eleven acyltransferase genes in castor based on sequence homology, which will be useful to increase hydroxy unusual fatty acids in transgenic plants.

식물 종자오일의 지방산은 인간에 필수 지방산을 공급하는 식용 및 생필품 생산에 필요한 다양한 산업원료로 사용된다. 식물 오일의 식용 및 산업용 적합성과 경제성을 극대화하기 위해 유전공학에 의한 종자오일의 양과 지방산 조성 변형을 위한 대사조절연구가 계속 진행되고 있다. 하지만 식물에 일반적으로 존재하지 않는, 산업적으로 유용한 특이지방산의 합성과 종자오일로의 축적은 한계가 있음이 알려져 있다. 그 이유는 재배가 용이하며 생산성이 높은 오일식물의 acyltransferase가 특이지방산에 대한 기질특이성이 떨어지며 또한 특이지방산에 대한 세포막지질에서 종자오일로 전환시키는 편집기작 (editing mechanism)이 없기 때문으로 사료된다. 최근에 모델식물의 종자오일의 축적에 관여하는 acyltransferase에 관한 유전자들이 클로닝되었고, 특이지방산이 합성되는 인지질에서의 편집기작에 관여하는 acyltransferase 유전자들이 밝혀져 이들 유전자들의 정보를 이용하여 특이지방산을 효과적으로 생산.증진할 수 있는 기술이 개발될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 피마자오일의 주성분인 산업용 특이지방산인 리시놀레인 지방산을 오일식물에서 생산하기 위해 이에 관여할 것으로 추정되는 11개의 acyltransferase 유전자를 피마자 유전체 데이터베이스에서 존재함을 확인하였다. 이들 유전자들의 도입에 의해 형질전환 식물이 갖고 있지 않은 리시놀레인산에 대한 기질 특이성을 부여하여 종자오일 내의 특이지방산의 생산을 증가시킬 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

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